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Sárik JR, Hetényi A, Berkecz R, Szatmári I, Lőrinczi B. Ortho-quinone methide driven synthesis of kynurenic acid lactams. RSC Adv 2024; 14:22123-22131. [PMID: 39005244 PMCID: PMC11240218 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04341c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactam formation of different KYNA amides and Mannich bases mediated by ortho-quinone methide has been investigated. The efficiency of the two routes of the cyclization process was revealed and the influence of diverse amide side chains was explored. In this regard compounds bearing a tertiary amine function in the amide side chain resulted in the formation of the lactam product, while the formation of dimer derivatives was observed in the case of other KYNA amides. Furthermore, derivatives bearing different substituents on the KYNA B ring were synthesized and their effects on the ring-closure reaction were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Robin Sárik
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Anasztázia Hetényi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged Dóm tér 8 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Róbert Berkecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged H-6720 Szeged Somogyi u. 4 Hungary
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Centre H-6724 Szeged Kossuth Lajos sgt. 40 Hungary
| | - István Szatmári
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
- HUN-REN SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, University of Szeged Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Bálint Lőrinczi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
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Seebacher W, Hoffelner M, Belaj F, Pirker T, Alajlani M, Bauer R, Pferschy-Wenzig EM, Saf R, Weis R. Formation of 5-Aminomethyl-2,3-dihydropyridine-4(1 H)-ones from 4-Amino-tetrahydropyridinylidene Salts. Molecules 2023; 28:6869. [PMID: 37836712 PMCID: PMC10574582 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Various 4-aminotetrahydropyridinylidene salts were treated with aldehydes in an alkaline medium. Their conversion to 5-substituted β-hydroxyketones in a one-step reaction succeeded only with an aliphatic aldehyde. Instead, aromatic aldehydes gave 5-substituted β-aminoketones or a single δ-diketone. The new compounds were characterized using spectroscopic methods and a single crystal structure analysis. Some of them showed anticancer and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Seebacher
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Hoffelner
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ferdinand Belaj
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Teresa Pirker
- Pharmacognosy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010 Graz, Austria (R.B.)
| | - Muaaz Alajlani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Sham Private University, 011 Damascus, Syria
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Pharmacognosy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010 Graz, Austria (R.B.)
| | - Eva-Maria Pferschy-Wenzig
- Pharmacognosy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Beethovenstrasse 8, 8010 Graz, Austria (R.B.)
| | - Robert Saf
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials (ICTM), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Robert Weis
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Schubertstrasse 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Simon P, Lőrinczi B, Hetényi A, Szatmári I. Novel Eco-friendly, One-Pot Method for the Synthesis of Kynurenic Acid Ethyl Esters. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:17966-17975. [PMID: 37251176 PMCID: PMC10210203 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of kynurenic acid derivatives with potential biological effect was investigated and optimized for one-batch, two-step microwave-assisted reactions. Utilizing both chemically and biologically representative non-, methyl-, methoxy-, and chlorosubstituted aniline derivatives, in catalyst-free conditions, syntheses of seven kynurenic acid derivatives were achieved in a time frame of 2-3.5 h. In place of halogenated reaction media, tuneable green solvents were introduced for each analogue. The potential of green solvent mixtures to replace traditional solvents and to alter the regioisomeric ratio regarding the Conrad-Limpach method was highlighted. The advantages of the fast, eco-friendly, inexpensive analytic technique of TLC densitometry were emphasized for reaction monitoring and conversion determination in comparison to quantitative NMR. Moreover, the developed 2-3.5 h syntheses were scaled-up to achieve gram-scale products of KYNA derivatives, without altering the reaction time in the halogenated solvent DCB and more importantly in its green substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Simon
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bálint Lőrinczi
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anasztázia Hetényi
- Department
of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 8, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Szatmári
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Stereochemistry
Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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4
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Synthesis of 4-Hydroxyquinolines as Potential Cytotoxic Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179688. [PMID: 36077085 PMCID: PMC9456289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of alkyl 2-(4-hydroxyquinolin-2-yl) acetates and 1-phenyl-4-(phenylamino)pyridine-2,6(1H,3H)-dione was optimised. Starting from 4-hydroxyquinolines (4HQs), aminomethylation was carried out via the modified Mannich reaction (mMr) applying formaldehyde and piperidine, but a second paraformaldehyde molecule was incorporated into the Mannich product. The reaction also afforded the formation of bisquinoline derivatives. A new 1H-azeto [1,2-a]quinoline derivative was synthesised in two different ways; namely starting from the aminomethylated product or from the ester-hydrolysed 4HQ. When the aldehyde component was replaced with aromatic aldehydes, Knoevenagel condensation took place affording the formation of the corresponding benzylidene derivatives, with the concomitant generation of bisquinolines. The reactivity of salicylaldehyde and hydroxynaphthaldehydes was tested; under these conditions, partially saturated lactones were formed through spontaneous ring closure. The activity of the derivatives was assessed using doxorubicin-sensitive and -resistant colon adenocarcinoma cell lines and normal human fibroblasts. Some derivatives possessed selective toxicity towards resistant cancer cells compared to doxorubicin-sensitive cancer cells and normal fibroblasts. Cytotoxic activity of the benzylidene derivatives and the corresponding Hammett–Brown substituent were correlated.
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Synthesis of Indole-Coupled KYNA Derivatives via C–N Bond Cleavage of Mannich Bases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137152. [PMID: 35806158 PMCID: PMC9266300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
KYNAs, a compound with endogenous neuroprotective functions and an indole that is a building block of many biologically active compounds, such as a variety of neurotransmitters, are reacted in a transformation building upon Mannich bases. The reaction yields triarylmethane derivatives containing two biologically potent skeletons, and it may contribute to the synthesis of new, specialised neuroprotective compounds. The synthesis has been investigated via two procedures and the results were compared to those of previous studies. A possible alternative reaction route through acid catalysis has been established.
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Yang M, Jian Y, Zhang W, Sun H, Zhang G, Wang Y, Gao Z. Synthesis of quinolines via sequential addition and I 2-mediated desulfurative cyclization. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38889-38893. [PMID: 35493239 PMCID: PMC9044151 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06976d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient one-pot approach for the synthesis of quinolines from o-aminothiophenol and 1,3-ynone under mild conditions is disclosed. With the aid of ESI-MS analysis and parallel experiments, a three-step mechanism is proposed-a two-step Michael addition-cyclization condensation step leading to intermediate 1,5-benzothiazepine catalyzed by zirconocene amino acid complex Cp2Zr(η1-C9H10NO2)2, followed by I2-mediated desulfurative step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Yajun Jian
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Huaming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Organometallic Material Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 P. R. China
- A School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University Urumqi 830054 P. R. China
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Lőrinczi B, Szatmári I. KYNA Derivatives with Modified Skeleton; Hydroxyquinolines with Potential Neuroprotective Effect. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11935. [PMID: 34769362 PMCID: PMC8584415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous neuroprotective agent of increasing importance. Several derivatives have already been synthesized, bearing an abundance of functional groups attached to the main skeleton in different positions. Several of these compounds have already been tested in biological evaluations, with several of them targeting the same receptors and biological effects as KYNA. However, these modified compounds build upon the unmodified KYNA skeleton leaving a possible route for the synthesis of new, potentially neuroprotective derivatives with heteroatom-containing ring systems. The aim of this review is to summarize the syntheses of KYNA derivatives with altered skeletons and to pinpoint an appealing transformation for future medicinal lead molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Lőrinczi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Szatmári
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary;
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Center, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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