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Zhang X, Ni W, Yue X, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Wang K, Dai W, Fu X. Synergistic effect between sulfur vacancies and S-scheme heterojunctions in WO 3/V S-Zn 3In 2S 6 for enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 reduction in H 2O vapor. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 678:233-245. [PMID: 39243723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Converting CO2 into CO, CH4, and other hydrocarbons using solar energy presents a viable approach for addressing energy shortages. In this study, photocatalysts with S-deficient WO3/Zn3In2S6 (WO3/VS-ZIS) S-scheme heterojunctions have been successfully synthesized. Under UV-vis light irradiation, 20 %WO3/VS-ZIS demonstrated significantly improved CO2 reduction activity and CH4 selectivity. Detailed characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the enhanced performance is due to the synergistic optimization of the S-scheme heterojunction and sulfur vacancies (VS) for CO2 reduction. The presence of VS aids in the adsorption and activation of CO2 and enhances the separation of charge carriers. The 2D/2D S-scheme heterostructure assembled with WO3 nanosheets not only accelerates the migration and separation of photoexcited charge carriers but also improves the adsorption of H2O and the formation of VS, thereby increasing the adsorption and activation of CO2 and facilitating the protonation of CO* to produce CH4. This study clarifies the synergistic effect of VS and S-scheme heterostructures in improving photocatalytic performance, offering valuable insights into the photoactivation process of CO2 at VS in S-scheme heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Wenkang Ni
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Xuanyu Yue
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Zizhong Zhang
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, PR China
| | - Ke Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Wenxin Dai
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China; Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, PR China.
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China.
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Palanisamy G, Kandasamy B, Lee J, Thangavelu P. Engineering 0D/2D design of zinc sulfide quantum dots encapsulated with yttrium tungstate nanosheets for improving decomposition of organic dyes and doxycycline hydrochloride drug. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 676:906-917. [PMID: 39068835 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Herein, it is demonstrated that 0D/2D design of zinc sulfide quantum dots encapsulated with yttrium tungstate nanosheets, which were subsequently used to increase the removal of brilliant blue (BB), methyl red (MR) dyes and doxycycline drug using UV-visible light. The produced ZnS-Y2WO6 nanohybrids exhibited excellent catalytic activity, reaching degradation efficiencies of around 89.92%, 80% and 85.51 % for BB, MR dyes and doxycycline drug, respectively, with a minimum irradiation duration of 120, 60 and 125 min. These nanohybrids outperformed Y2WO6 in terms of photocatalytic efficacy due to enhanced light absorption, efficient charge transfer, and decreased charge carrier recombination between ZnS and Y2WO6 nanoparticles. The synergistic combination of ZnS and Y2WO6 nanoparticles resulted in multiple active sites on the composite surface. Furthermore, the ZnS-Y2WO6 nanohybrids maintained excellent degradation efficiencies of 79.45% and 70.12% for BB and MR dyes, respectively, even after five consecutive cycles, with no significant loss of catalytic activity. The produced ZnS-Y2WO6 nanohybrids were thoroughly analyzed utilizing a variety of analytical methods. Furthermore, the degradation of organic dyes and doxycycline drug related possible mechanism were examined using experimental data, indicating the potential of ZnS-Y2WO6 nanohybrids as excellent photocatalytic materials for oxidizing organic dyes and drugs in aquatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindasamy Palanisamy
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bhuvaneswari Kandasamy
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University Delhi-NCR, Sonipat, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Pazhanivel Thangavelu
- Smart Materials Interface Laboratory, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
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Lang T, Yang J, Liu Y, Jiang A, Wu J, Chen J, Xie T, Qiu Q, Liang T. Dynamic properties of photogenerated charge in BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO ternary composites and its application for organic pollutants degradation. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:164707. [PMID: 37888760 DOI: 10.1063/5.0167021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based Materials have been extensively researched for their prospect in the fields of environment and energy, especially for graphene oxide (GO). In this work, a novel sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-assisted synthesis of BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO ternary composite has been synthesized successfully by a handy hydrothermal method. Photoluminescence, Photocurrent, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, surface photovoltage and transient photovoltage measurements illustrate that construction of p-n BiOBr/Bi2WO6 heterojunction leads to the obviously enhancement of charge separation efficiency, and the photogenerated electrons trapped by GO can effectively inhibit the recombination process of photogenerated charge, resulting in the improvement of charge separation efficiency and the longer lifetime of photogenerated carriers for BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO. The characterization of structure and morphology indicate that role of GO can also improve the visible light absorption range, and the SDS-assisted synthesis can reduce the size of particle in the composite and enhances the specific surface area of the composite by regulating the particle size and agglomeration. Under optimal conditions, BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO (SDS) has the outstanding photocatalytic degradation performance and the degradation rate constants for oxytetracycline, tetracycline hydrochloride, methylene blue and rhodamine are 0.056, 0.057, 0.103 and 0.414 min-1, respectively. Notably, the degradation rate constants obtained by BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO (SDS) are more ten times higher than that of pure BiOBr and Bi2WO6. The possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation was suggested for BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO based on the dynamic properties of photogenerated charge and reactive oxidation species results. Surprisingly, the recyclability of the BiOBr/Bi2WO6/GO (SDS) composite obtained from the cyclic experiments has laid a foundation for the study of efficient and stable photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lang
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayan Yang
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Awen Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfeng Xie
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Qiu
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongxiang Liang
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
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Fu X, Tao J, Zhao Z, Sun S, Zhao L, He Z, Gao Y, Xia Y. Interfacial S-O bonds specifically boost Z-scheme charge separation in a CuInS 2/In 2O 3 heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic activity. RSC Adv 2023; 13:8227-8237. [PMID: 36922941 PMCID: PMC10009657 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00043e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing the recombination rate of photoexcited electron-hole pairs is always a great challenging work for the photocatalytic technique. In response to this issue, herein, a novel Z-scheme CuInS2/In2O3 with interfacial S-O linkages was synthesized by a hydrothermal and subsequently annealing method. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) measurements confirmed the formation of covalent S-O bonds between CuInS2 and In2O3. The quenching and electron spin resonance (ESR) tests revealed the Z-scheme transfer route of photogenerated carriers over the CuInS2/In2O3 heterojunctions, which was further verified theoretically via density functional theory (DFT) calculations. As expected, the CuInS2/In2O3 heterojunctions showed significantly boosted photocatalytic activities for lomefloxacin degradation and Cr(vi) reduction under visible light illumination compared with the bare materials. Accordingly, a synergistic photocatalytic mechanism of Z-scheme heterostructures and interfacial S-O bonding was proposed, in which the S-O linkage could act as a specific bridge to modify the Z-scheme manner for accelerating the interfacial charge transmission. Furthermore, the CuInS2/In2O3 heterojunction also exhibited excellent performance perceived in the stability and reusability tests. This work provides a new approach for designing and fabricating novel Z-scheme heterostructures with a high-efficiency charge transfer route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Fu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China
| | - Junwu Tao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China
| | - Zizhou Zhao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China
| | - Siwen Sun
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China
| | - Zuming He
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
| | - Yong Gao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China
| | - Yongmei Xia
- School of Materials and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 China
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Biomimetic Catalysts Based on Au@TiO 2-MoS 2-CeO 2 Composites for the Production of Hydrogen by Water Splitting. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010363. [PMID: 36613813 PMCID: PMC9820641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by water splitting has been studied, using catalysts based on crystalline TiO2 nanowires (TiO2NWs), which were synthesized by a hydrothermal procedure. This nanomaterial was subsequently modified by incorporating different loadings (1%, 3% and 5%) of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the surface, previously exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets, and CeO2 nanoparticles (CeO2NPs). These nanomaterials, as well as the different synthesized catalysts, were characterized by electron microscopy (HR-SEM and HR-TEM), XPS, XRD, Raman, Reflectance and BET surface area. HER studies were performed in aqueous solution, under irradiation at different wavelengths (UV-visible), which were selected through the appropriate use of optical filters. The results obtained show that there is a synergistic effect between the different nanomaterials of the catalysts. The specific area of the catalyst, and especially the increased loading of MoS2 and CeO2NPs in the catalyst substantially improved the H2 production, with values of ca. 1114 μm/hg for the catalyst that had the best efficiency. Recyclability studies showed only a decrease in activity of approx. 7% after 15 cycles of use, possibly due to partial leaching of gold nanoparticles during catalyst use cycles. The results obtained in this research are certainly relevant and open many possibilities regarding the potential use and scaling of these heterostructures in the photocatalytic production of H2 from water.
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Peroxymonosulfate Activation by BaTiO3 Piezocatalyst. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12111452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) plays an important role in the advanced oxidation process for environmental remediation. In this study, barium titanate (BTO) piezocatalyst was selected for the activation of PMS driven by ultrasonic power. The degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) by BTO single component, PMS single component, and BTO/PMS double components were investigated. The results indicated that PMS can be efficiently activated by BTO under an ultrasound with an RhB degradation rate of 98% within 20 min. The ultrasound not only promoted the activation of the PMS itself, but the surface charge carriers of BTO induced by the ultrasound also contributed to the activation of PMS. ·O2−, ·OH, and ·SO4− radicals were found to be the main active species that participated in the reaction. In order to verify the reaction’s environmental applicability, amoxicillin (AMX) as a typical environmental pollutant was studied. BTO/PMS displayed 80% removal efficiency of AMX, and the products generated were less toxic as demonstrated by eco-toxicity comparison. This work provides a promising strategy to improve the utilization of ultrasonic energy and apply it to the field of environmental pollutants treatment.
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Thiacalix[4]arene-functionalized magnetic xanthan gum (TC4As-XG@FeO) as a hydrogel adsorbent for removal of dye and pesticide. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Li S, Zhang J, Cao Y, Yang Y, Xie T, Lin Y. Visible light assisted heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine B based on the Co-POM/N-TiO2 composites: Catalyst properties, photogenerated carrier transfer and degradation mechanism. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Zhou Y, Yang J, Luo X, Li Y, Qiu Q, Xie T. Selection, Preparation and Application of Quantum Dots in Perovskite Solar Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9482. [PMID: 36012746 PMCID: PMC9409050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the third generation of new thin-film solar cells, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted much attention for their excellent photovoltaic performance. Today, PSCs have reported the highest photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.5%, which is an encouraging value, very close to the highest PCE of the most widely used silicon-based solar cells. However, scholars have found that PSCs have problems of being easily decomposed under ultraviolet (UV) light, poor stability, energy level mismatch and severe hysteresis, which greatly limit their industrialization. As unique materials, quantum dots (QDs) have many excellent properties and have been widely used in PSCs to address the issues mentioned above. In this article, we describe the application of various QDs as additives in different layers of PSCs, as luminescent down-shifting materials, and directly as electron transport layers (ETL), light-absorbing layers and hole transport layers (HTL). The addition of QDs optimizes the energy level arrangement within the device, expands the range of light utilization, passivates defects on the surface of the perovskite film and promotes electron and hole transport, resulting in significant improvements in both PCE and stability. We summarize in detail the role of QDs in PSCs, analyze the perspective and associated issues of QDs in PSCs, and finally offer our insights into the future direction of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Zhou
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jiayan Yang
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xingrui Luo
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qingqing Qiu
- Engineering Research Center for Hydrogen Energy Materials and Devices, College of Rare Earths, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hong Qi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Tengfeng Xie
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Su M, Li H, He X, Xu Z. Significant enhancement of pesticide and organic dyes degradation by ion-exchange within a metal–organic framework. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Guo B, Liu B, Wang C, Wang Y, Yin S, Han W. WS 2/In 2S 3 composite photocatalyst for photocatalytic H 2 generation and pollutant degradation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00190j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Z-scheme WS2/In2S3 photocatalyst with a bi-layered sheet-like structure was designed to promote separation and transfer of photocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrong Guo
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Light Conversion Materials & Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bin Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Light Conversion Materials & Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chaoli Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Light Conversion Materials & Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Light Conversion Materials & Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- School of Materials and Energy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shu Yin
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Weihua Han
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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WITHDRAWN: Visible light assisted heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like degradation of Rhodamine B based on the Co-POM/N-TiO2 composites: Catalyst properties, photogenerated carrier transfer and degradation mechanism. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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