1
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Wang H, Mills J, Sun B, Cui H. Therapeutic Supramolecular Polymers: Designs and Applications. Prog Polym Sci 2024; 148:101769. [PMID: 38188703 PMCID: PMC10769153 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The self-assembly of low-molecular-weight building motifs into supramolecular polymers has unlocked a new realm of materials with distinct properties and tremendous potential for advancing medical practices. Leveraging the reversible and dynamic nature of non-covalent interactions, these supramolecular polymers exhibit inherent responsiveness to their microenvironment, physiological cues, and biomolecular signals, making them uniquely suited for diverse biomedical applications. In this review, we intend to explore the principles of design, synthesis methodologies, and strategic developments that underlie the creation of supramolecular polymers as carriers for therapeutics, contributing to the treatment and prevention of a spectrum of human diseases. We delve into the principles underlying monomer design, emphasizing the pivotal role of non-covalent interactions, directionality, and reversibility. Moreover, we explore the intricate balance between thermodynamics and kinetics in supramolecular polymerization, illuminating strategies for achieving controlled sizes and distributions. Categorically, we examine their exciting biomedical applications: individual polymers as discrete carriers for therapeutics, delving into their interactions with cells, and in vivo dynamics; and supramolecular polymeric hydrogels as injectable depots, with a focus on their roles in cancer immunotherapy, sustained drug release, and regenerative medicine. As the field continues to burgeon, harnessing the unique attributes of therapeutic supramolecular polymers holds the promise of transformative impacts across the biomedical landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jason Mills
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Boran Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Institute for NanoBiotechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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2
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Chamarthy S, Mekala JR. Functional importance of glucose transporters and chromatin epigenetic factors in Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM): possible therapeutics. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1441-1469. [PMID: 37093461 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer affecting glial cells and is chemo- and radio-resistant. Glucose is considered the most vital energy source for cancer cell proliferation. During metabolism, hexose molecules will be transported into the cells via transmembrane proteins known as glucose transporter (GLUT). Among them, GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 play pivotal roles in glucose transport in GBM. Knockdown studies have established the role of GLUT-1, and GLUT-3 mediated glucose transport in GBM cells, providing insight into GLUT-mediated cancer signaling and cancer aggressiveness. This review focussed on the vital role of GLUT-1 and GLUT-3 proteins, which regulate glucose transport. Recent studies have identified the role of GLUT inhibitors in effective cancer prevention. Several of them are in clinical trials. Understanding and functional approaches towards glucose-mediated cell metabolism and chromatin epigenetics will provide valuable insights into the mechanism of cancer aggressiveness, cancer stemness, and chemo-resistance in Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). This review summarizes the role of GLUT inhibitors, micro-RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs that aid in inhibiting glucose uptake by the GBM cells and other cancer cells leading to the identification of potential therapeutic, prognostic as well as diagnostic markers. Furthermore, the involvement of epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs, in regulating glycolytic genes was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahiti Chamarthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522302, India
| | - Janaki Ramaiah Mekala
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF), Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522302, India.
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3
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Martins AM, Brito A, Barbato MG, Felici A, Reis RL, Pires RA, Pashkuleva I, Decuzzi P. Efficacy of molecular and nano-therapies on brain tumor models in microfluidic devices. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 144:213227. [PMID: 36470174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) organization of cells affects their mobility, proliferation, and overall response to treatment. Spheroids, organoids, and microfluidic chips are used in cancer research to reproduce in vitro the complex and dynamic malignant microenvironment. Herein, single- and double-channel microfluidic devices are used to mimic the spatial organization of brain tumors and investigate the therapeutic efficacy of molecular and nano anti-cancer agents. Human glioblastoma multiforme (U87-MG) cells were cultured into a Matrigel matrix embedded within the microfluidic devices and exposed to different doses of free docetaxel (DTXL), docetaxel-loaded spherical polymeric nanoparticles (DTXL-SPN), and the aromatic N-glucoside N-(fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-glucosamine-6-phosphate (Fmoc-Glc6P). We observed that in the single-channel microfluidic device, brain tumor cells are more susceptible to DTXL treatment as compared to conventional cell monolayers (50-fold lower IC50 values). In the double-channel device, the cytotoxicity of free DTXL and DTXL-SPN is comparable, but significantly lowered as compared to the single-channel configuration. Finally, the administration of 500 μM Fmoc-Glc6P in the double-channel microfluidic device shows a 50 % U87-MG cell survival after only 24 h, and no deleterious effect on human astrocytes over 72 h. Concluding, the proposed microfluidic chips can be used to reproduce the 3D complex spatial arrangement of solid tumors and to assess the anti-cancer efficacy of therapeutic compounds administrated in situ or systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Martins
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Alexandra Brito
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Maria Grazia Barbato
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Alessia Felici
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ricardo A Pires
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Iva Pashkuleva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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4
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Xiao Y, Chen P, Lei S, Bai F, Fu L, Lin J, Huang P. Biocatalytic Depletion of Tumorigenic Energy Sources Driven by Cascade Reactions for Efficient Antitumor Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204584. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Ping Xiao
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Peng‐Hang Chen
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Shan Lei
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Fang Bai
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Lian‐Hua Fu
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Jing Lin
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Peng Huang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
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5
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Xiao YP, Chen PH, Lei S, Bai F, Fu LH, Lin J, Huang P. Biocatalytic Depletion of Tumorigenic Energy Sources Driven by Cascade Reactions for Efficient Antitumor Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shan Lei
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine CHINA
| | - Fang Bai
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine CHINA
| | - Lian-Hua Fu
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine CHINA
| | - Jing Lin
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine CHINA
| | - Peng Huang
- Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Ave, Nanshan 518060 Shenzhen CHINA
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6
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Zhou Z, Maxeiner K, Moscariello P, Xiang S, Wu Y, Ren Y, Whitfield CJ, Xu L, Kaltbeitzel A, Han S, Mücke D, Qi H, Wagner M, Kaiser U, Landfester K, Lieberwirth I, Ng DYW, Weil T. In Situ Assembly of Platinum(II)-Metallopeptide Nanostructures Disrupts Energy Homeostasis and Cellular Metabolism. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12219-12228. [PMID: 35729777 PMCID: PMC9284552 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructure-based functions are omnipresent in nature and essential for the diversity of life. Unlike small molecules, which are often inhibitors of enzymes or biomimetics with established methods of elucidation, we show that functions of nanoscale structures in cells are complex and can implicate system-level effects such as the regulation of energy and redox homeostasis. Herein, we design a platinum(II)-containing tripeptide that assembles into intracellular fibrillar nanostructures upon molecular rearrangement in the presence of endogenous H2O2. The formed nanostructures blocked metabolic functions, including aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, thereby shutting down ATP production. As a consequence, ATP-dependent actin formation and glucose metabolite-dependent histone deacetylase activity are downregulated. We demonstrate that assembly-driven nanomaterials offer a rich avenue to achieve broad-spectrum bioactivities that could provide new opportunities in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixuan Zhou
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Konrad Maxeiner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Siyuan Xiang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yingke Wu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yong Ren
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Lujuan Xu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Shen Han
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Mücke
- Central Facility of Materials Science Electron Microscopy, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Haoyuan Qi
- Central Facility of Materials Science Electron Microscopy, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry & Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ute Kaiser
- Central Facility of Materials Science Electron Microscopy, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - David Y W Ng
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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7
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Liang Z, Pang H, Zeng G, Chen T. Bioorthogonal Light-Up Fluorescent Probe Enables Wash-Free Real-Time Dynamic Monitoring of Cellular Glucose Uptake. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8293-8301. [PMID: 35639666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As a significant energy source for living systems, the aberrant cellular glucose uptake is seriously implicated in numerous metabolic diseases. Unfortunately, current shortage of robust tools leaves the limitation to understand its precise biology. Herein we presented a bioorthogonal light-up fluorescent probe consist of two reagents, Glu-HT-Me+AzGlu2, for rapidly responsive (within 25 min), highly specific and sensitive (20-folds enhancement) detection of live-cell glucose uptake based on arylphosphine-induced a-PET effect and Staudinger ligation. Especially, taking the advantage of wash-free characteristic, the probe displayed the real-time dynamic monitoring of cellular glucose uptake. Furthermore, it was successfully capable of not only differentiating cancer cells from normal cells, but also allowing evaluation of anticancer/glycolysis/transport mediated glucose flux. Importantly, it was employed to monitor the fluctuations of glucose uptake in a doxycycline-inducible K-rasG12 V expression oncogenic cell system, implying its potential as a valuable tool to explore glucose uptake biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Huaiting Pang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Guanling Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Tongsheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.,SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 511517, China
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8
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Kim BJ. Enzyme-Instructed Self-Assembly of Peptides: From Concept to Representative Applications. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200094. [PMID: 35213091 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-instructed self-assembly, integrating enzymatic reaction and molecular self-assembly, has drawn noticeable attention over the last decade with the intension of being used in valuable applications. Recent advances in the field allow it possible to spatiotemporally control peptide self-assembly in cellular milieu, broadening the potential applications of peptide assemblies to cancer therapy and subcellular delivery. In this minireview, the concept of enzyme-instructed self-assembly of peptide, containing enzymatic trigger and spatiotemporal control, is described. Representative applications in cells are also discussed, followed by outlook on the field of enzyme-instructed self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Jin Kim
- University of Ulsan, Chemistry, 12, Techno Industrial Complex-ro, 55 beon-gil, 4776, Ulsan, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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9
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Moynihan E, Bassi G, Ruffini A, Panseri S, Montesi M, Velasco-Torrijos T, Montagner D. Click Pt(IV)-Carbohydrates Pro-Drugs for Treatment of Osteosarcoma. Front Chem 2021; 9:795997. [PMID: 34950638 PMCID: PMC8688915 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.795997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The selectivity vs. cancer cells has always been a major challenge for chemotherapeutic agents and in particular for cisplatin, one of the most important anticancer drugs for the treatment of several types of tumors. One strategy to overtake this challenge is to modify the coordination sphere of the metallic center with specific vectors whose receptors are overexpressed in the tumoral cell membrane, such as monosaccharides. In this paper, we report the synthesis of four novel glyco-modified Pt(IV) pro-drugs, based on cisplatin scaffold, and their biological activity against osteosarcoma (OS), a malignant tumor affecting in particular adolescents and young adults. The sugar moiety and the Pt scaffold are linked exploiting the Copper Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition (CUAAC) reaction, which has become the flagship of click chemistry due to its versatility and mild conditions. Cytotoxicity and drug uptake on three different OS cell lines as well as CSCs (Cancer Stem Cell) are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eoin Moynihan
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Giada Bassi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Andrea Ruffini
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Silvia Panseri
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Monica Montesi
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council, Faenza, Italy
| | - Trinidad Velasco-Torrijos
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland.,Kathleen Londsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Diego Montagner
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland.,Kathleen Londsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
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10
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Tong KC, Wan PK, Lok CN, Che CM. Dynamic supramolecular self-assembly of platinum(ii) complexes perturbs an autophagy-lysosomal system and triggers cancer cell death. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15229-15238. [PMID: 34976343 PMCID: PMC8635173 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02841c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of platinum(ii) complexes to form supramolecular structures/nanostructures due to intermolecular ligand π-π stacking and metal-ligand dispersive interactions is widely used to develop functional molecular materials, but the application of such non-covalent molecular interactions has scarcely been explored in medical science. Herein is described the unprecedented biological properties of platinum(ii) complexes relevant to induction of cancer cell death via manifesting such intermolecular interactions. With conjugation of a glucose moiety to the planar platinum(ii) terpyridyl scaffold, the water-soluble complex [Pt(tpy)(C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CArOGlu)](CF3SO3) (1a, tpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine, Glu = glucose) is able to self-assemble into about 100 nm nanoparticles in physiological medium, be taken up by lung cancer cells via energy-dependent endocytosis, and eventually transform into other superstructures distributed in endosomal/lysosomal and mitochondrial compartments apparently following cleavage of the glycosidic linkage. Accompanying the formation of platinum-containing superstructures are increased autophagic vacuole formation, lysosomal membrane permeabilization, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization, as well as anti-tumor activity of 1a in a mouse xenograft model. These findings highlight the dynamic, multi-stage extracellular and intracellular supramolecular self-assembly of planar platinum(ii) complexes driven by modular intermolecular interactions with potential anti-cancer application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Chung Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China .,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Pui-Ki Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China .,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Chun-Nam Lok
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China .,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China .,Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F., Building 17W, Hong Kong Science Park, New Territories Hong Kong China
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11
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12
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Li Y, Liu S, Liang M, Cui Y, Zhao H, Gao Q. Glycocalixarene with luminescence for Warburg effect-mediated tumor imaging and targeted drug delivery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9728-9731. [PMID: 34474461 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04169j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescently labeled calix[4]arene glycoconjugates demonstrate multifunctional potential in both Warburg effect mediated tumor imaging and GLUT1 targeted drug delivery. Nitrobenzoxadiazole and mannose conjugated NBD-Man-CA was found to be selectively recognized by GLUT1 and act as a "molecular carrier" for selective tumor targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Shengnan Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Min Liang
- Central Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, CSPC Pharmaceutical Group, 226 Huanghe Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, P. R. China
| | - Yujun Cui
- Transplantation Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, 24 Fukang Road, Nankai, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Qingzhi Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
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13
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Yuen R, Wagner M, Richter S, Dufour J, Wuest M, West FG, Wuest F. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of positron emission tomography/fluorescence dual imaging probes for targeting facilitated glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3241-3254. [PMID: 33885579 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00199j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Increased energy metabolism followed by enhanced glucose consumption is a hallmark of cancer. Most cancer cells show overexpression of facilitated hexose transporter GLUT1, including breast cancer. GLUT1 is the main transporter for 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (2-[18F]FDG), the gold standard of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in oncology. The present study's goal was to develop novel glucose-based dual imaging probes for their use in tandem PET and fluorescence (Fl) imaging. A glucosamine scaffold tagged with a fluorophore and an 18F-label should confer selectivity to GLUT1. Out of five different compounds, 2-deoxy-2-((7-sulfonylfluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino)-d-glucose (2-FBDG) possessed favorable fluorescent properties and a similar potency as 2-deoxy-2-((7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino)-d-glucose (2-NBDG) in competing for GLUT1 transport against 2-[18F]FDG in breast cancer cells. Radiolabeling with 18F was achieved through the synthesis of prosthetic group 7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonyl [18F]fluoride ([18F]FBDF) followed by the reaction with glucosamine. The radiotracer was finally analyzed in vivo in a breast cancer xenograft model and compared to 2-[18F]FDG. Despite favourable in vitro fluorescence imaging properties, 2-[18F]FBDG was found to lack metabolic stability in vivo, resulting in radiodefluorination. Glucose-based 2-[18F]FBDG represents a novel dual-probe for GLUT1 imaging using FI and PET with the potential for further structural optimization for improved metabolic stability in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Yuen
- Department of Chemistry, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G2.
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14
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Rütter M, Milošević N, David A. Say no to drugs: Bioactive macromolecular therapeutics without conventional drugs. J Control Release 2020; 330:1191-1207. [PMID: 33207257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The vast majority of nanomedicines (NM) investigated today consists of a macromolecular carrier and a drug payload (conjugated or encapsulated), with a purpose of preferential delivery of the drug to the desired site of action, either through passive accumulation, or by active targeting via ligand-receptor interaction. Several drug delivery systems (DDS) have already been approved for clinical use. However, recent reports are corroborating the notion that NM do not necessarily need to include a drug payload, but can exert biological effects through specific binding/blocking of important target proteins at the site of action. The seminal work of Kopeček et al. on N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymers containing biorecognition motifs (peptides or oligonucleotides) for crosslinking cell surface non-internalizing receptors of malignant cells and inducing their apoptosis, without containing any low molecular weight drug, led to the definition of a special group of NM, termed Drug-Free Macromolecular Therapeutics (DFMT). Systems utilizing this approach are typically designed to employ pendant targeting-ligands on the same macromolecule to facilitate multivalent interactions with receptors. The lack of conventional small molecule drugs reduces toxicity and adverse effects at off-target sites. In this review, we describe different types of DFMT that possess biological activity without attached low molecular weight drugs. We classified the relevant research into several groups by their mechanisms of action, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of these different approaches. We show that identification of target sites, specificity of attached targeting ligands, binding affinity and the synthesis of carriers of defined size and ligand spacing are crucial aspects of DFMT development. We further discuss how knowledge in the field of NM accumulated in the past few decades can help in the design of a successful DFMT to speed up the translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Rütter
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Nenad Milošević
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Ayelet David
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel.
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15
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Brito A, Pereira PMR, Reis RL, Ulijn RV, Lewis JS, Pires RA, Pashkuleva I. Aromatic carbohydrate amphiphile disrupts cancer spheroids and prevents relapse. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:19088-19092. [PMID: 32955076 PMCID: PMC7541621 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05008c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Spheroids recapitulate the organization, heterogeneity and microenvironment of solid tumors. Herein, we targeted spatiotemporally the accelerated metabolism of proliferative cells located on the spheroid surface that ensure structure maintenance and/or growth. We demonstrate that phosphorylated carbohydrate amphiphile acts as a potent antimetabolite due to glycolysis inhibition and to in situ formation of supramolecular net around spheroid surface where alkaline phosphatase is overexpressed. The efficiency of the treatment is higher in spheroids as compared to the conventional 2D cultures because of the 2-fold higher expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). Moreover, treated spheroids do not undergo following relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Brito
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. and ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal and Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, USA and Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | | | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. and ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rein V Ulijn
- Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC) at the Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), 85 St Nicholas Terrace, New York, New York 10031, USA and Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York 10065, USA and PhD programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, USA and Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA and Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA and Radiochemistry and Molecular Imaging Probes Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ricardo A Pires
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. and ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Iva Pashkuleva
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal. and ICVS/3Bs - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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16
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Abstract
Enzymatic reactions and noncovalent (i.e., supramolecular) interactions are two fundamental nongenetic attributes of life. Enzymatic noncovalent synthesis (ENS) refers to a process where enzymatic reactions control intermolecular noncovalent interactions for spatial organization of higher-order molecular assemblies that exhibit emergent properties and functions. Like enzymatic covalent synthesis (ECS), in which an enzyme catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds to generate individual molecules, ENS is a unifying theme for understanding the functions, morphologies, and locations of molecular ensembles in cellular environments. This review intends to provide a summary of the works of ENS within the past decade and emphasize ENS for functions. After comparing ECS and ENS, we describe a few representative examples where nature uses ENS, as a rule of life, to create the ensembles of biomacromolecules for emergent properties/functions in a myriad of cellular processes. Then, we focus on ENS of man-made (synthetic) molecules in cell-free conditions, classified by the types of enzymes. After that, we introduce the exploration of ENS of man-made molecules in the context of cells by discussing intercellular, peri/intracellular, and subcellular ENS for cell morphogenesis, molecular imaging, cancer therapy, and other applications. Finally, we provide a perspective on the promises of ENS for developing molecular assemblies/processes for functions. This review aims to be an updated introduction for researchers who are interested in exploring noncovalent synthesis for developing molecular science and technologies to address societal needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian He
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Weiyi Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Meihui Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Adrianna N Shy
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
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