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Verma G, Yadav G, Li W. Thin-film dynamics unveils interplay between light momentum and fluid mechanics. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:123-126. [PMID: 36563379 DOI: 10.1364/ol.479860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We quantitatively measure the nanomechanical dynamics of a water surface excited by the radiation pressure of a Gaussian/annular laser beam of incidence near total internal reflection (TIR). Notably, the radiation pressure near TIR allowed us to induce a pushing force (Abraham's momentum of light) for a wide annular Gaussian beam excitation of the thin-film regime of water, which, to the best of our knowledge, has never been observed with nanometric precision previously. Our finding suggests that the observation of either/both Abraham's and Minkowski's theories can be witnessed by the interplay between optics and fluid mechanics. Furthermore, we demonstrate the first, to the best of our knowledge, simultaneous measurement of Abraham's and Minkowski's momenta emerging in a single setup with a single laser shot. Our experimental results are strongly backed by numerical simulations performed with realistic experimental parameters and offer a broad range of light applications in optofluidics and light-actuated micromechanics.
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Verma G, Yadav G, Saraj CS, Li L, Miljkovic N, Delville JP, Li W. A versatile interferometric technique for probing the thermophysical properties of complex fluids. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:115. [PMID: 35484109 PMCID: PMC9051125 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Laser-induced thermocapillary deformation of liquid surfaces has emerged as a promising tool to precisely characterize the thermophysical properties of pure fluids. However, challenges arise for nanofluid (NF) and soft bio-fluid systems where the direct interaction of the laser generates an intriguing interplay between heating, momentum, and scattering forces which can even damage soft biofluids. Here, we report a versatile, pump-probe-based, rapid, and non-contact interferometric technique that resolves interface dynamics of complex fluids with the precision of ~1 nm in thick-film and 150 pm in thin-film regimes below the thermal limit without the use of lock-in or modulated beams. We characterize the thermophysical properties of complex NF in three exclusively different types of configurations. First, when the NF is heated from the bottom through an opaque substrate, we demonstrate that our methodology permits the measurement of thermophysical properties (viscosity, surface tension, and diffusivity) of complex NF and biofluids. Second, in a top illumination configuration, we show a precise characterization of NF by quantitively isolating the competing forces, taking advantage of the different time scales of these forces. Third, we show the measurement of NF confined in a metal cavity, in which the transient thermoelastic deformation of the metal surface provides the properties of the NF as well as thermo-mechanical properties of the metal. Our results reveal how the dissipative nature of the heatwave allows us to investigate thick-film dynamics in the thin-film regime, thereby suggesting a general approach for precision measurements of complex NFs, biofluids, and optofluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Verma
- GPL Photonics Lab, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130033, Changchun, China.
| | - Gyanendra Yadav
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Chaudry Sajed Saraj
- GPL Photonics Lab, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Longnan Li
- GPL Photonics Lab, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130033, Changchun, China
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | | | - Wei Li
- GPL Photonics Lab, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130033, Changchun, China.
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