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Cruz JM, Díaz-Hernández O, Castañeda-Jonapá A, Morales-Padrón G, Estudillo A, Salgado-García R. Active chiral dynamics and boundary accumulation phenomenon in confined camphor particles. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1199-1209. [PMID: 38226731 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01407j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we perform experimental and numerical investigations on the dynamics of camphor-infused discs, well-established as active particles in their behavior. Our analysis focuses on examining the individual dynamics of these discs within a confined circular domain, revealing that they exhibit characteristics akin to active chiral particles. To characterize this behavior effectively, we introduce a methodology for estimating key model parameter values from our experiments, including linear velocity, angular velocity, and angular noise intensity. To validate our findings, we compare our experimental results with numerical simulations of the model. Our results demonstrate a striking phenomenon associated with camphor-infused discs: a pronounced accumulation of particles along the boundary. This intriguing observation suggests the occurrence of an attractive interaction between the active particles and the boundary, resulting in a kind of adsorption effect. The latter results in the confinement of the camphor disc along the Petri dish wall, which we refer to as sliding dynamics. We empirically determine the velocity of the particle along the Petri dish wall as well as its fluctuations, properties whose behavior notably deviates from the bulk dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- José-Manuel Cruz
- Facultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Orlando Díaz-Hernández
- Facultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Andrés Castañeda-Jonapá
- Facultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Gustavo Morales-Padrón
- Facultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Alberto Estudillo
- Facultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | - Raúl Salgado-García
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209, Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico.
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Zahorán R, Kumar P, Horváth D, Tóth Á. Self-propulsion of a calcium alginate surfer. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:8033-8039. [PMID: 37842822 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01026k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
A droplet of sodium alginate dripped into calcium chloride solution results in plate or boat shaped hydrogels. Both exhibit several minute-long self-propelled motion on the liquid surface without any extra fuel added, offering a new method to making active materials. By changing the initial concentrations, we are able to tune the transient dynamic activities from translational to rotational or stop-and-run motion. Dynamics are governed by osmotic pressure induced Marangoni effect, depending on the density difference and initial concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Zahorán
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1., Szeged, H-6720, Hungary.
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1., Szeged, H-6720, Hungary.
| | - Dezső Horváth
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1., Szeged, H-6720, Hungary
| | - Ágota Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1., Szeged, H-6720, Hungary.
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Dixit S, Chotalia A, Shukla S, Roy T, Parmananda P. Pathway selection by an active droplet. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6844-6850. [PMID: 37655779 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00610g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the movement of an active 1-pentanol drop within a closed Y-shaped channel subjected to geometrical and chemical asymmetry. A Y-shaped channel was configured with an angle of 120° between any two arms, which serves as the closed area of movement for the active drop. The arm where the 1-pentanol drop is introduced in the beginning is considered the source arm, and the center of the Y-shaped structure is the decision region. The drop always selects a specific route to move away from the decision region. The total probability of pathway selection excludes the possibility of the drop choosing the source channel. Remarkably, the active drop exhibits a strong sense of navigation for both geometrically and chemically asymmetric environments with accuracy rates of 80% and 100%, respectively. The pathway selection in a chemically asymmetric channel is a demonstration of the artificial negative chemotaxis, where the extra confined drop acts as a chemo-repellent. To develop a better understanding of our observations, a numerical model is constructed, wherein the particle is subjected to a net force which is a combined form of - (i) Yukawa-like repulsive interaction force (acting between the drop and the walls), (ii) a self-propulsion force, (iii) a drag, and (iv) a stochastic force. The numerics can capture all the experimental findings both qualitatively and quantitatively. Finally, a statistical analysis validates conclusions derived from both experiments and numerics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Dixit
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 076, India.
| | - Aarsh Chotalia
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 076, India.
| | - Shantanu Shukla
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 076, India
| | - Tanushree Roy
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 076, India.
| | - P Parmananda
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 076, India.
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Jain R, Sharma J, Tiwari I, Gadre SD, Kumarasamy S, Parmananda P, Prasad A. In-phase and mixed-phase measure synchronization of camphor rotors. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:024217. [PMID: 37723774 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.024217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The numerical, analytical, and experimental analyses are presented for synchronizing two rotors under the Yukawa interaction. We report that the rotors exhibit in-phase and mixed-phase measure synchronizations for a pair of coupled rotors. Here, the analytical condition for synchronization is derived, tested numerically, and confirmed experimentally using coupled camphor infused rotors as a test bed. Moreover, the concept of measure synchronization is discussed. We report that, in conservative systems, not only the critical coupling parameter but initial conditions also play an essential role for estimating the measure synchronization region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Jain
- Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Ishant Tiwari
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | | | - Suresh Kumarasamy
- Centre for Nonlinear Systems, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai 600069, India
| | - P Parmananda
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Awadhesh Prasad
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Tiwari I, Parmananda P. How to capture active Marangoni surfers. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2710-2715. [PMID: 36779912 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01472f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Surfers at the air-water interface form a large subset of the domain of active matter systems. They range from the water strider in the biological world to soluto-capillary effect driven artificial boats. In this work, we propose a general protocol to capture soluto-capillary effect driven interfacial surfers. By locally modifying the air-water interface using the perturbation from a micro-air-pump, these boats are reliably captured in the region of influence (ROI) of the perturbation. The surfers begin to explore the available space freely again once the perturbation is switched off. This method is successfully generalized to a couple of distinct surface-active chemicals used as fuel for the boats. Control experiments involving passive particles validate the results as being significantly better than purely mechanical "herding" of the particles. A possible mechanism behind the observed "trapping" is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishant Tiwari
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology - Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India.
| | - P Parmananda
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology - Bombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India.
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Jain R, Sharma J, Tiwari I, Gadre SD, Kumarasamy S, Parmananda P, Prasad A. Generation of aperiodic motion due to sporadic collisions of camphor ribbons. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:024201. [PMID: 36109890 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.024201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present numerical and experimental results for the generation of aperiodic motion in coupled active rotators. The numerical analysis is presented for two point particles constrained to move on a unit circle under the Yukawa-like interaction. Simulations exhibit that the collision among the rotors results in chaotic motion of the rotating point particles. Furthermore, the numerical model predicts a route to chaotic motion. Subsequently, we explore the effect of separation between the rotors on their chaotic dynamics. The numerically calculated fraction of initial conditions which led to chaotic motion shed light on the observed effects. We reproduce a subset of the numerical observations with two self-propelled ribbons rotating at the air-water interface. A pinned camphor rotor moves at the interface due to the Marangoni forces generated by surface tension imbalance around it. The camphor layer present at the common water surface acts as chemical coupling between two ribbons. The separation distance of ribbons (L) determines the nature of coupled dynamics. Below a critical distance (L_{T}), rotors can potentially, by virtue of collisions, exhibit aperiodic oscillations characterized via a mixture of co- and counterrotating oscillations. These aperiodic dynamics qualitatively matched the chaotic motion observed in the numerical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Jain
- Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Ishant Tiwari
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | | | - Suresh Kumarasamy
- Centre for Nonlinear Systems, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai 600069, India
| | - P Parmananda
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Awadhesh Prasad
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Tiwari I, Phogat R, Biswas A, Parmananda P, Sinha S. Quenching of oscillations in a liquid metal via attenuated coupling. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:L032201. [PMID: 35428135 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.l032201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a quenching of oscillations observed upon coupling two chemomechanical oscillators. Each one of these oscillators consists of a drop of liquid metal submerged in an oxidizing solution. These pseudoidentical oscillators have been shown to exhibit both periodic and aperiodic oscillatory behavior. In the experiments performed on these oscillators, we find that coupling two such oscillators via an attenuated resistive coupling leads the coupled system towards an oscillation quenched state. To further comprehend these experimental observations, we numerically explore and verify the presence of similar oscillation quenching in a model of coupled Hindmarsh-Rose (HR) systems. A linear stability analysis of this HR system reveals that attenuated coupling induces a change in eigenvalues of the relevant Jacobian, leading to stable quenched oscillation states. Additionally, the analysis yields a threshold of attenuation for oscillation quenching that is consistent with the value observed in numerics. So this phenomenon, demonstrated through experiments, as well as simulations and analysis of a model system, suggests a powerful natural mechanism that can potentially suppress periodic and aperiodic oscillations in coupled nonlinear systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishant Tiwari
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Richa Phogat
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Animesh Biswas
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - P Parmananda
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sudeshna Sinha
- Department of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, SAS Nagar, Sector 81, Manauli, P.O. Box 140306, Punjab, India
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Sharma J, Tiwari I, Parmananda P, Rivera M. Aperiodic bursting dynamics of active rotors. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:014216. [PMID: 35193313 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.014216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report experiments on an active camphor rotor. A camphor rotor is prepared by infusing camphor on a regular rectangular paper strip. It performs self-propelled motion at the air-water interface due to Marangoni driven forces. After some transient (periodic) dynamics, the rotor enters into the aperiodic bursting regime, which is characterized as an irregularly repeated rest (halt) and run (motion) of the rotor. Subsequently, this aperiodic (irregular) rotor is entrained to a periodic (regular) regime with the help of a suitable external periodic forcing. Furthermore, we conducted experiments on two such coupled aperiodic camphor rotors. In this set of experiments, synchronized bursting was observed. During this bursting motion, one rotor follows the movement of the other rotor. A numerical point particle model, incorporating excitable underlying equations, successfully replicated experimentally observed aperiodic bursting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Sharma
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - Ishant Tiwari
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - P Parmananda
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India
| | - M Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias-(IICBA), UAEM, Avenida Universidad 1001, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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