1
|
Jia G, Wang J, Wang H, Hu X, Long F, Yuan C, Liang C, Wang F. New insights into red blood cells in tumor precision diagnosis and treatment. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11863-11878. [PMID: 38841898 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01454e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs), which function as material transporters in organisms, are rich in materials that are exchanged with metabolically active tumor cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that tumor cells can regulate biological changes in RBCs, including influencing differentiation, maturation, and morphology. RBCs play an important role in tumor development and immune regulation. Notably, the novel scientific finding that RBCs absorb fragments of tumor-carrying DNA overturns the conventional wisdom that RBCs do not contain nucleic acids. RBC membranes are excellent biomimetic materials with significant advantages in terms of their biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, non-specific adsorption resistance, and biodegradability. Therefore, RBCs provide a new research perspective for the development of tumor liquid biopsies, molecular imaging, drug delivery, and other tumor precision diagnosis and treatment technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaihua Jia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, China.
| | - Hu Wang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Fei Long
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Chunhui Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430016, China.
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Tumor Liquid Biopsy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang DG, Pan YJ, Chen BQ, Lu XC, Xu QX, Wang P, Kankala RK, Jiang NN, Wang SB, Chen AZ. Protein-guided biomimetic nanomaterials: a versatile theranostic nanoplatform for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1633-1649. [PMID: 38168813 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05495k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, bioinspired mineralization-based approaches have been applied to synthesize multifunctional organic-inorganic nanocomposites. These nanocomposites can address the growing demands of modern biomedical applications. Proteins, serving as vital biological templates, play a pivotal role in the nucleation and growth processes of various organic-inorganic nanocomposites. Protein-mineralized nanomaterials (PMNMs) have attracted significant interest from researchers due to their facile and convenient preparation, strong physiological activity, stability, impressive biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Nevertheless, few comprehensive reviews have expounded on the progress of these nanomaterials in biomedicine. This article systematically reviews the principles and strategies for constructing nanomaterials using protein-directed biomineralization and biomimetic mineralization techniques. Subsequently, we focus on their recent applications in the biomedical field, encompassing areas such as bioimaging, as well as anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory therapies. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges encountered in practical applications of these materials and explore their potential in future applications. This review aspired to catalyze the continued development of these bioinspired nanomaterials in drug development and clinical diagnosis, ultimately contributing to the fields of precision medicine and translational medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Gui Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Yu-Jing Pan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Biao-Qi Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Xiao-Chang Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Qin-Xi Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Ni-Na Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Ai-Zheng Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology & Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei J, Liu C, Liang W, Yang X, Han S. Advances in optical molecular imaging for neural visualization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1250594. [PMID: 37671191 PMCID: PMC10475611 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1250594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Iatrogenic nerve injury is a significant complication in surgery, which can negatively impact patients' quality of life. Currently, the main clinical neuroimaging methods, such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and high-resolution ultrasonography, do not offer precise real-time positioning images for doctors during surgery. The clinical application of optical molecular imaging technology has led to the emergence of new concepts such as optical molecular imaging surgery, targeted surgery, and molecular-guided surgery. These advancements have made it possible to directly visualize surgical target areas, thereby providing a novel method for real-time identification of nerves during surgery planning. Unlike traditional white light imaging, optical molecular imaging technology enables precise positioning and identifies the cation of intraoperative nerves through the presentation of color images. Although a large number of experiments and data support its development, there are few reports on its actual clinical application. This paper summarizes the research results of optical molecular imaging technology and its ability to realize neural visualization. Additionally, it discusses the challenges neural visualization recognition faces and future development opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinzheng Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenkai Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shufeng Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang J, Wang Z, Mo C, Luo H, Li S, Mo Q, Qin Y, Yang F, Li X. An inorganic-organic-polymeric nanovehicle for targeting delivery of doxorubicin: Rational assembly, pH-stimulus release, and dual hyperthermia/chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 241:112682. [PMID: 36871489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficiently synergistic therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by chemotherapeutic drug and photothermal agent remains a considerable challenge. Here, we report a nanodrug that integrates specific hepatoma-targeted delivery, pH-triggered drug release, and cooperative photothermal-chemotherapy function. By grafting the easily self-assembled CuS@polydopamine (CuS@PDA) nanocapsulation with polyacrylic acid (PAA), an inorganic-organic-polymeric hybrid nanovehicle was developed as a dual photothermal agent and carrier for loading antitumor drug-doxorubicin (DOX) through electrostatic adsorption and chemical linking antibody against GPC3 commonly overexpressed in HCC, resulting in the nanodrug, CuS@PDA/PAA/DOX/GPC3. The multifunctional nanovehicle had excellent biocompatibility, stability, and high photothermal conversion efficiency, due to the rationally designed binary CuS@PDA photothermal agent. The 72-h accumulative drug release in pH 5.5 tumor microenvironment can reach up to 84%, far higher than 15% measured in pH 7.4 condition. Notably, in contrast to the merely 20% survival rate of H9c2 and HL-7702 cells exposed to free DOX, their viabilities in the nanodrug circumstance can maintain 54% and 66%, respectively, suggesting the abated toxicity to the normal cell lines. When exposed to the hepatoma-targeting nanodrug, the viability of HepG2 cells was found to be 36%, which further drastically declined to 10% plus 808-nm NIR irradiation. Moreover, the nanodrug is potent to cause tumor ablation in HCC-modeled mice, and the therapeutic efficacy can be greatly enhanced under NIR stimulus. Histology analyses reveal that the nanodrug can effectively alleviate the chemical damage to heart and liver, as compared to free DOX. This work thus offers a facile strategy for design of targeting anti-HCC nanodrug toward combined photothermal-chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Higher Education, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Higher Education, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Chunhong Mo
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Higher Education, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Haikun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Higher Education, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shuting Li
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Higher Education, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qian Mo
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Higher Education, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
| | - You Qin
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Higher Education, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China; State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Xinchun Li
- Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Bioanalysis and Drug Screening of Guangxi Higher Education, Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China; State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Thangudu S, Huang EY, Su CH. Safe magnetic resonance imaging on biocompatible nanoformulations. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5032-5053. [PMID: 35858468 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00692h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) holds promise for the early clinical diagnosis of various diseases, but most clinical MR techniques require the use of a contrast medium. Several nanomaterial (NM) mediated contrast agents (CAs) are widely used as T1- and T2-based MR contrast agents for clinical and non-clinical applications. Unfortunately, most NM-based CAs are toxic or non-biocompatible, restricting their practical/clinical applications. Therefore, the development of nontoxic and biocompatible CAs for clinical MRI diagnosis is highly desired. To this end, several biocompatible and biomimetic strategies have been developed to offer long blood circulation time, significant biocompatibility, in vivo biodistribution and high contrast ability for efficient imaging. However, detailed review reports on biocompatible NMs, specifically for MR imaging have not yet been summarized. Thus, in the present review we summarize various surface coating strategies (such as polymers, proteins, cell membranes, etc.) to achieve biocompatible NPs, providing a detailed discussion of advances and future prospects for safe MRI imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Thangudu
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
| | - Eng-Yen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hao Su
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan. .,Center for General Education, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen H, Ma L, Dai H, Fu Y, Han X, Zhang Y. The construction of self-protective ferritin nanocage to cross dynamic gastrointestinal barriers with improved delivery efficiency. Food Chem 2022; 397:133680. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
7
|
Fan Z, Zhuang C, Wang S, Zhang Y. Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:787780. [PMID: 34950591 PMCID: PMC8688153 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.787780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor. It is ranked the sixth most common neoplasm and the third most common cause of cancer mortality. At present, the most common treatment for HCC is surgery, but the 5-year recurrence rates are still high. Patients with early stage HCC with few nodules can be treated with resection or radiofrequency ablation (RFA); while for multinodular HCC, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been the first-line treatment. In recent years, based on medical engineering cooperation, nanotechnology has been increasingly applied to the treatment of cancer. Photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy are effective for cancer. This paper summarizes the latest progress of photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy for HCC, with the aim of providing new ideas for the treatment of HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Fan
- Department of General Surgery, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Central Laboratory, the Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengjun Zhuang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qiu N, Yang X, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Ji J, Zhang Y, Kong X, Xi Y, Liu D, Ye L, Zhai G. A molybdenum oxide-based degradable nanosheet for combined chemo-photothermal therapy to improve tumor immunosuppression and suppress distant tumors and lung metastases. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:428. [PMID: 34923976 PMCID: PMC8684628 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Molybdenum oxide (MoOx) nanosheets have drawn increasing attention for minimally invasive cancer treatments but still face great challenges, including complex modifications and the lack of efficient accumulation in tumor. In this work, a novel multifunctional degradable FA-BSA-PEG/MoOx nanosheet was fabricated (LA-PEG and FA-BSA dual modified MoOx): the synergistic effect of PEG and BSA endows the nanosheet with excellent stability and compatibility; the FA, a targeting ligand, facilitates the accumulation of nanosheets in the tumor. In addition, DTX, a model drug for breast cancer treatment, was loaded (76.49%, 1.5 times the carrier weight) in the nanosheets for in vitro and in vivo antitumor evaluation. The results revealed that the FA-BSA-PEG/MoOx@DTX nanosheets combined photothermal and chemotherapy could not only inhibit the primary tumor growth but also suppress the distant tumor growth (inhibition rate: 51.7%) and lung metastasis (inhibition rate: 93.6%), which is far more effective compared to the commercial Taxotere®. Exploration of the molecular mechanism showed that in vivo immune response induced an increase in positive immune responders, suppressed negative immune suppressors, and established an inflammatory tumor immune environment, which co-contributes towards effective suppression of tumor and lung metastasis. Our experiments demonstrated that this novel multifunctional nanosheet is a promising platform for combined chemo-photothermal therapy. ![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jicheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jianbo Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinru Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Xi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongzhu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaXilu, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mainini F, Bonizzi A, Sevieri M, Sitia L, Truffi M, Corsi F, Mazzucchelli S. Protein-Based Nanoparticles for the Imaging and Treatment of Solid Tumors: The Case of Ferritin Nanocages, a Narrative Review. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122000. [PMID: 34959283 PMCID: PMC8708614 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein nanocages have been studied extensively, due to their unique architecture, exceptional biocompatibility and highly customization capabilities. In particular, ferritin nanocages (FNs) have been employed for the delivery of a vast array of molecules, ranging from chemotherapeutics to imaging agents, among others. One of the main favorable characteristics of FNs is their intrinsic targeting efficiency toward the Transferrin Receptor 1, which is overexpressed in many tumors. Furthermore, genetic manipulation can be employed to introduce novel variants that are able to improve the loading capacity, targeting capabilities and bio-availability of this versatile drug delivery system. In this review, we discuss the main characteristics of FN and the most recent applications of this promising nanotechnology in the field of oncology with a particular emphasis on the imaging and treatment of solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mainini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Arianna Bonizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Marta Sevieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Leopoldo Sitia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Marta Truffi
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Fabio Corsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Serena Mazzucchelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche “L. Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang K, Xu X, Li Y, Rong M, Wang L, Lu L, Wang J, Zhao F, Sun B, Jiang Y. Preparation Fe3O4@chitosan-graphene quantum dots nanocomposites for fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|