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Chen X, Duan X, Gao Y. Recent Advances in Acoustofluidics for Point-of-Care Testing. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300489. [PMID: 37926688 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care testing (POCT) has played important role in clinical diagnostics, environmental assessment, chemical and biological analyses, and food and chemical processing due to its faster turnaround compared to laboratory testing. Dedicated manipulations of solutions or particles are generally required to develop POCT technologies that achieve a "sample-in-answer-out" operation. With the development of micro- and nanotechnology, many tools have been developed for sample preparation, on-site analysis and solution manipulations (mixing, pumping, valving, etc.). Among these approaches, the use of acoustic waves to manipulate fluids and particles (named acoustofluidics) has been applied in many researches. This review focuses on the recent developments in acoustofluidics for POCT. It starts with the fundamentals of different acoustic manipulation techniques and then lists some of representative examples to highlight each method in practical POC applications. Looking toward the future, a compact, portable, highly integrated, low power, and biocompatible technique is anticipated to simultaneously achieve precise manipulation of small targets and multimodal manipulation in POC applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chen
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, East Beisanhuan Road 18, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xuexin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments and, College of Precision Instrument and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yunhua Gao
- Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, East Beisanhuan Road 18, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
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Akther A, Walsh EP, Reineck P, Gibson BC, Ohshima T, Abe H, McColl G, Jenkins NL, Hall LT, Simpson DA, Rezk AR, Yeo LY. Acoustomicrofluidic Concentration and Signal Enhancement of Fluorescent Nanodiamond Sensors. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16133-16141. [PMID: 34813284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers constitute a promising class of quantum nanosensors owing to the unique magneto-optic properties associated with their spin states. The large surface area and photostability of diamond nanoparticles, together with their relatively low synthesis costs, make them a suitable platform for the detection of biologically relevant quantities such as paramagnetic ions and molecules in solution. Nevertheless, their sensing performance in solution is often hampered by poor signal-to-noise ratios and long acquisition times due to distribution inhomogeneities throughout the analyte sample. By concentrating the diamond nanoparticles through an intense microcentrifugation effect in an acoustomicrofluidic device, we show that the resultant dense NV ensembles within the diamond nanoparticles give rise to an order-of-magnitude improvement in the measured acquisition time. The ability to concentrate nanoparticles under surface acoustic wave (SAW) microcentrifugation in a sessile droplet is, in itself, surprising given the well-documented challenge of achieving such an effect for particles below 1 μm in dimension. In addition to a demonstration of their sensing performance, we thus reveal in this work that the reason why the diamond nanoparticles readily concentrate under the SAW-driven recirculatory flow can be attributed to their considerably higher density and hence larger acoustic contrast compared to those for typical particles and cells for which the SAW microcentrifugation flow has been shown to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Akther
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Ella P Walsh
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics & School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Brant C Gibson
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics & School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Takeshi Ohshima
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Abe
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Takasaki, Gunma 370-1292, Japan
| | - Gawain McColl
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nicole L Jenkins
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Liam T Hall
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - David A Simpson
- School of Physics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Amgad R Rezk
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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Qian J, Begum H, Lee JEY. Acoustofluidic localization of sparse particles on a piezoelectric resonant sensor for nanogram-scale mass measurements. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2021; 7:61. [PMID: 34567773 PMCID: PMC8433202 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00288-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The ability to weigh microsubstances present in low concentrations is an important tool for environmental monitoring and chemical analysis. For instance, developing a rapid analysis platform that identifies the material type of microplastics in seawater would help evaluate the potential toxicity to marine organisms. In this study, we demonstrate the integration of two different techniques that bring together the functions of sparse particle localization and miniaturized mass sensing on a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) chip for enhanced detection and minimization of negative measurements. The droplet sample for analysis is loaded onto the MEMS chip containing a resonant mass sensor. Through the coupling of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) from a SAW transducer into the chip, the initially dispersed microparticles in the droplet are localized over the detection area of the MEMS sensor, which is only 200 µm wide. The accreted mass of the particles is then calibrated against the resulting shift in resonant frequency of the sensor. The SAW device and MEMS chip are detachable after use, allowing the reuse of the SAW device part of the setup instead of the disposal of both parts. Our platform maintains the strengths of noncontact and label-free dual-chip acoustofluidic devices, demonstrating for the first time an integrated microparticle manipulation and real-time mass measurement platform useful for the analysis of sparse microsubstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Qian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Habiba Begum
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Joshua E.-Y. Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
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