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Ivaldi C, Ospina Guarin VM, Antonioli D, Zuccheri G, Sparnacci K, Gianotti V, Perego M, Chiarcos R, Laus M. Polystyrene Brush Evolution by Grafting to Reaction on Deglazed and Not-Deglazed Silicon Substrates. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400288. [PMID: 39012272 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Two model substrates for the grafting to reaction are considered: not-deglazed silicon, whose surface is coated by a thin oxide layer with reactive silanol groups on its surface; and deglazed silicon, where the oxide layer is removed by treatment with hydrofluoric acid. The reactive polymers are hydroxy-terminated polystyrenes with molecular weights ranging from 3.9 to 13.9 kg mol⁻1. The grafting to reaction is carried out at different temperatures and for different periods of time on the two different substrates. The thickness and the thermal stability of the resulting brushes are evaluated. Furthermore, the grafting of a highly dispersed system is simulated by blending two polymers with different molecular weights. Although the brush thickness growth is found to be faster on deglazed silicon, the preferential grafting of short chains occurs with equal chain selection propensity on both substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ivaldi
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition (DISSTE), University of Eastern Piedmont, P.zza S. Eusebio 5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy
| | - Viviana Maria Ospina Guarin
- Department of Science and Technology Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, V. le T. Michel 11, Alessandria, 15121, Italy
| | - Diego Antonioli
- Department of Science and Technology Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, V. le T. Michel 11, Alessandria, 15121, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Zuccheri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology and Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Health Sciences & Technologies, University of Bologna, V. San Donato 19/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
| | - Katia Sparnacci
- Department of Science and Technology Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, V. le T. Michel 11, Alessandria, 15121, Italy
| | - Valentina Gianotti
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition (DISSTE), University of Eastern Piedmont, P.zza S. Eusebio 5, Vercelli, 13100, Italy
| | - Michele Perego
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via C. Olivetti 2, Agrate-Brianza, 20864, Italy
| | - Riccardo Chiarcos
- Department of Science and Technology Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, V. le T. Michel 11, Alessandria, 15121, Italy
| | - Michele Laus
- Department of Science and Technology Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, V. le T. Michel 11, Alessandria, 15121, Italy
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Stochastic dynamic quantitative and 3D structural matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric analyses of mixture of nucleosides. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chiarcos R, Antonioli D, Gianotti V, Laus M, Munaò G, Milano G, De Nicola A, Perego M. Short vs. long chains competition during “ grafting to” process from melt. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00364c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A preferential grafting of short chains occurs during the “grafting to” reaction of hydroxy terminated P(S-st-MMA) blends consisting of short and long chains. The enrichment is enhanced when the chain length difference increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Chiarcos
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Diego Antonioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Valentina Gianotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Michele Laus
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Munaò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Milano
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Antonio De Nicola
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, University of Naples Federico II, Largo S. Marcellino 10, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Michele Perego
- CNR-IMM, Unit of Agrate Brianza, Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
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Antonioli D, Chiarcos R, Gianotti V, Terragno M, Laus M, Munaò G, Milano G, De Nicola A, Perego M. Inside the brush: partition by molecular weight in grafting to reactions from melt. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01303c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A substantial partition by molecular weight takes place during the grafting to reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Antonioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Riccardo Chiarcos
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
- CNR-IMM, Unit of Agrate Brianza, Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
| | - Valentina Gianotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Margherita Terragno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Michele Laus
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Universitá del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Munaò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Milano
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Antonio De Nicola
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Universitá degli Studi di Salerno, via G. Paolo II 134, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Michele Perego
- CNR-IMM, Unit of Agrate Brianza, Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza, Italy
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