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Cui M, Fatima Z, Wang Z, Lei Y, Zhao X, Jin M, Liu L, Yu C, Tong M, Li D. Specific fractionation of ginsenosides based on activated carbon fibers and online fast screening of ginseng extract by mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1719:464774. [PMID: 38422707 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Ginseng is beneficial in the prevention of many diseases and provides benefits for proper growth and development owing to the presence of various useful bioactive substances of diverse chemical heterogeneity (e.g., triterpenoid saponins, polysaccharides, volatile oils, and amino acids). As a result, understanding the therapeutic advantages of ginseng requires an in-depth compositional evaluation employing a simple and rapid analytical technique. In this work, three types of surface-activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were prepared by gas-phase oxidation, strong acid treatment, and Plasma treatment to obtain CO2-ACFs, acidified-ACFs, and plasma-ACFs, respectively. Three prepared ACFs were compared in terms of their physicochemical characterization (i.e., surface roughness and functional groups). A separation system was built using a column with modified ACFs, followed by mass spectrometry detection to investigate and determine substances of different polarities. Among the three columns, CO2-ACFs showed the optimum separation effect. 13 strong polar compounds (12 amino acids and1 oligosaccharide) and 15 lesser polar compounds (ginsenosides) were separated and identified successfully within 4 min in the ginseng sample. The data obtained by CO2-ACFs-TOF-MS/MS and UHPLC-TOF-MS/MS were compared. Our approach was found to be faster (4 min vs. 36 min) and greener, requiring much less solvent (1 mL vs. 10.8 mL), and power (0.06 vs. 0.6 kWh). The developed methodology can provide a faster, eco-friendly, and more reliable tool for the high-throughput screening of complex natural matrices and the simultaneous evaluation of several compounds in diverse samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Cui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China; Analysis and Inspection Center, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zakia Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Yang Lei
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, PR China
| | - Xiangai Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Geography and Ocean Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Mingshi Jin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Chunyu Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, PR China
| | - Meihui Tong
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China; Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City 133002, Jilin Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China.
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Fatima Z, Wang L, Cui M, Jin X, Liu L, Li D. Fast, sustainable, and simultaneous analysis of water- and fat-soluble vitamins by the two-dimensional microcarbon fiber fractionation system hyphenated with MS detection. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1295:342288. [PMID: 38355222 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamins are micronutrients that are required for normal growth and development of living organisms. However, due to their various chemical properties (e.g., acid-base behavior, the presence of numerous forms) and fluctuating concentration levels within complex matrices, simultaneous analysis of multi-class vitamins, including their active forms, is a challenging task. The growing nutrient shortage in foods is concerning for food consumers, manufacturers, and quality control organizations. Hence, a simple, fast, and greener approach that can simultaneously analyze multi-class vitamins is required to aid food testing and clinical laboratories in evaluating vitamin content more rapidly and accurately. RESULTS A green and rapid analytical method based on online two-dimensional microscale carbon fiber/activated carbon fiber fractionation-mass spectrometry (2DμCFs-MS) was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of vitamins (water- and fat-soluble vitamins and some analogs) in food supplements and fortified energy drinks. Vitamins have been successfully separated into three different fractions using the minimum toxic solvent (only 0.7 mL of organic solvent) in a single run within 6 min. The limit of detection (LOD) ranges from 0.1 to 10.4 ng/mL, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranges from 0.39 to 34.5 ng/mL. The method also showed adequate repeatability and intermediate precision, with RSD<10 % and R2 > 0.99 for most vitamins. The analytical method was evaluated in terms of greenness, with an analytical greenness (AGREE) score of 0.68. SIGNIFICANCE The 2DμCFs-MS system was developed to separate and detect multi-class vitamins simultaneously, which can be used as a beneficial tool to investigate vitamin content for food labeling and determining the vitamins in biological fluids and other complex samples. The developed method can tackle the challenge of simultaneous and fast routine analysis of multi-class vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Meiyu Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xiangzi Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical College, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China; Chemistry Department, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, 133002, Jilin Province, PR China.
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Wang Z, Shang HB, Cui M, Ma B, Li D, Jin D, Dong M. Use of tandem carbon microfiber columns for on-line fractionation strategy of reducing ion suppression effects in electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1685:463641. [PMID: 36403517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
As we all know, the complexity and diversity of complex sample are confronting with challenge of high-sensitive mass spectrometry analysis, especially direct mass spectrometry. The work proposed a two-dimensional carbon microfiber fractionation (2DμCFs) system for the reduction of ion suppression effects in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The 2DμCFs system can on-line fractionated the complex sample into strong-polar, medium-polar and weak-polar fractions for sequential MS analysis. Direct analysis brings about the strong ion suppression effect up to 85%, but the fractionated analysis of 2DμCFs system can distinctly reduce the ion suppression effect to less than 43%, even close to none. And the fractionated analysis not only decrease the number of analytes of direct analysis, but also narrows down the polarity range of analytes within the droplets of ESI, contributing to the homogeneous distribution to reduce the ion suppression effect. As an example, the 2DμCFs system coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was applied for fractionated analysis of Radix Puerariae extract in 4.5 min. Compared with direct MS/MS, the 2DμCFs-MS/MS shows the lower ion suppression and the more ionic species (m/z). In addition, and most of ionic species detected by the 2DμCFs-MS/MS, are the same as those by HPLC MS/MS. Furthermore, the 2DμCFs-MS/MS exhibit the good analysis repeatability of real sample with the RSDs less than 10.32% (intra-day), 7.12% (inter-day) and 14.28% (inter-batch of CFs and ACFs). The carbon fibers (CFs) and active carbon fibers (ACFs) columns, as the key parts, are conducive to achieve on-line fractionation of compounds based on the difference of polarity. The 2DμCFs system has the merits of on-line, speediness, low-pressure and recycle. More importantly, such fast and high-throughput method is advantageous for comprehensive screening of complex samples in drug, clinical, environment and plant.
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Wang Z, Cui M, Ma B, Yang L, Yu Y, Cui H, Jin D, Shang H, Li D. Rapid and One-Step Screening of Taxane Compounds by a Two-Dimensional Carbon Microfiber Fractionation System Combined with Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4774-4782. [PMID: 35389221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Taxane compounds have attracted wide attention due to the basic chemical structure of taxol as an alternative anticancer drug. The full-scan tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragmentation behaviors of seven taxane compounds were studied. For taxanes of Sc-T and Sc-T-Xyl types, diagnostic product ions are originated from a cleavage in the ester bond of the C13 position and the C-O bond of the C7 position, and the subsequent fragmentation pattern is similar to those of M-type taxanes with the loss of different numbers of acetic acid moieties (AcOH), benzoic acid moieties (BzOH), and H2O molecules. A rapid (7 min) and one-step screening method of two-dimensional microscale carbon fiber and active carbon fiber columns combined with tandem mass spectrometry (2DμCFs-MS/MS) was developed for the screening of taxane compounds from Taxus cuspidata samples. Before MS/MS analysis, the 2DμCFs system can group the sample extract without any pretreatment into three chromatographic-type fractions of strong, medium, and weak polarity to avoid matrix interference, such as lipids and pigments. The 2DμCFs-MS/MS can also conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis of taxane compounds, which is evaluated by limits of detection ranging from 3 to 50 ng mL-1, limits of quantitation ranging from 10 to 150 ng mL-1, satisfactory recoveries from 75.2 to 112.2%, and reproducibilities with relative standard deviations from 1.4 to 11.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
| | - Meiyu Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
| | - Biao Ma
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
| | - Yingli Yu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Cui
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
| | - Dongri Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
| | - Donghao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Park Road 977, Yanji City, Jilin Province 133002, P.R. China
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