1
|
Li P, Li Z, Hu Y, Niu Z, Wang Z, Zhou H, Sun X. Evaluation of fish meal freshness using a metal-oxide semiconductor electronic nose combined with the long short-term memory feature extraction method. J Food Sci 2024; 89:5016-5030. [PMID: 38980966 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
To improve the classification and regression performance of the total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and acid value (AV) of different freshness fish meal samples detected by a metal-oxide semiconductor electronic nose (MOS e-nose), 402 original features, 62 manually extracted features, manually extracted and selected features by the RFRFE method, and the features extracted by the long short-term memory (LSTM) network were used as inputs to identify the freshness. The classification performance of the freshness grades and the estimation performance of the TVB-N and AV values of fish meal with different freshness were compared. According to the sensor response curve, preprocessing and feature extraction steps were first applied to the original data. Then, five classification algorithms and four regression algorithms were used for modeling. The results showed that a total of 30 features were extracted using the LSTM network, and the number of extracted features was significantly reduced. In the classification, the highest accuracy rate of 95.4% was obtained using the support vector machine method. In the regression, the least squares support vector regression method obtained the best root mean square error (RMSE). The coefficient of determination (R2), RMSE, and relative standard deviation (RSD) between the predicted value of TVBN and the actual value were 0.963, 11.01, and 7.9%, respectively. The R2, RMSE, and RSD between the predicted value of AV and the actual value were 0.972, 0.170, and 6.05%, respectively. The LSTM feature extraction method provided a new method and reference for feature extraction using an E-nose to identify other animal-derived material samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
- Shandong Jiashibo Foods Co., Ltd, Weifang, China
| | - Zhaopeng Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Yangting Hu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Zhiyou Niu
- College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenhe Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Xia Sun
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pesaran S, Khalafinezhad A, Mohammad-Karimi V, Tashkhourian J, Shojaeifard Z, Ramzi M, Hemmateenejad B. Miniaturized Sniffing Device based on an Array of Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots and Metallic Nanoclusters Efficiently Identifies Hematologic Malignancy in Adults. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39045783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
The study demonstrates the potential of an optical nose made by depositing an array of fluorescent nanomaterials on a paper substrate for the early detection of leukemia in adults. This is based on the fact that blood volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are useful leukemia biomarkers. The integrated design was miniaturized and comprised both sensing zones and a sample holding zone, which were installed on a small sheet of paper within a miniature cubic reaction chamber fabricated by using 3D printing technology. The sensing device, comprising seven fluorescent sensing elements, namely, metal nanoclusters, quantum dots, and carbon dots was capable of detecting VOCs in the blood headspace and providing a colorimetric signature that could discriminate between blood samples from healthy and cancerous individuals. A total of 70 new leukemia cases and 51 healthy controls aged 20-50 years were studied. The device required a 60 μL portion of the blood sample and reacted to blood VOCs after 3 h when kept at 50 °C. The imaging data from the device was processed by linear discriminant analysis, and the results confirmed efficient identification of patient samples from healthy samples with 100% accuracy. Overall, the array system is noninvasive (or minimally invasive), portable, fast, inexpensive, and requires only a small amount of blood sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Pesaran
- Chemistry Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84471, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Khalafinezhad
- Hematology Research Center, Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Vahid Mohammad-Karimi
- Hematology Research Center, Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | | | | | - Mani Ramzi
- Hematology Research Center, Department of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hou J, Liu X, Hou C, Huo D, Li J. A PVDF-based colorimetric sensor array for noninvasive detection of multiple disease-related volatile organic compounds. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6647-6661. [PMID: 37848579 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Detection of human-generated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a new pathway for assessing health. Herein, a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based colorimetric sensor array was designed for detecting disease-related VOCs (DVOCs) within 15 min, using a complex of Cu metal-organic framework, graphene aerogel, and dyes as response materials. Fingermaps derived from 28 DVOCs were obtained for further data processing. Pattern recognition was successfully employed in the correct discrimination of 28 DVOCs in low (10 μM), medium (100 μM), and high (300 μM) concentrations. Importantly, the sensor array also presented excellent discrimination ability and application potential when detecting VOCs produced by human cancer and normal cells. In general, VOC acquisition is noninvasive and harmless, and the PVDF-based sensor arrays are simple and visual. Such advantages expand their further application potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhou Hou
- Postdoctoral Research Station, Chongqing University, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjun Hou
- Postdoctoral Research Station, Chongqing University, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China
| | - Danqun Huo
- Postdoctoral Research Station, Chongqing University, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Perception & Intelligent Information Processing, School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiawei Li
- Three Gorges Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, 404000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Almalki AH. Recent Analytical Advances for Decoding Metabolic Reprogramming in Lung Cancer. Metabolites 2023; 13:1037. [PMID: 37887362 PMCID: PMC10609104 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Metabolic reprogramming is a fundamental trait associated with lung cancer development that fuels tumor proliferation and survival. Monitoring such metabolic pathways and their intermediate metabolites can provide new avenues concerning treatment strategies, and the identification of prognostic biomarkers that could be utilized to monitor drug responses in clinical practice. In this review, recent trends in the analytical techniques used for metabolome mapping of lung cancer are capitalized. These techniques include nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and imaging mass spectrometry (MSI). The advantages and limitations of the application of each technique for monitoring the metabolite class or type are also highlighted. Moreover, their potential applications in the analysis of many biological samples will be evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atiah H. Almalki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Health Science Campus, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim JH, An YJ, Kim TM, Kim JE, Park S, Choi SH. Ex vivo NMR metabolomics approach using cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma: Correlation with MR imaging characteristics. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4679-4689. [PMID: 35941814 PMCID: PMC9972060 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an uncommon extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Here, the feasibility of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics for the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of PCNSL, as well as its correlation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics, was assessed. PATIENTS AND METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from PCNSL and normal groups (n = 41 for each) were obtained along with MRI data including pre- and postcontrast as well as T1-, T2-, and diffusion-weighted imaging for the treatment-naïve PCNSL patients (n = 24). The CSF samples were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). RESULTS The CSF NMR metabolomic exhibited clear differences with a diagnostic sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 97.6%. The citrate level of the leptomeningeal enhancement (LE) (+) group was significantly lower than that of the LE (-) group (p = 0.018). In addition, the MRI apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the tumor was positively correlated with the glucose level (p = 0.025). However, none of the marker metabolites were significant prognosis predictors in univariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the NMR metabolomics could be helpful to diagnose PCNSL, but not for the prognosis, and MRI features (LE or ADC) can reflect the metabolic profiles of PCNSL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jin An
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Department of Radiology and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science, and School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Non-Invasive Lung Cancer Diagnostics through Metabolites in Exhaled Breath: Influence of the Disease Variability and Comorbidities. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020203. [PMID: 36837822 PMCID: PMC9960124 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive, simple, and fast tests for lung cancer diagnostics are one of the urgent needs for clinical practice. The work describes the results of exhaled breath analysis of 112 lung cancer patients and 120 healthy individuals using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Volatile organic compound (VOC) peak areas and their ratios were considered for data analysis. VOC profiles of patients with various histological types, tumor localization, TNM stage, and treatment status were considered. The effect of non-pulmonary comorbidities (chronic heart failure, hypertension, anemia, acute cerebrovascular accident, obesity, diabetes) on exhaled breath composition of lung cancer patients was studied for the first time. Significant correlations between some VOC peak areas and their ratios and these factors were found. Diagnostic models were created using gradient boosted decision trees (GBDT) and artificial neural network (ANN). The performance of developed models was compared. ANN model was the most accurate: 82-88% sensitivity and 80-86% specificity on the test data.
Collapse
|
7
|
Chung J, Akter S, Han S, Shin Y, Choi TG, Kang I, Kim SS. Diagnosis by Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath in Exhaled Breath from Patients with Gastric and Colorectal Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010129. [PMID: 36613569 PMCID: PMC9820758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One in three cancer deaths worldwide are caused by gastric and colorectal cancer malignancies. Although the incidence and fatality rates differ significantly from country to country, the rates of these cancers in East Asian nations such as South Korea and Japan have been increasing each year. Above all, the biggest danger of this disease is how challenging it is to recognize in its early stages. Moreover, most patients with these cancers do not present with any disease symptoms before receiving a definitive diagnosis. Currently, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are being used for the early prediction of several other diseases, and research has been carried out on these applications. Exhaled VOCs from patients possess remarkable potential as novel biomarkers, and their analysis could be transformative in the prevention and early diagnosis of colon and stomach cancers. VOCs have been spotlighted in recent studies due to their ease of use. Diagnosis on the basis of patient VOC analysis takes less time than methods using gas chromatography, and results in the literature demonstrate that it is possible to determine whether a patient has certain diseases by using organic compounds in their breath as indicators. This study describes how VOCs can be used to precisely detect cancers; as more data are accumulated, the accuracy of this method will increase, and it can be applied in more fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinwook Chung
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Salima Akter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Han
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Shin
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Choi
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (S.S.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0524 (S.S.K.)
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (S.S.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-0524 (S.S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gashimova E, Temerdashev A, Porkhanov V, Polyakov I, Perunov D, Dmitrieva E. Non-invasive Exhaled Breath and Skin Analysis to Diagnose Lung Cancer: Study of Age Effect on Diagnostic Accuracy. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:42613-42628. [PMID: 36440120 PMCID: PMC9685768 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Development of simple, fast, and non-invasive tests for lung cancer diagnostics is essential for clinical practice. In this paper, exhaled breath and skin were studied as potential objects to diagnose lung cancer. The influence of age on the performance of diagnostic models was studied. Gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry (MS) was used to analyze the exhaled breath of 110 lung cancer patients and 212 healthy individuals of various ages. Peak area ratios of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were used for data analysis instead of VOC peak areas. Various machine learning algorithms were applied to create diagnostic models, and their performance was compared. The best results on the test data set were achieved using artificial neural networks (ANNs): classification of patients with lung cancer and young healthy volunteers: 88 ± 4% sensitivity and 83 ± 3% specificity; classification of patients with lung cancer and old healthy individuals: 81 ± 3% sensitivity and 85 ± 1% specificity. The difference between performance of models based on young and old healthy groups was minor. The results obtained have shown that metabolic dysregulation driven by the disease biology is too high, which significantly overlaps the age effect. The influence of tumor localization and histological type on exhaled breath samples of lung cancer patients was studied. Statistically significant differences between some parameters in these samples were observed. A possibility of assessing the disease status by skin analysis in the Zakharyin-Ged zones using an electronic nose based on the quartz crystal microbalance sensor system was evaluated. Diagnostic models created using ANNs allow us to classify the skin composition of patients with lung cancer and healthy subjects of different ages with a sensitivity of 69 ± 2% and a specificity of 68 ± 8% for the young healthy group and a sensitivity of 74 ± 7% and a specificity of 66 ± 6% for the old healthy group. Primary results of skin analysis in the Zakharyin-Ged zones for the lung cancer diagnosis have shown its utility, but further investigation is required to confirm the results obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Gashimova
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, Krasnodar350040, Russia
| | - Azamat Temerdashev
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, Krasnodar350040, Russia
| | - Vladimir Porkhanov
- Research
Institute—Regional Clinical Hospital No 1 n.a. Prof. S.V. Ochapovsky, Krasnodar350086, Russia
| | - Igor Polyakov
- Research
Institute—Regional Clinical Hospital No 1 n.a. Prof. S.V. Ochapovsky, Krasnodar350086, Russia
| | - Dmitry Perunov
- Research
Institute—Regional Clinical Hospital No 1 n.a. Prof. S.V. Ochapovsky, Krasnodar350086, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Dmitrieva
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, Krasnodar350040, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gashimova EM, Temerdashev AZ, Porkhanov VA, Polyakov IS, Perunov DV. Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath as Biomarkers of Lung Cancer: Advances and Potential Problems. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193482207005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Lipid Peroxidation Produces a Diverse Mixture of Saturated and Unsaturated Aldehydes in Exhaled Breath That Can Serve as Biomarkers of Lung Cancer-A Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060561. [PMID: 35736492 PMCID: PMC9229171 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids is a widely recognized metabolic process that creates a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds including aldehydes. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species in cancer cells promote random lipid peroxidation, which leads to a variety of aldehydes. In the case of lung cancer, many of these volatile aldehydes are exhaled and are of interest as potential markers of the disease. Relevant studies reporting aldehydes in the exhaled breath of lung cancer patients were collected for this review by searching the PubMed and SciFindern databases until 25 May 2022. Information on breath test results, including the biomarker collection, preconcentration, and quantification methods, was extracted and tabulated. Overall, 44 studies were included spanning a period of 34 years. The data show that, as a class, aldehydes are significantly elevated in the breath of lung cancer patients at all stages of the disease relative to healthy control subjects. The type of aldehyde detected and/or deemed to be a biomarker is highly dependent on the method of exhaled breath sampling and analysis. Unsaturated aldehydes, detected primarily when derivatized during preconcentration, are underrepresented as biomarkers given that they are also likely products of lipid peroxidation. Pentanal, hexanal, and heptanal were the most reported aldehydes in studies of exhaled breath from lung cancer patients.
Collapse
|