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Xue Y, Li J, Jiang T, Han Q, Jing Y, Bai S, Yan X. Biomimetic Conductive Hydrogel Scaffolds with Anisotropy and Electrical Stimulation for In Vivo Skeletal Muscle Reconstruction. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302180. [PMID: 37985965 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The nature of the hydrogel scaffold mimicking extracellular matrix plays a crucial role in tissue engineering like skeletal muscle repair. Herein, an anisotropic and conductive hydrogel scaffold is fabricated using gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) as the matrix hydrogel and silver nanowire (AgNW) as the conductive dopant, through a directional freezing technique for muscle defect repair. The scaffold has an anisotropic structure composed of a directional longitudinal section and a honeycomb cross-section, with high mechanical strength of 10.5 kPa and excellent conductivity of 0.26 S m-1 . These properties are similar to native muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) and allow for cell orientation under the guidance of contact cues and electrical stimulation synergistically. In vitro experiments show that the scaffold's oriented structure combined with electrical stimulation results in enhanced myotube formation, with a length of up to 863 µm and an orientation rate of 81%. Furthermore, the electrically stimulated scaffold displays a promoted muscle reconstruction ability when transplanted into rats with muscle defects, achieving a muscle mass and strength restoration ratio of 95% and 99%, respectively, compared to normal levels. These findings suggest that the scaffold has great potential in muscle repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jieling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Tianhe Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qingquan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yafeng Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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2
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Grobbelaar S, Mercier AE, van den Bout I, Durandt C, Pepper MS. Considerations for enhanced mesenchymal stromal/stem cell myogenic commitment in vitro. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13703. [PMID: 38098144 PMCID: PMC10787211 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The generation of tissue from stem cells is an alluring concept as it holds a number of potential applications in clinical therapeutics and regenerative medicine. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from a number of different somatic sources, and have the capacity to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, and myogenic lineages. Although the first three have been extensively investigated, there remains a paucity of literature on the latter. This review looks at the various strategies available in vitro to enhance harvested MSC commitment and differentiation into the myogenic pathway. These include chemical inducers, myogenic-enhancing cell culture substrates, and mechanical and dynamic culturing conditions. Drawing on information from embryonic and postnatal myogenesis from somites, satellite, and myogenic progenitor cells, the mechanisms behind the chemical and mechanical induction strategies can be studied, and the sequential gene and signaling cascades can be used to monitor the progression of myogenic differentiation in the laboratory. Increased understanding of the stimuli and signaling mechanisms in the initial stages of MSC myogenic commitment will provide tools with which we can enhance their differentiation efficacy and advance the process to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Grobbelaar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Anne E. Mercier
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Iman van den Bout
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
- Centre for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Chrisna Durandt
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Michael S. Pepper
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and South African Medical Research Council Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
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3
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Casella A, Lowen J, Griffin KH, Shimamoto N, Ramos-Rodriguez DH, Panitch A, Leach JK. Conductive Microgel Annealed Scaffolds Enhance Myogenic Potential of Myoblastic Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2302500. [PMID: 38069833 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Conductive biomaterials may capture native or exogenous bioelectric signaling, but incorporation of conductive moieties is limited by cytotoxicity, poor injectability, or insufficient stimulation. Microgel annealed scaffolds are promising as hydrogel-based materials due to their inherent void space that facilitates cell migration and proliferation better than nanoporous bulk hydrogels. Conductive microgels are generated from poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT: PSS) to explore the interplay of void volume and conductivity on myogenic differentiation. PEDOT: PSS increases microgel conductivity two-fold while maintaining stiffness, annealing strength, and viability of associated myoblastic cells. C2C12 myoblasts exhibit increases in the late-stage differentiation marker myosin heavy chain as a function of both porosity and conductivity. Myogenin, an earlier marker, is influenced only by porosity. Human skeletal muscle-derived cells exhibit increased Myod1, insulin like growth factor-1, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 at earlier time points on conductive microgel scaffolds compared to non-conductive scaffolds. They also secrete more vascular endothelial growth factor at early time points and express factors that led to macrophage polarization patterns observe during muscle repair. These data indicate that conductivity aids myogenic differentiation of myogenic cell lines and primary cells, motivating the need for future translational studies to promote muscle repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Casella
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jeremy Lowen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Katherine H Griffin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Nathan Shimamoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - David H Ramos-Rodriguez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
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4
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Kozan NG, Joshi M, Sicherer ST, Grasman JM. Porous biomaterial scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1245897. [PMID: 37854885 PMCID: PMC10579822 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1245897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss is a traumatic injury which overwhelms the innate repair mechanisms of skeletal muscle and results in significant loss of muscle functionality. Tissue engineering seeks to regenerate these injuries through implantation of biomaterial scaffolds to encourage endogenous tissue formation and to restore mechanical function. Many types of scaffolds are currently being researched for this purpose. Scaffolds are typically made from either natural, synthetic, or conductive polymers, or any combination therein. A major criterion for the use of scaffolds for skeletal muscle is their porosity, which is essential for myoblast infiltration and myofiber ingrowth. In this review, we summarize the various methods of fabricating porous biomaterial scaffolds for skeletal muscle regeneration, as well as the various types of materials used to make these scaffolds. We provide guidelines for the fabrication of scaffolds based on functional requirements of skeletal muscle tissue, and discuss the general state of the field for skeletal muscle tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jonathan M. Grasman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States
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5
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Casella A, Lowen J, Shimamoto N, Griffin KH, Filler AC, Panitch A, Leach JK. Conductive microgel annealed scaffolds enhance myogenic potential of myoblastic cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.01.551533. [PMID: 37577583 PMCID: PMC10418230 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.01.551533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectricity is an understudied phenomenon to guide tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Conductive biomaterials may capture native or exogenous bioelectric signaling, but incorporation of conductive moieties is limited by cytotoxicity, poor injectability, or insufficient stimulation. Microgel annealed scaffolds are promising as hydrogel-based materials due to their inherent void space that facilitates cell migration and proliferation better than nanoporous bulk hydrogels. We generated conductive microgels from poly(ethylene) glycol and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) to explore the interplay of void volume and conductivity on myogenic differentiation. PEDOT:PSS increased microgel conductivity over 2-fold while maintaining stiffness, annealing strength, and viability of associated myoblastic cells. C2C12 myoblasts exhibited increases in the late-stage differentiation marker myosin heavy chain as a function of both porosity and conductivity. Myogenin, an earlier marker, was influenced only by porosity. Human skeletal muscle derived cells exhibited increased Myod1 , IGF-1, and IGFBP-2 at earlier timepoints on conductive microgel scaffolds compared to non-conductive scaffolds. They also secreted higher levels of VEGF at early timepoints and expressed factors that led to macrophage polarization patterns observed during muscle repair. These data indicate that conductivity aids myogenic differentiation of myogenic cell lines and primary cells, motivating the need for future translational studies to promote muscle repair.
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6
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Diaz F, Forsyth N, Boccaccini AR. Aligned Ice Templated Biomaterial Strategies for the Musculoskeletal System. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203205. [PMID: 37058583 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Aligned pore structures present many advantages when conceiving biomaterial strategies for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. Aligned ice templating (AIT) is one of the many different techniques capable of producing anisotropic porous scaffolds; its high versatility allows for the formation of structures with tunable pore sizes, as well as the use of many different materials. AIT has been found to yield improved compressive properties for bone tissue engineering (BTE), as well as higher tensile strength and optimized cellular alignment and proliferation in tendon and muscle repair applications. This review evaluates the work that has been done in the last decade toward the production of aligned pore structures by AIT with an outlook on the musculoskeletal system. This work describes the fundamentals of the AIT technique and focuses on the research carried out to optimize the biomechanical properties of scaffolds by modifying the pore structure, categorizing by material type and application. Related topics including growth factor incorporation into AIT scaffolds, drug delivery applications, and studies about immune system response will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Diaz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicholas Forsyth
- The Guy Hilton Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Stoke on Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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Katrilaka C, Karipidou N, Petrou N, Manglaris C, Katrilakas G, Tzavellas AN, Pitou M, Tsiridis EE, Choli-Papadopoulou T, Aggeli A. Freeze-Drying Process for the Fabrication of Collagen-Based Sponges as Medical Devices in Biomedical Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4425. [PMID: 37374608 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a systematic review of a key sector of the much promising and rapidly evolving field of biomedical engineering, specifically on the fabrication of three-dimensional open, porous collagen-based medical devices, using the prominent freeze-drying process. Collagen and its derivatives are the most popular biopolymers in this field, as they constitute the main components of the extracellular matrix, and therefore exhibit desirable properties, such as biocompatibility and biodegradability, for in vivo applications. For this reason, freeze-dried collagen-based sponges with a wide variety of attributes can be produced and have already led to a wide range of successful commercial medical devices, chiefly for dental, orthopedic, hemostatic, and neuronal applications. However, collagen sponges display some vulnerabilities in other key properties, such as low mechanical strength and poor control of their internal architecture, and therefore many studies focus on the settlement of these defects, either by tampering with the steps of the freeze-drying process or by combining collagen with other additives. Furthermore, freeze drying is still considered a high-cost and time-consuming process that is often used in a non-optimized manner. By applying an interdisciplinary approach and combining advances in other technological fields, such as in statistical analysis, implementing the Design of Experiments, and Artificial Intelligence, the opportunity arises to further evolve this process in a sustainable and strategic manner, and optimize the resulting products as well as create new opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Katrilaka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Niki Karipidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nestor Petrou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chris Manglaris
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Katrilakas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Nektarios Tzavellas
- 3rd Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Pitou
- School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftherios E Tsiridis
- 3rd Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Amalia Aggeli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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8
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Casella A, Panitch A, Leach JK. Electroconductive agarose hydrogels modulate mesenchymal stromal cell adhesion and spreading through protein adsorption. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:596-608. [PMID: 36680496 PMCID: PMC10023318 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Electrically conductive biomaterials direct cell behavior by capitalizing on the effect of bioelectricity in tissue homeostasis and healing. Many studies have leveraged conductive biomaterials to influence cells and improve tissue healing, even in the absence of external stimulation. However, most studies using electroactive materials neglect characterizing how the inclusion of conductive additives affects the material's mechanical properties, and the interplay between substrate electrical and mechanical properties on cell behavior is poorly understood. Furthermore, mechanisms dictating how electrically conductive materials affect cell behavior in the absence of external stimulation are not explicit. In this study, we developed a mechanically and electrically tunable conductive hydrogel using agarose and the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS. Under certain conditions, we observed that the hydrogel physical and electrical properties were decoupled. We then seeded human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) onto the hydrogels and observed enhanced adhesion and spreading of MSCs on conductive substrates, regardless of the hydrogel mechanical properties, and despite the gels having no cell-binding sites. To explain this observation, we measured protein interaction with the gels and found that charged proteins adsorbed significantly more to conductive hydrogels. These data demonstrate that conductivity promotes cell adhesion, likely by facilitating increased adsorption of proteins associated with cell binding, providing a better understanding of the mechanism of action of electrically conductive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Casella
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - J. Kent Leach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA 95817
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9
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Namjoo AR, Abrbekoh FN, Saghati S, Amini H, Saadatlou MAE, Rahbarghazi R. Tissue engineering modalities in skeletal muscles: focus on angiogenesis and immunomodulation properties. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:90. [PMID: 37061717 PMCID: PMC10105969 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03310-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular diseases and injuries are challenging issues in human medicine, resulting in physical disability. The advent of tissue engineering approaches has paved the way for the restoration and regeneration of injured muscle tissues along with available conventional therapies. Despite recent advances in the fabrication, synthesis, and application of hydrogels in terms of muscle tissue, there is a long way to find appropriate hydrogel types in patients with congenital and/or acquired musculoskeletal injuries. Regarding specific muscular tissue microenvironments, the applied hydrogels should provide a suitable platform for the activation of endogenous reparative mechanisms and concurrently deliver transplanting cells and therapeutics into the injured sites. Here, we aimed to highlight recent advances in muscle tissue engineering with a focus on recent strategies related to the regulation of vascularization and immune system response at the site of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Rezaei Namjoo
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sepideh Saghati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Amini
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- General and Vascular Surgery Department, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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10
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Vedakumari SW, Jancy SJV, Prabakaran L, Raja Pravin Y, Senthil R. A review on background, process and application of electrospun nanofibers for tissue regeneration. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2023:9544119231164713. [PMID: 37060196 DOI: 10.1177/09544119231164713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning is a versatile method which is used to synthesize nano/micro sized fibers under the influence of electric field. Electrospun nanoscaffolds are one of the widely accepted platforms for cultivating soft and hard tissues as they create a prefect micro-environment for cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Nanoscaffolds are widely used in the field of tissue engineering due to their versatility in aiding the growth of different types of cells and tissues for varied applications. The composition, molecular weight and structure of polymer used to fabricate nanoscaffold plays an important role in determining the size and strength of the nanofibers prepared. This review gives information about the background, process and different types of polymers used in electrospinning. Recent advances in culturing liver cells, osteoblasts, skin cells, neural cells and coronary artery smooth muscle cells on nanoscaffolds are also elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyaraj Weslen Vedakumari
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathyaraj Jacqulin Veda Jancy
- Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Sri Sai Ram Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lokesh Prabakaran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yovan Raja Pravin
- Department of Physics (Science and Humanities), Agni College of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rethinam Senthil
- Department of Leather Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
- School of Bio & Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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11
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Huang WJ, Wang J. Development of 3D-Printed, Biodegradable, Conductive PGSA Composites for Nerve Tissue Regeneration. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200470. [PMID: 36525352 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nerve conduits are used to reconnect broken nerve bundles and provide protection to facilitate nerve regeneration. However, the low degradation rate and regeneration rate, as well as the requirement for secondary surgery are some of the most criticized drawbacks of existing nerve conduits. With high processing flexibility from the photo-curability, poly (glycerol sebacate) acrylate (PGSA) is a promising material with tunable mechanical properties and biocompatibility for the development of medical devices. Here, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and graphene are embedded in biodegradable PGSA matrix. The polymer composites are then assessed for their electrical conductivity, biodegradability, three-dimensional-printability (3D-printability), and promotion of cell proliferation. Through the four-probe technique, it is shown that the PGSA composites are identified as highly conductive in swollen state. Furthermore, biodegradability is evaluated through enzymatic degradation and facilitated hydrolysis. Cell proliferation and guidance are significantly promoted by three-dimensional-printed microstructures and electrical stimulation on PGSA composites, especially on PGSA-PVP. Hence, microstructured nerve conduits are 3D-printed with PGSA-PVP. Guided cell growth and promoted proliferation are subsequently demonstrated by Schwann cell culture combined with electrical stimulation. Consequently, 3D-printed nerve conduits fabricated with PGSA composites hold great potential in nerve tissue regeneration through electrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jia Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, ROC 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jane Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, ROC 30013, Taiwan
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12
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Abourehab MAS, Baisakhiya S, Aggarwal A, Singh A, Abdelgawad MA, Deepak A, Ansari MJ, Pramanik S. Chondroitin sulfate-based composites: a tour d'horizon of their biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9125-9178. [PMID: 36342328 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01514e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS), a natural anionic mucopolysaccharide, belonging to the glycosaminoglycan family, acts as the primary element of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of diverse organisms. It comprises repeating units of disaccharides possessing β-1,3-linked N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc), and β-1,4-linked D-glucuronic acid (GlcA), and exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, anti-oxidant, and anti-thrombogenic activities. It is a naturally acquired bio-macromolecule with beneficial properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and immensely low toxicity, making it the center of attention in developing biomaterials for various biomedical applications. The authors have discussed the structure, unique properties, and extraction source of CS in the initial section of this review. Further, the current investigations on applications of CS-based composites in various biomedical fields, focusing on delivering active pharmaceutical compounds, tissue engineering, and wound healing, are discussed critically. In addition, the manuscript throws light on preclinical and clinical studies associated with CS composites. A short section on Chondroitinase ABC has also been canvassed. Finally, this review emphasizes the current challenges and prospects of CS in various biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 11566, Egypt
| | - Shreya Baisakhiya
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Sector 1, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.,School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401, India
| | - Akanksha Aggarwal
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Anshul Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Baba Mastnath University, Rohtak-124021, India
| | - Mohamed A Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Deepak
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600128, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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13
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Kiratitanaporn W, Berry DB, Mudla A, Fried T, Lao A, Yu C, Hao N, Ward SR, Chen S. 3D printing a biocompatible elastomer for modeling muscle regeneration after volumetric muscle loss. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 142:213171. [PMID: 36341746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries due to trauma, tumor ablation, or other degenerative muscle diseases are debilitating and currently have limited options for self-repair. Advancements in 3D printing allow for the rapid fabrication of biocompatible scaffolds with designer patterns. However, the materials chosen are often stiff or brittle, which is not optimal for muscle tissue engineering. This study utilized a photopolymerizable biocompatible elastomer - poly (glycerol sebacate) acrylate (PGSA) - to develop an in vitro model of muscle regeneration and proliferation into an acellular scaffold after VML injury. Mechanical properties of the scaffold were tuned by controlling light intensity during the 3D printing process to match the specific tension of skeletal muscle. The effect of both geometric (channel sizes between 300 and 600 μm) and biologic (decellularized muscle extracellular matrix (dECM)) cues on muscle progenitor cell infiltration, proliferation, organization, and maturation was evaluated in vitro using a near-infrared fluorescent protein (iRFP) transfected cell line to assess cells in the 3D scaffold. Larger channel sizes and dECM coating were found to enhance cell proliferation and maturation, while no discernable effect on cell alignment was observed. In addition, a pilot experiment was carried out to evaluate the regenerative capacity of this scaffold in vivo after a VML injury. Overall, this platform demonstrates a simple model to study muscle progenitor recruitment and differentiation into acellular scaffolds after VML repair.
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14
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Thangadurai M, Ajith A, Budharaju H, Sethuraman S, Sundaramurthi D. Advances in electrospinning and 3D bioprinting strategies to enhance functional regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 142:213135. [PMID: 36215745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles are essential for body movement, and the loss of motor function due to volumetric muscle loss (VML) limits the mobility of patients. Current therapeutic approaches are insufficient to offer complete functional recovery of muscle damages. Tissue engineering provides viable ways to fabricate scaffolds to regenerate damaged tissues. Hence, tissue engineering options are explored to address existing challenges in the treatment options for muscle regeneration. Electrospinning is a widely employed fabrication technique to make muscle mimetic nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue regeneration. 3D bioprinting has also been utilized to fabricate muscle-like tissues in recent times. This review discusses the anatomy of skeletal muscle, defects, the healing process, and various treatment options for VML. Further, the advanced strategies in electrospinning of natural and synthetic polymers are discussed, along with the recent developments in the fabrication of hybrid scaffolds. Current approaches in 3D bioprinting of skeletal muscle tissues are outlined with special emphasis on the combination of electrospinning and 3D bioprinting towards the development of fully functional muscle constructs. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of these convergence techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumithra Thangadurai
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Athulya Ajith
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Harshavardhan Budharaju
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India
| | - Dhakshinamoorthy Sundaramurthi
- Tissue Engineering & Additive Manufacturing (TEAM) Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, ABCDE Innovation Centre, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, India.
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15
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Basurto IM, Muhammad SA, Gardner GM, Christ GJ, Caliari SR. Controlling scaffold conductivity and pore size to direct myogenic cell alignment and differentiation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1681-1694. [PMID: 35762455 PMCID: PMC9540010 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle's combination of three-dimensional (3D) anisotropy and electrical excitability is critical for enabling normal movement. We previously developed a 3D aligned collagen scaffold incorporating conductive polypyrrole (PPy) particles to recapitulate these key muscle properties and showed that the scaffold facilitated enhanced myotube maturation compared with nonconductive controls. To further optimize this scaffold design, this work assessed the influence of conductive polymer incorporation and scaffold pore architecture on myogenic cell behavior. Conductive PPy and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) particles were synthesized and mixed into a suspension of type I collagen and chondroitin sulfate prior to directional freeze-drying to produce anisotropic scaffolds. Energy dispersive spectroscopy revealed homogenous distribution of conductive PEDOT particles throughout the scaffolds that resulted in a threefold increase in electrical conductivity while supporting similar myoblast metabolic activity compared to nonconductive scaffolds. Control of freezing temperature enabled fabrication of PEDOT-doped scaffolds with a range of pore diameters from 98 to 238 μm. Myoblasts conformed to the anisotropic contact guidance cues independent of pore size to display longitudinal cytoskeletal alignment. The increased specific surface area of the smaller pore scaffolds helped rescue the initial decrease in myoblast metabolic activity observed in larger pore conductive scaffolds while also promoting modestly increased expression levels of the myogenic marker myosin heavy chain (MHC) and gene expression of myoblast determination protein (MyoD). However, cell infiltration to the center of the scaffolds was marginally reduced compared with larger pore variants. Together these data underscore the potential of aligned and PEDOT-doped collagen scaffolds for promoting myogenic cell organization and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M. Basurto
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Samir A. Muhammad
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Gregg M. Gardner
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - George J. Christ
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Steven R. Caliari
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
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16
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Zhao G, Zhou H, Jin G, Jin B, Geng S, Luo Z, Ge Z, Xu F. Rational Design of Electrically Conductive Biomaterials toward Excitable Tissues Regeneration. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Fibrous Protein Composite Scaffolds (3D) for Tissue Regeneration: An in vitro Study on Skeletal Muscle Regeneration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Fan J, Abedi-Dorcheh K, Sadat Vaziri A, Kazemi-Aghdam F, Rafieyan S, Sohrabinejad M, Ghorbani M, Rastegar Adib F, Ghasemi Z, Klavins K, Jahed V. A Review of Recent Advances in Natural Polymer-Based Scaffolds for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102097. [PMID: 35631979 PMCID: PMC9145843 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The musculoskeletal (MS) system consists of bone, cartilage, tendon, ligament, and skeletal muscle, which forms the basic framework of the human body. This system plays a vital role in appropriate body functions, including movement, the protection of internal organs, support, hematopoiesis, and postural stability. Therefore, it is understandable that the damage or loss of MS tissues significantly reduces the quality of life and limits mobility. Tissue engineering and its applications in the healthcare industry have been rapidly growing over the past few decades. Tissue engineering has made significant contributions toward developing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of MS defects and relevant disease. Among various biomaterials used for tissue engineering, natural polymers offer superior properties that promote optimal cell interaction and desired biological function. Natural polymers have similarity with the native ECM, including enzymatic degradation, bio-resorb and non-toxic degradation products, ability to conjugate with various agents, and high chemical versatility, biocompatibility, and bioactivity that promote optimal cell interaction and desired biological functions. This review summarizes recent advances in applying natural-based scaffolds for musculoskeletal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhi Fan
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Keyvan Abedi-Dorcheh
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Asma Sadat Vaziri
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Fereshteh Kazemi-Aghdam
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Saeed Rafieyan
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Masoume Sohrabinejad
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Mina Ghorbani
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Fatemeh Rastegar Adib
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zahra Ghasemi
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran; (K.A.-D.); (A.S.V.); (F.K.-A.); (S.R.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (F.R.A.); (Z.G.)
| | - Kristaps Klavins
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (V.J.)
| | - Vahid Jahed
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (V.J.)
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19
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Basturkmen B, Ergene E, Doganay D, Yilgor Huri P, Unalan HE, Aksoy EA. Silver nanowire loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocomposite fibers as electroactive scaffolds for skeletal muscle regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 134:112567. [PMID: 35527139 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) due to trauma and tumor removal operations affects millions of people every year. Although skeletal muscle has a natural repair mechanism, it cannot provide self-healing above a critical level of VML. In this study, nanocomposite aligned fiber scaffolds as support materials were developed for volumetric skeletal muscle regeneration. For this purpose, silver nanowire (Ag NW) loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanocomposite fiber scaffolds (PCL-Ag NW) were prepared to mimic the aligned electroactive structure of skeletal muscle and provide topographic and conductive environment to modulate cellular behavior and orientation. A computer-aided rotational wet spinning (RWS) system was designed to produce high-yield fiber scaffolds. Nanocomposite fiber bundles with lengths of 50 cm were fabricated via this computer-aided RWS system. The morphological, chemical, thermal properties and biodegradation profiles of PCL and PCL-Ag NW nanocomposite fibers were characterized in detail. The proliferation behavior and morphology of C2C12 mouse myoblasts were investigated on PCL and PCL-Ag NW nanocomposite fibrous scaffolds with and without electrical stimulation. Significantly enhanced cell proliferation was observed on PCL-Ag NW nanocomposite fibers compared to neat PCL fibers with electrical stimulations of 1.5 V, 3 V and without electrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berk Basturkmen
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Emre Ergene
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara 06830, Turkey
| | - Doga Doganay
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Pinar Yilgor Huri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara 06830, Turkey
| | - Husnu Emrah Unalan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University (METU), Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Eda Ayse Aksoy
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
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20
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Tacchi F, Orozco-Aguilar J, Gutiérrez D, Simon F, Salazar J, Vilos C, Cabello-Verrugio C. Scaffold biomaterials and nano-based therapeutic strategies for skeletal muscle regeneration. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2521-2538. [PMID: 34743611 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is integral to the functioning of the human body. Several pathological conditions, such as trauma (primary lesion) or genetic diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), can affect and impair its functions or exceed its regeneration capacity. Tissue engineering (TE) based on natural, synthetic and hybrid biomaterials provides a robust platform for developing scaffolds that promote skeletal muscle regeneration, strength recovery, vascularization and innervation. Recent 3D-cell printing technology and the use of nanocarriers for the release of drugs, peptides and antisense oligonucleotides support unique therapeutic alternatives. Here, the authors present recent advances in scaffold biomaterials and nano-based therapeutic strategies for skeletal muscle regeneration and perspectives for future endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Tacchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility & Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, 8350709, Chile
| | - Josué Orozco-Aguilar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility & Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, 8350709, Chile
| | - Danae Gutiérrez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility & Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, 8350709, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD),Universidad de Chile, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile
| | - Javier Salazar
- Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, 8350709, Chile.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Targeted Delivery, Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Cristian Vilos
- Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, 8350709, Chile.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Targeted Delivery, Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 3460000, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility & Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology & Immunotherapy, Santiago, 8370146, Chile.,Center for The Development of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, 8350709, Chile
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21
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Towards bioengineered skeletal muscle: recent developments in vitro and in vivo. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:555-567. [PMID: 34342361 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a functional tissue that accounts for approximately 40% of the human body mass. It has remarkable regenerative potential, however, trauma and volumetric muscle loss, progressive disease and aging can lead to significant muscle loss that the body cannot recover from. Clinical approaches to address this range from free-flap transfer for traumatic events involving volumetric muscle loss, to myoblast transplantation and gene therapy to replace muscle loss due to sarcopenia and hereditary neuromuscular disorders, however, these interventions are often inadequate. The adoption of engineering paradigms, in particular materials engineering and materials/tissue interfacing in biology and medicine, has given rise to the rapidly growing, multidisciplinary field of bioengineering. These methods have facilitated the development of new biomaterials that sustain cell growth and differentiation based on bionic biomimicry in naturally occurring and synthetic hydrogels and polymers, as well as additive fabrication methods to generate scaffolds that go some way to replicate the structural features of skeletal muscle. Recent advances in biofabrication techniques have resulted in significant improvements to some of these techniques and have also offered promising alternatives for the engineering of living muscle constructs ex vivo to address the loss of significant areas of muscle. This review highlights current research in this area and discusses the next steps required towards making muscle biofabrication a clinical reality.
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22
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Alarcin E, Bal-Öztürk A, Avci H, Ghorbanpoor H, Dogan Guzel F, Akpek A, Yesiltas G, Canak-Ipek T, Avci-Adali M. Current Strategies for the Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5929. [PMID: 34072959 PMCID: PMC8198586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injuries, tumor resections, and degenerative diseases can damage skeletal muscle and lead to functional impairment and severe disability. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process that depends on various cell types, signaling molecules, architectural cues, and physicochemical properties to be successful. To promote muscle repair and regeneration, various strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering have been developed in the last decades. However, there is still a high demand for the development of new methods and materials that promote skeletal muscle repair and functional regeneration to bring approaches closer to therapies in the clinic that structurally and functionally repair muscle. The combination of stem cells, biomaterials, and biomolecules is used to induce skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we provide an overview of different cell types used to treat skeletal muscle injury, highlight current strategies in biomaterial-based approaches, the importance of topography for the successful creation of functional striated muscle fibers, and discuss novel methods for muscle regeneration and challenges for their future clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Alarcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Ayca Bal-Öztürk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avci
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Research Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Hamed Ghorbanpoor
- AvciBio Research Group, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Dogan Guzel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, 06010 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Ali Akpek
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Gözde Yesiltas
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400 Gebze, Turkey; (A.A.); (G.Y.)
| | - Tuba Canak-Ipek
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
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