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Adair LD, Graziotto ME, Koh T, Kidman CJ, Schwehr BJ, Hackett MJ, Massi M, Harris HH, New EJ. Correlative multimodal optical and X-ray fluorescence imaging of brominated fluorophores. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 38899402 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01956c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Imaging with multiple modalities can maximise the information gained from the analysis of a single sample. probes for optical fluorescence and X-ray fluorescence microscopy based on brominated 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide and BODIPY scaffolds have been successfully designed and synthesised. Herein we show that these prototype probes, based on each of these scaffolds, can be imaged in two different cancer cell lines, and that the respective optical fluorescence and X-ray fluorescence signals are well correlated in these images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam D Adair
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Marcus E Graziotto
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Terry Koh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Clinton J Kidman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Bradley J Schwehr
- School of Molecular and Life Science, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - Mark J Hackett
- School of Molecular and Life Science, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- School of Molecular and Life Science, Curtin University, Bentley WA 6102, Australia
| | - Hugh H Harris
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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2
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Işık M, Kısaçam MA. Readily Accessible and Brightly Fluorogenic BODIPY/NBD-Tetrazines via S NAr Reactions. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6513-6519. [PMID: 38598957 PMCID: PMC11077493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
We describe SNAr reactions of some commercial amino-tetrazines and halo-dyes, which give efficiently quenched BODIPY/NBD-tetrazines (ΦFl < 0.01) in high yields and, importantly, with high purities affordable via simple silica gel chromatography only. The dyes exhibit large Stokes shifts, moderate environmental sensitivity, and emission enhancements (up to 193-fold) upon Tz ligation with BCN─a strained dienophile. They successfully serve as labels for HSA protein premodified with BCN, resulting in bright blue-green emission upon ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Işık
- Department
of Food Engineering, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Ali Kısaçam
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, 31060 Hatay, Türkiye
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3
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Auvray M, Naud-Martin D, Fontaine G, Bolze F, Clavier G, Mahuteau-Betzer F. Ultrabright two-photon excitable red-emissive fluorogenic probes for fast and wash-free bioorthogonal labelling in live cells. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8119-8128. [PMID: 37538830 PMCID: PMC10395273 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01754k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorogenic bioorthogonal reactions are promising tools for tracking small molecules or biomolecules in living organisms. Two-photon excitation, by shifting absorption towards the red, significantly increases the signal-to-noise ratio and decreases photodamage, while allowing imaging about 10 times deeper than with a confocal microscope. However, efficient two-photon excitable fluorogenic probes are currently lacking. We report here the design and synthesis of fluorogenic probes based on a two-photon excitable fluorophore and a tetrazine quenching moiety. These probes react with bicyclo[6.1.0]no-4-yn-9ylmethanol (BCN) with a good to impressive kinetic rate constant (up to 1.1 × 103 M-1 s-1) and emit in the red window with moderate to high turn-on ratios. TDDFT allowed the rationalization of both the kinetic and fluorogenic performance of the different probes. The best candidate displays a 13.8-fold turn-on measured by quantifying fluorescence intensities in live cells under one-photon excitation, whereas a value of 3 is sufficient for high contrast live-cell imaging. In addition, live-cell imaging under two-photon excitation confirmed that there was no need for washing to monitor the reaction between BCN and this probe since an 8.0-fold turn-on was measured under two-photon excitation. Finally, the high two-photon brightness of the clicked adduct (>300 GM) allows the use of a weak laser power compatible with in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Auvray
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Chemistry and Modeling for the Biology of Cancer Institut Curie, Université PSL 91400 Orsay France
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Chemistry and Modeling for the Biology of Cancer, Université Paris-Saclay 91400 Orsay France
| | - Delphine Naud-Martin
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Chemistry and Modeling for the Biology of Cancer Institut Curie, Université PSL 91400 Orsay France
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Chemistry and Modeling for the Biology of Cancer, Université Paris-Saclay 91400 Orsay France
| | - Gaëlle Fontaine
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Chemistry and Modeling for the Biology of Cancer Institut Curie, Université PSL 91400 Orsay France
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Chemistry and Modeling for the Biology of Cancer, Université Paris-Saclay 91400 Orsay France
| | - Frédéric Bolze
- UMR7199, Faculté de Pharmacie 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
| | | | - Florence Mahuteau-Betzer
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Chemistry and Modeling for the Biology of Cancer Institut Curie, Université PSL 91400 Orsay France
- CNRS UMR9187, Inserm U1196, Chemistry and Modeling for the Biology of Cancer, Université Paris-Saclay 91400 Orsay France
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4
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Shi C, Luo J, Wang Y, Ding L, Liang Q, Yang Z, Lu J, Wu A. A water-soluble naphthalimide fluorescent probe for Cr 2O 72- and Fe 3+ based on inner filter effect. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 289:122245. [PMID: 36535222 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A probe 3 (2-ethoxy-N-(2-(2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl)-1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[de] isoquinolin-6-yl)benzamide) that could selectively respond to Cr2O72- and Fe3+ was reported in this paper. The selectivity, pH titration, concentration titration, detection limit, time dependence, quenching constant and recognition mechanism of probe 3 for Cr2O72- and Fe3+ were studied in CH3CN/HEPES buffer solution. The results showed that Cr2O72- and Fe3+ could rapidly quench the fluorescence of probe 3 through the inner filter effect (IFE). The quenching kept constant after 30 s, and the quenching constants were 7.99 × 103 L.mol-1 and 4.13 × 103 L.mol-1, respectively. The detection limits of probe 3 for Cr2O72- and Fe3+ were 1.15 μmol.L-1 and 1.95 μmol.L-1, respectively, which were lower than the maximum allowable concentrations in drinking water stipulated by EPA. The determination results of Cr2O72- and Fe3+ in water samples indicated that probe 3 could be used as a potential detection tool in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntian Shi
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Jiangxiong Luo
- College of Mechanical & Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yijun Wang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Ling Ding
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Qingxiang Liang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Zhihui Yang
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China
| | - Jihao Lu
- School of Science, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300392, PR China
| | - Aibin Wu
- School of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, PR China.
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5
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Kikuchi K, Adair LD, Lin J, New EJ, Kaur A. Photochemical Mechanisms of Fluorophores Employed in Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202204745. [PMID: 36177530 PMCID: PMC10100239 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Decoding cellular processes requires visualization of the spatial distribution and dynamic interactions of biomolecules. It is therefore not surprising that innovations in imaging technologies have facilitated advances in biomedical research. The advent of super-resolution imaging technologies has empowered biomedical researchers with the ability to answer long-standing questions about cellular processes at an entirely new level. Fluorescent probes greatly enhance the specificity and resolution of super-resolution imaging experiments. Here, we introduce key super-resolution imaging technologies, with a brief discussion on single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). We evaluate the chemistry and photochemical mechanisms of fluorescent probes employed in SMLM. This Review provides guidance on the identification and adoption of fluorescent probes in single molecule localization microscopy to inspire the design of next-generation fluorescent probes amenable to single-molecule imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kikuchi
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 305, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Liam D Adair
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jiarun Lin
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J New
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 305, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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6
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Direct observation of heterogeneous formation of amyloid spherulites in real-time by super-resolution microscopy. Commun Biol 2022; 5:850. [PMID: 35987792 PMCID: PMC9392779 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding in the form of fibrils or spherulites is involved in a spectrum of pathological abnormalities. Our current understanding of protein aggregation mechanisms has primarily relied on the use of spectrometric methods to determine the average growth rates and diffraction-limited microscopes with low temporal resolution to observe the large-scale morphologies of intermediates. We developed a REal-time kinetics via binding and Photobleaching LOcalization Microscopy (REPLOM) super-resolution method to directly observe and quantify the existence and abundance of diverse aggregate morphologies of human insulin, below the diffraction limit and extract their heterogeneous growth kinetics. Our results revealed that even the growth of microscopically identical aggregates, e.g., amyloid spherulites, may follow distinct pathways. Specifically, spherulites do not exclusively grow isotropically but, surprisingly, may also grow anisotropically, following similar pathways as reported for minerals and polymers. Combining our technique with machine learning approaches, we associated growth rates to specific morphological transitions and provided energy barriers and the energy landscape at the level of single aggregate morphology. Our unifying framework for the detection and analysis of spherulite growth can be extended to other self-assembled systems characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity, disentangling the broad spectrum of diverse morphologies at the single-molecule level. Real-time super-resolution microscopy analysis reveals the growth kinetics, morphology, and abundance of human insulin amyloid spherulites with different growth pathways.
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7
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Kaur A, Adair LD, Ball SR, New EJ, Sunde M. A Fluorescent Sensor for Quantitative Super‐Resolution Imaging of Amyloid Fibril Assembly**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Liam D. Adair
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Sarah R. Ball
- School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Elizabeth J. New
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Margaret Sunde
- School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
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8
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Shi C, Yu M, Wu A, Luo J, Li X, Wang N, Shu W, Yu W. A Water-Soluble Naphthalimide-Based Fluorescent Probe for Specific Sensing of Fe 3+ and $\text{C}{{\text{r}}_{2}}\text{O}_{7}^{2-}$. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202204032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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9
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Kaur A, Adair LD, Ball SR, New EJ, Sunde M. A Fluorescent Sensor for Quantitative Super-resolution Imaging of Amyloid Fibril Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112832. [PMID: 34935241 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Many soluble proteins can self-assemble into macromolecular structures called amyloids, a subset of which are implicated in a range of neurodegenerative disorders. The nanoscale size and structural heterogeneity of prefibrillar and early aggregates, as well as mature amyloid fibrils, pose significant challenges for the quantification of amyloid species, identification of their cellular interaction partners and for elucidation of the molecular basis for cytotoxicity. We report a fluorescent amyloid sensor AmyBlink-1 and its application in super-resolution imaging of amyloid structures. AmyBlink-1 exhibits a 5-fold increase in ratio of the green (thioflavin T) to red (Alexa Fluor 647) emission intensities upon interaction with amyloid fibrils. Using AmyBlink-1 , we performed nanoscale imaging of four different types of amyloid fibrils, achieving a resolution of ~30 nm. AmyBlink-1 enables nanoscale visualization and subsequent quantification of morphological features, such as the length and skew of individual amyloid aggregates formed at different times along the amyloid assembly pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandeep Kaur
- University of Sydney, School.of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| | - Liam D Adair
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, AUSTRALIA
| | - Sarah R Ball
- The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Margaret Sunde
- The University of Sydney, School of Medical Sciences, AUSTRALIA
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