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Hardt M, Honnigfort C, Carrascosa-Tejedor J, Braun MG, Winnall S, Glikman D, Gutfreund P, Campbell RA, Braunschweig B. Photoresponsive arylazopyrazole surfactant/PDADMAC mixtures: reversible control of bulk and interfacial properties. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:9975-9984. [PMID: 38695540 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05414d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
In many applications of polyelectrolyte/surfactant (P/S) mixtures, it is difficult to fine-tune them after mixing the components without changing the sample composition, e.g. pH or the ionic strength. Here we report on a new approach where we use photoswitchable surfactants to enable drastic changes in both the bulk and interfacial properties. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) mixtures with three alkyl-arylazopyrazole butyl sulfonates (CnAAP) with -H, -butyl and -octyl tails are applied and E/Z photoisomerization of the surfactants is used to cause substantially different hydrophobic interactions between the surfactants and PDADMAC. These remotely controlled changes affect significantly the P/S binding and allows for tuning both the bulk and interfacial properties of PDADMAC/CnAAP mixtures through light irradiation. For that, we have fixed the surfactant concentrations at values where they exhibit pronounced surface tension changes upon E/Z photoisomerization with 365 nm UV light (Z) and 520 nm green (E) light and have varied the PDADMAC concentration. The electrophoretic mobility can be largely tuned by photoisomerisation of CnAAP surfactants and P/S aggregates, which can even exhibit a charge reversal from negative to positive values or vice versa. In addition, low colloidal stability at equimolar concentrations of PDADMAC with CnAAP surfactants in the E configuration lead to the formation of large aggregates in the bulk which can be broken up by irradiation with UV light when the surfactant's alkyl chain is short enough (C0AAP). Vibrational sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy reveals changes at the interface similar to the bulk, where the charging state at air-water interfaces can be modified with light irradiation. Using SFG spectroscopy, we interrogated the O-H stretching modes of interfacial H2O and provide qualitative information on surface charging that is complemented by neutron reflectometry, from which we resolved the surface excesses of PDADMAC and CnAAP at the air-water interface, independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hardt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Christian Honnigfort
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Javier Carrascosa-Tejedor
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Marius G Braun
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Samuel Winnall
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Dana Glikman
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Philipp Gutfreund
- Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Richard A Campbell
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Glikman D, Wyszynski L, Lindfeld V, Hochstädt S, Hansen MR, Neugebauer J, Schönhoff M, Braunschweig B. Charge Regulation at the Nanoscale as Evidenced from Light-Responsive Nanoemulsions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8362-8371. [PMID: 38483326 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Emulsions are indispensable in everyday life, and the demand for emulsions' diversity and control of properties is therefore substantial. As emulsions possess a high internal surface area, an understanding of the oil/water (o/w) interfaces at the molecular level is fundamental but often impaired by experimental limitations to probe emulsion interfaces in situ. Here, we have used light-responsive surfactants (butyl-AAP) that can photoisomerize between E and Z isomers by visible and UV light irradiation to tune the emulsion interfaces. This causes massive changes in the interface tension at the extended o/w interfaces in macroemulsions and a drastic shift in the surfactants' critical micelle concentration, which we show can be used to control both the stability and phase separation. Strikingly different from macroemulsions are nanoemulsions (RH ∼90 nm) as these are not susceptible to E/Z photoisomerization of the surfactants in terms of changes in their droplet size or ζ-potential. However, in situ second-harmonic scattering and pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments show dramatic and reversible changes in the surface excess of surfactants at the nanoscopic interfaces. The apparent differences in ζ-potentials and surface excess provide evidence for a fixed charge to particle size ratio and the need for counterion condensation to renormalize the particle charge to a critical charge, which is markedly different compared to the behavior of very large particles in macroemulsions. Thus, our findings may have broader implications as the electrostatic stabilization of nanoparticles requires much lower surfactant concentrations, allowing for a more sustainable use of surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Glikman
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Leonard Wyszynski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Valentin Lindfeld
- Organic Chemistry Institute, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hochstädt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Ryan Hansen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Organic Chemistry Institute, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Monika Schönhoff
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Hardt M, Busse F, Raschke S, Honnigfort C, Carrascosa-Tejedor J, Wenk P, Gutfreund P, Campbell RA, Heuer A, Braunschweig B. Photo-Responsive Control of Adsorption and Structure Formation at the Air-Water Interface with Arylazopyrazoles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:5861-5871. [PMID: 37058525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Smart interfaces that are responsive to external triggers such as light are of great interest for the development of responsive or adaptive materials and interfaces. Using alkyl-arylazopyrazole butyl sulfonate surfactants (alkyl-AAP) that can undergo E/Z photoisomerization when irradiated with green (E) and UV (Z) lights, we demonstrate through a combination of experiments and computer simulations that there can be surprisingly large changes in surface tension and in the molecular structure and order at air-water interfaces. Surface tensiometry, vibrational sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy, and neutron reflectometry (NR) are applied to the study of custom-synthesized AAP surfactants with octyl- and H-terminal groups at air-water interfaces as a function of their bulk concentration and E/Z configuration. Upon photoswitching, a drastic influence of the alkyl chain on both the surface activity and the responsiveness of interfacial surfactants is revealed from changes in the surface tension, γ, where the largest changes in γ are observed for octyl-AAP (Δγ ∼ 23 mN/m) in contrast to H-AAP with Δγ < 10 mN/m. Results from vibrational SFG spectroscopy and NR show that the interfacial composition and the molecular order of the surfactants drastically change with E/Z photoisomerization and surface coverage. Indeed, from analysis of the S-O (head group) and C-H vibrational bands (hydrophobic tail), a qualitative analysis of orientational and structural changes of interfacial AAP surfactants is provided. The experiments are complemented by resolution of thermodynamic parameters such as equilibrium constants from ultra-coarse-grained simulations, which also capture details like island formation and interaction parameters of interfacial molecules. Here, the interparticle interaction ("stickiness") and the interaction with the surface are adjusted, closely reflecting experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hardt
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Franziska Busse
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simon Raschke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Honnigfort
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Javier Carrascosa-Tejedor
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, M13 9PT Manchester, U.K
| | - Paul Wenk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp Gutfreund
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Richard A Campbell
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, M13 9PT Manchester, U.K
| | - Andreas Heuer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Braunschweig
- Center for Soft Nanoscience, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Gradzielski M. Polymer-Surfactant Interaction for Controlling the Rheological Properties of Aqueous Surfactant Solutions. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Li X, Pan J, Shi J, Chai Y, Hu S, Han Q, Zhang Y, Li X, Jing D. Nanoparticle-induced drag reduction for polyacrylamide in turbulent flow with high Reynolds numbers. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bhunia S, Dolai A, Bera S, Samanta S. Near-Complete Bidirectional Photoisomerization of para-Dialkylamino-Substituted Arylazopyrazoles under Violet and Green or Red Lights. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4449-4454. [PMID: 35201776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
para-Dimethylamine- and para-pyrrolidine-substituted arylazopyrazoles display very high to near-quantitative or quantitative bidirectional isomerization under violet and green or red lights in both polar (DMSO and DMSO/aqueous buffer, pH 7.5) and nonpolar solvents. These switches confer a reasonable thermal stability to their cis-states (t1/2 ≈ 4-7 h in DMSO and DMSO/buffer) and also show a high level of resistance to photobleaching and an impressive stability to reduction by glutathione. Using DFT calculations, attempts have been made to decipher the photophysical properties and thermal stabilities of the cis isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Anirban Dolai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Satyajit Bera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhas Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India
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Hu H, Jiang B, Zhang B, Wang R, Zhang C, Sun C, Hu B. Novel pyrazolyazoindole derivatives as photoswitches: design, synthesis, and photoswitching behavior research combined with theoretical methods. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03526j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel pyrazolyazoindole photoswitches with high to near-complete photoconversion, adjustable thermal half-lives, photochromic properties, and potential application value are developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bitao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chengguo Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Bingcheng Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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