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Petrusevich EF, Głodek M, Antoniak MA, Muzioł T, Plażuk D, Siomra A, Nyk M, Ośmiałowski B, Zaleśny R. Difluoroborate-based bichromophores: Symmetry relaxation and two-photon absorption. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 295:122600. [PMID: 36930837 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Given potential applications of multiphoton absorbers, in the present work we have studied the symmetry-relaxation effects in one- and two-photon absorption spectra in two bichromophore systems based on difluoroborate core linked by biphenylene or bianthracene moieties. We have employed a palette of experimental methods (synthesis, one- and two-photon spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography) and state-of-the-art computational methods to shed light on how symmetry relaxation, a result of twisting of building blocks, affects one- and two-photon absorption of the two studied fluorescent dyes. Electronic-structure calculations revealed that the planarity of central biphenyl moiety, as well as deviations from planarity up to 30-40 deg., ensure maximum values of two-photon transition strengths. Perpendicular arrangement of phenylene units in biphenylene moiety leads to 20% drop in the two-photon transition strengths. More detailed studies demonstrated that equilibrium structures of both compounds in chloroform solution show very different values of two-photon absorption cross sections at absorption band maxima, i.e. 224 GM for and 134 GM for biphenyle and bianthracene linkers, respectively. The latter value is in good agreement with experimental value obtained using Z-scan method. The difference in two-photon absorption cross section between both compounds can be rationalized based on equilibrium geometry differences, i.e. interplanar angle is 35 deg and 91 deg in the case of biphenylene and bianthracene moiety, respectively. It is thus not beneficial to introduce conformationally locked central linker based on bianthracene moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta F Petrusevich
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, PL-50-370, Poland
| | - Marta Głodek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina Street 7, Toruń, PL-87-100, Poland
| | - Magda A Antoniak
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, PL-50-370, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Muzioł
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina Street 7, Toruń, PL-87-100, Poland
| | - Damian Plażuk
- Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, Łódź, PL-90-403, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Siomra
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, PL-50-370, Poland
| | - Marcin Nyk
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, PL-50-370, Poland
| | - Borys Ośmiałowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina Street 7, Toruń, PL-87-100, Poland.
| | - Robert Zaleśny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, PL-50-370, Poland.
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Sudarkova SM, Ioffe IN. E/ Z photoisomerization pathway in pristine and fluorinated di(3-furyl)ethenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:23749-23757. [PMID: 36156663 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02563a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report an XMCQDPT2 study of the E/Z photoisomerization in a series of fluorinated di(3-furyl)ethenes (3DFEs). Upon excitation, pristine and low-fluorinated 3DFE show conventional behavior of many diarylethenes: unhindered twisting motion toward the pyramidalized zwitterionic state where relaxation to the ground state occurs. However, deep fluorination of 3DFEs can hamper E-to-Z isomerization by giving rise to an alternative excited-state relaxation pathway: an out-of-plane motion of a ring fluorine atom. Importantly, the case of fluorinated 3DFEs reveals serious deficiencies of the popular TDDFT approach. With some commonly used exchange-correlation functionals, the alternative relaxation pathway is not reproduced and, moreover, an irrelevant ring rotation coordinate is predicted instead. Nevertheless, TDDFT remains qualitatively adequate for the E-to-Z twisting coordinate taken alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana M Sudarkova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Ilya N Ioffe
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Landeros-Rivera B, Hernández-Trujillo J. Control of Molecular Conformation and Crystal Packing of Biphenyl Derivatives. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202100492. [PMID: 34984848 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This Review presents a discussion of the conformation of biphenyl derivatives in different chemical environments. The interplay between aromatic stabilization and steric repulsion, normally considered to explain the conformation of the molecule, is contrasted with the interpretation provided by models not based on molecular orbitals. The electronic control of conformation by means of appropriate hydrogen substitution is discussed by examples taken from chemistry and molecular electronics. Supramolecular synthons involving biphenyl are critically analyzed in terms of the molecular conformation, crystal packing and intermolecular forces. Some directions for future research on the control of the conformation of biphenyls are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Landeros-Rivera
- Sorbonne Université & CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, UMR CNRS 7616, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jesús Hernández-Trujillo
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Escolar Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
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