Photovoltaic performance and power conversion efficiency prediction of double fence porphyrins

The Impact of TPA Auxiliary Donor and the π-Linkers on the Performance of Newly Designed Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Computational Investigation

The efficiency of the newly designed dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) containing triphenylamine, diphenylamine (TPA), phenothiazine, and phenoxazine as donors and triazine, phenyl with D₁-D₂-π-linker-π-(A)₂ architecture has been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD-DFT) methods. These methods were used to investigate the geometrical structures, electronic properties, absorption, photovoltaic properties, and chemical reactivity. Furthermore, the calculated results indicate that different architectures can modify the energy levels of HOMO and LUMO and reduce the energy gap. The absorption undergoes a redshift displacement. This work aims at calculating the structural geometries and the electronic and optical properties of the designed dyes. Furthermore, the dye adsorption characteristics, such as the optoelectronic properties and the adsorption energies in the TiO₂ clusters, were calculated with counterpoise correction and discussed.

AIE and reversible mechanofluorochromism characteristics of new imidazole-based donor-π-acceptor dyes

Four new imidazole-based donor–π–acceptor 2a–2d dyes have been synthesized, and their solvatochromism, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and mechanofluorochromic (MFC) properties were investigated. The new dyes 2a–2d were designed to have 1,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole as an electron donor (D) and 1-indanone, 1,3-indandione, 2-phenylacetonitrile and 2-thiopheneacetonitrile as electron acceptors (A) linked through a phenyl bridge. The maximum absorption wavelength of 2a–2d dyes in DCM solution appeared at 376, 437, 368, and 375 nm, respectively. The dyes exhibit a high molar extinction coefficient (ε) and large Stokes shift, making them useful in optoelectronic applications. Solvatochromic properties of dyes 2a–2d have been studied and showed bathochromic changes in emission wavelengths, from 449 to 550 nm for 2a, 476 to 599 nm for 2b, 438 to 520 nm for 2c, and from 439 to 529 nm for 2d, as the solvent polarity increased from n-hexane to acetonitrile. Moreover, in dioxane/water mixture systems, AIE behaviors were observed, and the emission intensity of 2b–2d dyes increased by around 5, 3, and 3 times in the mixed solvent (dioxane : water = 10 : 90) in contrast to pure dioxane. In addition, the XRD data of the 2a–2d dyes in pristine, ground, and fumed states illustrate that the transition between the ordered crystalline and disordered amorphous phases is the primary cause of MFC behaviors mechanism. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) showed that the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of dyes is distributed on the donor unit. In contrast, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) is mainly placed on the acceptor unit to reveal that the HOMO–LUMO transition has a great ICT character.

Four new imidazole-based donor–π–acceptor 2a–2d dyes have been synthesized, and their solvatochromism, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and mechanofluorochromic (MFC) properties were investigated.