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Zhao X, Zhu X, Wang K, Lv J, Chen S, Yao G, Lang J, Lv F, Pu Y, Yang R, Zhang B, Jiang Z, Wan Y. Palladium catalyzed radical relay for the oxidative cross-coupling of quinolines. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4180. [PMID: 35853877 PMCID: PMC9296488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31967-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional approaches for transition-metal catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling reactions rely on sp2-hybridized starting materials, such as aryl halides, and more specifically, homogeneous catalysts. We report a heterogeneous Pd-catalyzed radical relay method for the conversion of a heteroarene C(sp3)–H bond into ethers. Pd nanoparticles are supported on an ordered mesoporous composite which, when compared with microporous activated carbons, greatly increases the Pd d charge because of their strong interaction with N-doped anatase nanocrystals. Mechanistic studies provide evidence that electron-deficient Pd with Pd–O/N coordinations efficiently catalyzes the radical relay reaction to release diffusible methoxyl radicals, and highlight the difference between this surface reaction and C–H oxidation mediated by homogeneous catalysts that operate with cyclopalladated intermediates. The reactions proceed efficiently with a turn-over frequency of 84 h−1 and high selectivity toward ethers of >99%. Negligible Pd leaching and activity loss are observed after 7 catalytic runs. Traditional approaches for transition-metal catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling reactions rely on sp2-hybridized starting materials. Here the authors report a heterogeneous Pd-catalyzed radical relay method for the conversion of a heteroarene C(sp3)–H bond into ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Zhao
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Kang Wang
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junqian Lv
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shangjun Chen
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Yao
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Lang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Fei Lv
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yinghui Pu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Ruoou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bingsen Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P. R. China.
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Zhangjiang National Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Ying Wan
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Joint International Research Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Su K, Wang F. The influence of the oxygen vacancies on the Pt/TiO2 single-atom catalyst-a DFT study. J Mol Model 2022; 28:175. [PMID: 35641797 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The titanium dioxide (TiO2) surface is suitable as a substrate for single-atom catalysts (SACs) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). As a common defect on TiO2, oxygen vacancies may have a significant impact on the adsorption and activity of the adatoms. This work aims to investigate whether titanium dioxide containing surface oxygen vacancies is more suitable as a base material for SACs. This paper calculates the changes in the adsorption energy of the Pt atom and the energy of the d-band center on the perfect surface and the surface containing oxygen vacancies. Concerning the perfect surface, the surface containing oxygen vacancies fixes the Pt atom more firmly and increases the center energy of the d-band of Pt, thereby improving the performance of the Pt atom as SACs. Consequently, the (110) surface of rutile TiO2 with oxygen vacancies may be the best substrate for SACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaibin Su
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengping Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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