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Carvalho WOF, Aiex Taier Filho MT, Oliveira ON, Mejía-Salazar JR, Pereira de Figueiredo FA. Toward Machine-Learning-Accelerated Design of All-Dielectric Magnetophotonic Nanostructures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:42828-42834. [PMID: 39078874 PMCID: PMC11331439 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
All-dielectric magnetophotonic nanostructures are promising for integrated nanophotonic devices with high resolution and sensitivity, but their design requires computationally demanding electromagnetic simulations evaluated through trial and error. In this paper, we propose a machine-learning approach to accelerate the design of these nanostructures. Using a data set of 12 170 samples containing four geometric parameters of the nanostructure and the incidence wavelength, trained neural network and polynomial regression algorithms were capable of predicting the amplitude of the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) within a time frame of 10-3 s and mean square error below 4.2%. With this approach, one can readily identify nanostructures suitable for sensing at ultralow analyte concentrations in aqueous solutions. As a proof of principle, we used the machine-learning models to determine the sensitivity (S = |Δθres/Δna|) of a nanophotonic grating, which is competitive with state-of-the-art systems and exhibits a figure of merit of 672 RIU-1. Furthermore, researchers can use the predictions of TMOKE peaks generated by the algorithms to assess the suitability for experimental setups, adding a layer of utility to the machine-learning methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- William O. F. Carvalho
- Sao
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of Sao Paulo, CP 369, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13560-970, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- Sao
Carlos Institute of Physics, University
of Sao Paulo, CP 369, São
Carlos, São Paulo 13560-970, Brazil
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Carvalho WOF, Spadoti DH, Oliveira ON, Mejía-Salazar JR. Broadband Enhancement of Magneto-Optical Effects in Hybrid Waveguide-Plasmonic Surfaces for Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:42942-42946. [PMID: 39087324 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Conventional magnetophotonic nanostructures typically function within narrow wavelength and incident angle ranges, where resonance is observed and magneto-optical (MO) effects are amplified. Expanding these operational ranges may allow for improved applications, including in (bio)sensing devices. In this study, we describe a hybrid magnetoplasmonic waveguide grating (HMPWG) in which the coupling of plasmonic resonances and waveguide modes leads to enhanced MO effects and sensitivity, according to full-wave electromagnetic simulations. High transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) signals were observed for the full range of wavelengths and angles investigated, i.e., for θinc ≥ 1° and 500 nm ≤ λ ≤ 850 nm. As a proof-of-concept we verified that using the HMPWG nanostructure with an aqueous solution as superstrate one may obtain a sensitivity in variation of the refractive index unit (RIU) of S = 166°/RIU and S = 230 nm/RIU in angle and wavelength interrogation modes, respectively. Upon comparing with conventional magnetoplasmonic gratings, which only enable excitation of plasmonic resonances, we demonstrate that HMPWG nanostructures can be further optimized to reach not only high sensitivity but also high resolution in sensing and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- William O F Carvalho
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo H Spadoti
- Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI), 37500-903 Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sarmiento SA, Moncada-Villa E, Mejía-Salazar JR. Magnetically tunable Brewster angle in uniaxial magneto-optical metamaterials for advanced integration of high-resolution sensing devices. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:1973-1976. [PMID: 38621054 DOI: 10.1364/ol.520552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
In this Letter, we introduce a concept to produce high-resolution, highly integrable biosensing devices. Our idea exploits the highly absorbing modes in multilayered metamaterials to maximize the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE). Results are discussed in the context of dielectric uniaxial (ε eff,∥ ε eff,⊥>0) and hyperbolic metamaterial (ε eff,∥ ε eff,⊥<0) regimes. For applications in gas sensing, we obtained sensitivities of S = 46.02 deg/RIU and S = 73.91 deg/RIU when considering the system working in the uniaxial and hyperbolic regimes, respectively, with figures of merit (resolution) in the order of 310 or higher. On the contrary, when considering the system for biosensing applications (incidence from an aqueous medium), we observed that the proposed mechanism can only be successfully used in the uniaxial regime, where a sensitivity of 56.87 deg/RIU was obtained.
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Li L, Du L, Zong X, Liu Y. VIS-NIR TMOKE enhanced dielectric-metal hybrid structure for high performance dual-channel sensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:35880-35891. [PMID: 38017750 DOI: 10.1364/oe.502432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Magneto-plasmon sensors based on the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) have been extensively studied in recent years. In this paper, we theoretically propose a hybrid structure composed of a one-dimensional bismuth iron garnet: yttrium iron garnet (BIG: YIG) nanowire arrays and thin film stack, which is grown on an infinite thick silicon wafer. The thin film stack, from top to bottom, consists of the following layers: BIG: YIG, SiO2, and Au. By exciting the magnetic dipole resonance mode between the cylindrical nanowires and the SPP mode on the surface of the Au film, dual-channel sensing has been achieved in both visible and infrared spectra. The results demonstrate that the TMOKE response spectrum of the structure supports ultra-narrow linewidths of 0.03 nm in the visible light range and 1.54 nm in the infrared range. By changing the refractive index of the analyte, the detected sensitivity of the sensor system in visible and infrared bands is 553 nm RIU-1 and 285 nm RIU-1, and the Figure of merit (FOM) can reach up to 69125 RIU-1 and 303 RIU-1, respectively. This work provides a theoretical basis and a feasible approach for the design of dual channel gas sensors.
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Du G, Zheng P, Liu N, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhang W. Transverse magneto-optical behavior of nanoporous ferromagnetic film based on anodic aluminum oxide/aluminum template and its sensing application. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:21331-21335. [PMID: 37529872 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) has attracted widespread scientific interest because of its potential applications in biosensor technology, data storage, optical isolation, and telecommunications. More conventional architectures, including prism-based metal/magnetic multilayers and nanoarrays that integrate plasmonic and magnetic materials, are commonly used to amplify TMOKE through the high-quality propagation of the surface plasmon resonance optical mode. However, the main disadvantages of these architectures are their large ohmic losses and radiation damping, resulting in a large optical spectrum linewidth, which hinders the sensing performance. Here, we use a theoretical approach to show that it is possible to employ a low-loss Fabry-Perot optical mode on a magneto-optical platform for TMOKE signal and gaseous sensing enhancement by means of a single CoFeB ferromagnetic film directly overlayed on an already industrial anodic aluminum oxide/aluminum template. The proposed strategy can therefore potentially be exploited for high-precision and low-loss magneto-optical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Du
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Geo-detection Technology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Pingping Zheng
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.
| | - Na Liu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Geo-detection Technology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
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Du G, Zuo Y, Liu N, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhang W. Ferromagnetic Subwavelength Periodic Nanogroove Structure with High Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect for Sensing Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37318511 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) with gas sensing ability was comprehensively investigated in this study by directly patterning a subwavelength periodic nanogroove on a cobalt film. High-amplitude TMOKE was observed for the proposed structure, which was 243 times as intense as that of a smooth film. Further, the physical mechanism responsible for this significant improvement is elucidated by the effective activation of surface plasmon resonance at the gas-cobalt interface. The mechanism was established by investigating the electric field distributions at a resonant angle of incidence and the reflectance spectra associated with the metallic nanogroove grating structure. Moreover, we demonstrate that this scheme has a high detection sensitivity of up to 112.2° per refractive index unit and a large figure of merit, allowing the system to be integrated with microfluidics for sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Du
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Geo-detection Technology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Yamei Zuo
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Na Liu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Geo-detection Technology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Geo-detection Technology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Geo-detection Technology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Geo-detection Technology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
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Zhang W, Du G, Chen H, An K. Enhanced transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect using ferromagnetic metal perforated with nanopore arrays. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9796-9799. [PMID: 36947001 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00460k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement of transverse magneto-optical Kerr effects (T-MOKEs) based on surface plasmon resonance has attracted wide attention because of their high sensing performance. Most studies, however, mainly focus on prism-based magnetoplasmonic structures or architectures that incorporate a noble metal lattice and ferromagnetic layer, hindering device fabrication, miniaturization, and integration into a microfluidic sensing configuration. Herein, we propose a single Co6Ag94 ferromagnetic-metal layer perforated with a square nanopore array system with a pronounced T-MOKE magnitude 51 times higher than that of a smooth film, and with potential to detect gaseous analytes. The proposed system is sufficient to detect gaseous media for early environmental monitoring and enables an accessible pathway for magneto-optical sensor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Geo-detection Technology, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Guoqiang Du
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hebei GEO University, 136 East Huai'an Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China.
| | - Hongming Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Science and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
- Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2 Daliang Zhihui Road, Shunde Distinct, Foshan 528399, China
| | - Kang An
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China
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Wu J, Qing YM. Tunable near-perfect nonreciprocal radiation with a Weyl semimetal and graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9586-9591. [PMID: 36942521 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05945b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
A tunable near-perfect nonreciprocal thermal emitter, consisting of a dielectric plane and a monolayer graphene sandwiched between a subwavelength grating and a Weyl semimetal plane, is proposed and investigated. Near-complete nonreciprocal radiation can be achieved at resonance, breaking the traditional Kirchhoff's law. The underlying physical mechanism, resulting from a guided mode resonance, is disclosed by illustrating the magnetic field distribution. Moreover, the strong nonreciprocity remains well within a wide range of geometrical parameters. What's more, the performance of the near-perfect spectral nonreciprocity can be flexibly controlled in a wide spectral range through varying the Fermi level of graphene and the axial vector of the Weyl semimetal, which reduces the cost and should be interesting for real application. The conclusions of this paper should prompt the further development of tunable nonreciprocal thermal emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- College of Electrical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China.
| | - Ye Ming Qing
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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