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Petrulevicius J, Yang Y, Liu C, Steponaitis M, Kamarauskas E, Daskeviciene M, Bati ASR, Malinauskas T, Jankauskas V, Rakstys K, Kanatzidis MG, Sargent EH, Getautis V. Asymmetric Triphenylethylene-Based Hole Transporting Materials for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7310-7316. [PMID: 38317431 PMCID: PMC10875638 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Molecular hole-transporting materials (HTMs) having triphenylethylene central core were designed, synthesized, and employed in perovskite solar cell (PSC) devices. The synthesized HTM derivatives were obtained in a two- or three-step synthetic procedure, and their characteristics were analyzed by various thermoanalytical, optical, photophysical, and photovoltaic techniques. The most efficient PSC device recorded a 23.43% power conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the longevity of the device employing V1509 HTM surpassed that of PSC with state-of-art spiro-OMeTAD as the reference HTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius Petrulevicius
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Yi Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matas Steponaitis
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Egidijus Kamarauskas
- Institute
of Chemical Physics Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 3, Vilnius 10257, Lithuania
| | - Maryte Daskeviciene
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Abdulaziz S. R. Bati
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tadas Malinauskas
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Institute
of Chemical Physics Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 3, Vilnius 10257, Lithuania
| | - Kasparas Rakstys
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
| | - Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Edward H. Sargent
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas
University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas 50254, Lithuania
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2
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Bouihi F, Schmaltz B, Mathevet F, Kreher D, Faure-Vincent J, Yildirim C, Elhakmaoui A, Bouclé J, Akssira M, Tran-Van F, Abarbri M. D-π-A-Type Pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidine-Based Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells: Effect of the Functionalization Position. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7992. [PMID: 36431477 PMCID: PMC9697137 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Donor−acceptor (D−A) small molecules are regarded as promising hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to their tunable optoelectronic properties. This paper reports the design, synthesis and characterization of three novel isomeric D-π-A small molecules PY1, PY2 and PY3. The chemical structures of the molecules consist of a pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acceptor core functionalized with one 3,6-bis(4,4′-dimethoxydiphenylamino)carbazole (3,6-CzDMPA) donor moiety via a phenyl π-spacer at the 3, 5 and 7 positions, respectively. The isolated compounds possess suitable energy levels, sufficient thermal stability (Td > 400 °C), molecular glass behavior with Tg values in the range of 127−136 °C slightly higher than that of the reference material Spiro-OMeTAD (126 °C) and acceptable hydrophobicity. Undoped PY1 demonstrates the highest hole mobility (3 × 10−6 cm2 V−1 s−1) compared to PY2 and PY3 (1.3 × 10−6 cm2 V−1 s−1). The whole isomers were incorporated as doped HTMs in planar n-i-p PSCs based on double cation perovskite FA0.85Cs0.15Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3. The non-optimized device fabricated using PY1 exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.41%, similar to that obtained using the reference, Spiro-OMeTAD, which demonstrated a maximum PCE of 12.58% under the same conditions. The PY2 and PY3 materials demonstrated slightly lower performance in device configuration, with relatively moderate PCEs of 10.21% and 10.82%, respectively, and slight hysteresis behavior (−0.01 and 0.02). The preliminary stability testing of PSCs is also described. The PY1-based device exhibited better stability than the device using Spiro-OMeTAD, which could be related to its slightly superior hydrophobic character preventing water diffusion into the perovskite layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatiha Bouihi
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l’Energie (EA 6299), Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Biotechnologies des Biomolécules et des Matériaux (LCP2BM), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Mohammedia, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 28800, Morocco
| | - Bruno Schmaltz
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l’Energie (EA 6299), Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Fabrice Mathevet
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - David Kreher
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, IPCM, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, UMR 8180, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78035 Versailles, France
| | | | - Ceren Yildirim
- CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, Université de Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Ahmed Elhakmaoui
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Biotechnologies des Biomolécules et des Matériaux (LCP2BM), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Mohammedia, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 28800, Morocco
| | - Johann Bouclé
- CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, Université de Limoges, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Mohamed Akssira
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Biotechnologies des Biomolécules et des Matériaux (LCP2BM), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Mohammedia, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, BP 146, Mohammedia 28800, Morocco
| | - François Tran-Van
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l’Energie (EA 6299), Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Mohamed Abarbri
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux et des Electrolytes pour l’Energie (EA 6299), Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
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Liu Y, Zhu S, Li W, Su Y, Zhou H, Chen R, Chen W, Zhang W, Niu X, Chen X, An Z. An optimal molecule-matching co-sensitization system for the improvement of photovoltaic performances of DSSCs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22580-22588. [PMID: 36102796 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02796h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three biphenyl co-sensitizers (4OBA, 8OBA and 12OBA) with different terminal oxyalkyl chains were synthesized and co-sensitized respectively with the main dye (NP-1) in co-sensitized solar cells (co-DSSCs). The effects of the terminal oxyalkyl chains on the photophysical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties of the co-DSSCs were systematically investigated. The optimal molecular matching relationship between the co-sensitizers and the main dye was obtained through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Consequently, 4OBA has the most appropriate three-dimensional (3D) molecular structure, which could not only fill the gap between the large-size dyes but also plays a partial shielding role, inhibiting dye aggregation and electron recombination, therefore yielding the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) for the co-DSSCs with NP-1@4OBA. This study suggests that adjusting the terminal oxyalkyl chains of the co-sensitizers can be used to enhance the intramolecular charge transfer efficiency and inhibit electron recombination, ultimately improving the photovoltaic performances of the co-DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710021, China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Shengbo Zhu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710021, China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710021, China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Yilin Su
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710021, China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710021, China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Ran Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (MOE), Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.,International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Photoelectric Materials Science, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Weixing Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710021, China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Wenzhi Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710021, China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Xiaoling Niu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Functional Materials and Devices, Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710021, China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Xinbing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (MOE), Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.,International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Photoelectric Materials Science, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei An
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (MOE), Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.,International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Photoelectric Materials Science, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, P. R. China
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4
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Zhu W, Zhou K, Fo Y, Li Y, Guo B, Zhang X, Zhou X. Rational design of small molecule hole-transporting materials with a linear π-bridge for highly efficient perovskite solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18793-18804. [PMID: 35904025 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02036j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Developing highly efficient small molecule hole-transporting materials (HTMs) to improve the performance of devices is one of the hot topics in the progress of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, a series of molecules are designed by utilizing benzocyclobutadiene (C1), bicyclo[6.2.0]decapentaene (C2), naphthalene (C3), biphenylene (C4), fluorene (C5), and azulene (C6) as the π-cores, and p-methoxydiphenylamine (R1), p-methoxytriphenylamine (R2) and p-methoxydiphenylamine-substituted carbazole (R3) as the peripheral groups. For isolated molecules, frontier molecule orbitals, absorption and emission spectra, Stokes shift, stability, solubility, and hole mobility are assessed by density functional theory calculations along with the Marcus theory of electron transfer. The molecules adsorbed on the surface of CH3NH3PbI3 are used to simulate the interfacial properties between HTMs and perovskites. Our results indicate that varying the central bridge and the terminal groups has a remarkable influence on the properties. The designed R2-Cn (n = 3, 4, 5) have deeper HOMO levels, stronger absorption in the UV region, and larger Stokes shift than Spiro-OMeTAD. They also possess good solubility, stability, and hole mobility. The proper alignment of interfacial energy levels ensures the transfer of holes from CH3NH3PbI3 to the studied molecules and blocks the backflow of electrons simultaneously. Significant charge redistributions around the interfacial region benefit the separation and transfer photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The results of the present study can be further employed in the process of synthesizing new HTMs with promising features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhu
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
| | - Keyu Zhou
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yumeng Fo
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yi Li
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, Liaoning, China.
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