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Xiao G, Yang M, Zeng Z, Tang R, Jiang J, Wu G, Xie C, Jia D, Bi X. Investigation into the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr. By regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway: Integrated network pharmacology, serum pharmacochemistry, and metabolomics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118520. [PMID: 38964626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Inflammation is directly related to disease progression and contributes significantly to the global burden of disease. Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr. (PCM) is commonly used in Yao medicine in China to treat tumors, and orthopedic illnesses such as knee osteoarthritis, and rheumatic bone discomfort. PCM was found to have significant anti-inflammatory properties in previous studies. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the active compounds of PCM and their anti-inflammatory pharmacological mechanisms through an integrated strategy of serum pharmacochemistry, network pharmacology, and serum metabolomics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The qualitative and quantitative analyses of the chemical components of PCM were performed using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and UPLC, respectively, and the prototype components of PCM absorbed into the blood were analyzed. Based on the characterized absorbed into blood components, potential targets and signaling pathways of PCM anti-inflammatory were found using network pharmacology. Furthermore, metabolomics studies using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS identified biomarkers and metabolic pathways related to the anti-inflammatory effects of PCM. Finally, the hypothesized mechanisms were verified by in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS Forty chemical components from PCM were identified for the first time, and seven of them were quantitatively analyzed, while five serum migratory prototype components were found. Network pharmacology KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that arachidonic acid metabolism, Tyrosine metabolism, TNF signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, and phenylalanine metabolism were the main signaling pathways of PCM anti-inflammatory. Pharmacodynamic results showed that PCM ameliorated liver injury and inflammatory cell infiltration and downregulated protein expression of IL-1β, NF-κB p65, and MyD88 in the liver. Metabolomics studies identified 53 different serum metabolites, mainly related to purine and pyrimidine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. The comprehensive results demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory modulatory network of PCM was related to 5 metabolites, 3 metabolic pathways, 7 targets, and 4 active components of PCM. In addition, molecular docking identified the binding ability between the active ingredients and the core targets, and the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the active ingredients was verified by in vitro experiments. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effect of PCM, and these findings provide new insights into the active ingredients and metabolic mechanisms of PCM in anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlin Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Minjuan Yang
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhihao Zeng
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiyin Tang
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieyi Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangyin Wu
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Canhui Xie
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dezheng Jia
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoli Bi
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Zhou H, Wang X, She Z, Huang L, Wei H, Yang S, Wei Z, Chen H, Yang B, Hu Z, Feng X, Zhu P, Li Z, Shen J, Liu H, Dong H, Chen G, Zhang Q. Combining bioinformatics and multiomics strategies to investigate the key microbiota and active components of Liupao tea ameliorating hyperlipidemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118438. [PMID: 38848972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hyperlipidemia as a major health issue has attracted much public attention. As a geographical indication product of China, Liupao tea (LPT) is a typical representative of traditional Chinese dark tea that has shown good potential in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. LPT has important medicinal value in hyperlipidemia prevention. However, the active ingredients and metabolic mechanisms by which LPT alleviates hyperlipidemia remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to systematically investigate the metabolic mechanisms and active ingredients of LPT extract in alleviating hyperlipidemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, we developed a mouse model of hyperlipidemia to study the pharmacodynamics of LPT. Subsequently, network pharmacology and molecular docking were performed to predict the potential key active ingredients and core targets of LPT against hyperlipidemia. LC-MS/MS was used to validate the identity of key active ingredients in LPT with chemical standards. Finally, the effect and metabolic mechanisms of LPT extract in alleviating hyperlipidemia were investigated by integrating metabolomic, lipidomic, and gut microbiome analyses. RESULTS Results showed that LPT extract effectively improved hyperlipidemia by suppressing weight gain, remedying dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, and reducing hepatic damage. Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking suggested that four potential active ingredients and seven potential core targets were closely associated with roles for hyperlipidemia treatment. Ellagic acid, catechin, and naringenin were considered to be the key active ingredients of LPT alleviating hyperlipidemia. Additionally, LPT extract modulated the mRNA expression levels of Fxr, Cyp7a1, Cyp8b1, and Cyp27a1 associated with bile acid (BA) metabolism, mitigated the disturbances of BA and glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice. Combining fecal microbiota transplantation and correlation analysis, LPT extract effectively improved species diversity and abundance of gut microbiota, particularly the BA and GP metabolism-related gut microbiota, in the hyperlipidemia mice. CONCLUSIONS LPT extract ameliorated hyperlipidemia by modulating GP and BA metabolism by regulating Lactobacillus and Dubosiella, thereby alleviating hyperlipidemia. Three active ingredients of LPT served as the key factors in exerting an improvement on hyperlipidemia. These findings provide new insights into the active ingredients and metabolic mechanisms of LPT in improving hyperlipidemia, suggesting that LPT can be used to prevent and therapeutic hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xuancheng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Zhiyong She
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Huang
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Huijie Wei
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Shanyi Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Zhijuan Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Bao Yang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Hubei, China.
| | - Zehua Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Hubei, China.
| | - Xue Feng
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Pingchuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Zijian Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jiahui Shen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Huan Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Huanxiao Dong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
| | - Guanghui Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China.
| | - Qisong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Hubei, China; Center for Instrumental Analysis, Guangxi University, Guangxi, China.
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Ma L, Chen Y, Yue R, Li Z, Wang Y, Bian Y, Wang M. Network pharmacology combined with metabolomics to reveal the anti-fibrotic mechanism of Polygoni Orientalis Fructus in CCl 4-induced hepatic fibrosis rats. J Proteomics 2024; 304:105227. [PMID: 38878880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Polygoni Orientalis Fructus (POF), a dried ripe fruit of Polygonum orientale L., is commonly used in China for liver disease treatment. However, its therapeutic mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of POF on the regulation of endogenous metabolites and identify its key therapeutic targets in hepatic fibrosis (HF) rats by integrating network pharmacology and metabolomics approaches. First, serum liver indices and histopathological analyses were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of POF on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced HF. Subsequently, differential metabolites and potential therapeutic targets of POF were screened using plasma metabolomics and network pharmacology, respectively. The key targets of POF were identified by overlapping differential metabolite-associated targets with the potential targets and validated by molecular docking and ELISA experiments. The results showed that POF effectively alleviated HF in rats. A total of 51 metabolites related to HF were screened, and 24 were associated with POF. 232 potential therapeutic targets were identified by network pharmacology analysis. Finally, six key targets were identified through a combined analysis. Furthermore, molecular docking and ELISA validation revealed that AGXT, PAH, and NOS3 are targets of POF action, while CBS, ALDH2, and ARG1 were identified as potential targets. SIGNIFICANCE: POF is now commonly used in the treatment of liver disease, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. Current studies on metabolomics of liver disease primarily focuse on the interpretation of differential metabolites and related metabolic pathways. This research delves into the intricate details of metabolomics findings via network pharmacology to uncover the targets and pathways of drug action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhou Ma
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Rong Yue
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Ziyu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yanggang Bian
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
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Chen J, Wang Y, Chen C, Song X, Shen X, Cao D, Zhao Z. Integrated network pharmacology and metabolomics reveal vascular protective effects of Ilex pubescens on thromboangiitis obliterans. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155720. [PMID: 38763010 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ilex pubescens Hook. et Arn (IP), traditionally known for its properties of promoting blood circulation, swelling and pain relief, heat clearing, and detoxification, has been used in the treatment of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO). Despite its traditional applications, the specific mechanisms by which IP exerts its therapeutic effects on TAO remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to uncover the underlying mechanisms in the therapeutic effects of IP on TAO, employing network pharmacology and metabolomic approaches. METHODS In this study, a rat TAO model was established by injecting sodium laurate through the femoral artery, followed by the oral administration of IP for 7 days. Plasma coagulation parameters were measured to assess the therapeutic effects of IP. The potential influence on the femoral artery and gastrocnemius muscle was histopathologically evaluated. Network pharmacology was employed to predict relevant targets and model pathways for TAO. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) was used for the metabolic profile analysis of rat plasma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to verify the mechanisms by which IP promotes blood circulation in TAO. RESULTS The study revealed that IP improved blood biochemical function in TAO and played a significant role in vascular protection and maintaining normal blood vessels and gastrocnemius morphologies. Network pharmacology showed that IP compounds play a therapeutic role in modulating lipids and atherosclerosis. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the pathways involved in sphingolipid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis were significantly disrupted. The joint analysis showed a strong correlation between lysophosphatidylcholine and IP components, including triterpenoid and iridoid components, which support the curative action of IP through the modulation of sphingolipid metabolism. Furthermore, decreased expression levels of SPHK1/S1PR1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were observed in the IP-treated group, suggesting that IP exerts a protective effect on the vasculature primarily by regulating of the SPHK1/S1PR1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In this study, we found that IP protects the vasculature against injury and treats TAO by regulating the steady-state disturbance of the sphingolipid pathway. These findings suggest that IP promotes vasculature by modulating sphingolipid metabolism and SPHK1/S1PR1 signaling pathway and reduce levels of inflammatory factors, offering new insights into its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Caixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianshu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiuting Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Di Cao
- Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zhongxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Tuerhong K, Liu K, Shen D, Zhang Q, Huang Q, Yang M, Huang Z, Wang L, Yang S, Li Y. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental evaluation to explore the complementary therapeutic effect and mechanism of melatonin in periodontitis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32494. [PMID: 38948030 PMCID: PMC11209020 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the potential targets for melatonin in the treatment of periodontitis through network pharmacologic analysis and experimental validation via in vivo animal models and in vitro cellular experiments. Materials and methods In this study, we first screened melatonin targets from Pharm Mapper for putative targets, Drug Bank, and TCMSP databases for known targets. Then, disease database was searched and screened for differential expressed genes associated with periodontitis. The intersection of disease and melatonin-related genes yielded potential target genes of melatonin treatment for periodontitis. These target genes were further investigated by protein-protein interaction network and GO/KEGG enrichment analysis. In addition, the interactions between melatonin and key target genes were interrogated by molecular docking simulations. Then, we performed animal studies to validate the therapeutic effect of melatonin by injecting melatonin into the peritoneal cavity of ligation-induced periodontitis (LIP) mice. The effects of melatonin on the predicted target proteins were also analyzed using Western blot and immunofluorescence techniques. Finally, we constructed an in vitro cellular model and validated the direct effect of melatonin on the predicted targets by using qPCR. Results We identified 8 potential target genes by network pharmacology analysis. Enrichment analysis suggests that melatonin may treat periodontitis by inhibiting the expression of three potential targets (MPO, MMP8, and MMP9). Molecular docking results showed that melatonin could effectively bind to MMP8 and MMP9. Subsequently, melatonin was further validated in a mouse LIP model to inhibit the expression of MPO, MMP8, and MMP9 in the periodontal tissue. Finally, we verified the direct effect of melatonin on the mRNA expression of MPO, MMP8, and MMP9 in an in vitro cellular model. Conclusions Through a combination of network pharmacology and experimental validation, this study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of melatonin to treat periodontitis. Our study suggests that MPO, MMP8, and MMP9 as key target genes of melatonin to treat periodontitis. These findings present a more comprehensive basis for further investigation into the mechanisms of pharmacological treatment of periodontitis by melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamoran Tuerhong
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Kehao Liu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Danfeng Shen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qi Huang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Mingcong Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yuzhou Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, 401147, China
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Tao Y, Liu J, Li M, Wang H, Fan G, Xie X, Fu X, Su J. Abelmoschus manihot (L.) medik. seeds alleviate rheumatoid arthritis by modulating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117641. [PMID: 38151179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. Seeds (AMS, སོ་མ་ར་ཛ།), a Tibetan classical herbal in China, are rich in flavonoids and phenolic glycosides compounds, such as quercetin and its derivatives. Moreover, it has been found to possess anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) effects. Nonetheless, its anti-RA mechanism is yet unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This research aimed to examine the active ingredients of AMS as well as potential pharmacological mechanisms in AMS on RA. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem multistage mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-IT-MSn) technique was used to determine the primary chemical components of AMS that were responsible for the therapeutic effects on RA. In addition, 36 male Wistar rats weighing between 200 and 220 g were classified at random into six groups [normal control group, collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) group, methotrexate group (positive control, 1.05 mg/kg), AMS group (157.5 mg/kg, 315 mg/kg, 630 mg/kg)]. CIA rats were given AMS extract by intragastric administration for 28 days, and their ankles were photographed to observe the degree of swelling. Further, the arthritis score, paws swelling, and body weight changes of CIA rats were determined to observe whether AMS has any effect on RA, and synovial and cartilage tissue injuries were identified by histopathology. Besides, the levels of IL-10, TNF-α, IL-1β, INF-γ, etc. in serum were estimated by ELISA. Western blot experiments were implemented to identify the expression levels of protein involved in the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in the CIA rats' synovial tissues. Moreover, the mechanisms and targets of active ingredient therapy of AMS for RA were predicted using network pharmacology and then verified using molecular docking. RESULT In the present study, 12 compounds were detected by UPLC-ESI-IT-MSn, such as quercetin and its derivative which could be potential active ingredients that contribute to the anti-RA properties of AMS. Our in vivo studies on CIA rats revealed that an AMS-H dose of 630 mg/kg significantly improved joint damage while decreasing the arthritic index and paw swelling. Furthermore, AMS inhibited the INF-γ, IL-6, IL-17, IL-1β, and TNF-α, levels while upregulating the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-4 in serum. Besides, AMS inhibited the protein Bcl-2/Bax, STAT3, and JAK2 levels, and promoted the expression of Caspase3, SOCS1, and SOCS3 in the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Additionally, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway was found to perform a remarkable function in the AMS therapy of RA as evidenced by enrichment in GO terms and KEGG pathways. Meanwhile, data from molecular docking experiments indicated that the core targets of PIK3CA, JAK2, and SRC bound stably to the active ingredients of mimuone, 4'-methoxy-bavachromanol, and quercetin. CONCLUSION According to these findings, the AMS could improve joint inflammation in CIA rats, and its underlying mechanism could be linked to the regulation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Therefore, AMS might become a promising agent for alleviating inflammation in RA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Tao
- School of Ethnic Medicine and Meishan Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Ethnic Medicine and Meishan Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengjia Li
- School of Ethnic Medicine and Meishan Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongling Wang
- Pingshan County Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Fan
- School of Ethnic Medicine and Meishan Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolong Xie
- School of Ethnic Medicine and Meishan Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jinsong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Du S, Chen X, Ren R, Li L, Zhang B, Wang Q, Meng Y, Qiu Z, Wang G, Zheng G, Hu J. Integration of network pharmacology, lipidomics, and transcriptomics analysis to reveal the mechanisms underlying the amelioration of AKT-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by total flavonoids in vine tea. Food Funct 2024; 15:5158-5174. [PMID: 38630029 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00586d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main reason for chronic liver diseases and malignancies. Currently, there is a lack of approved drugs for the prevention or treatment of NAFLD. Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) has been used as a traditional Chinese beverage for centuries. Vine tea carries out several biological activities including the regulation of plasma lipids and blood glucose, hepato-protective function, and anti-tumor activity and contains the highest content of flavonoids. However, the underlying mechanisms of total flavonoids from vine tea (TF) in the attenuation of NAFLD remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the interventions and mechanisms of TF in mice with NAFLD using an integrated analysis of network pharmacology, lipidomics, and transcriptomics. Staining and biochemical tests revealed a significant increase in AKT-overexpression-induced (abbreviated as AKT-induced) NAFLD in mice. Lipid accumulation in hepatic intracellular vacuoles was alleviated after TF treatment. In addition, TF reduced the hepatic and serum triglyceride levels in mice with AKT-induced NAFLD. Lipidomics results showed 32 differential lipids in the liver, mainly including triglycerides (TG), diglycerides (DG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 314 differentially expressed genes were commonly upregulated in the AKT group and downregulated in the TF group. The differential regulation of lipids by the genes Pparg, Scd1, Chpt1, Dgkz, and Pla2g12b was further revealed by network enrichment analysis and confirmed by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect changes in the protein levels of the key proteins PPARγ and SCD1. In summary, TF can improve hepatic steatosis by targeting the PPAR signaling pathway, thereby reducing de novo fatty acid synthesis and modulating the glycerophospholipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Du
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rumeng Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenpeng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization for Liver Diseases, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Zhang P, Liu N, Xue M, Zhang M, Xiao Z, Xu C, Fan Y, Qiu J, Zhang Q, Zhou Y. β-Sitosterol Reduces the Content of Triglyceride and Cholesterol in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Model. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1289. [PMID: 38731293 PMCID: PMC11083524 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with hyperlipidemia, which is closely related to high levels of sugar and fat. β-sitosterol is a natural product with significant hypolipidemic and cholesterol-lowering effects. However, the underlying mechanism of its action on aquatic products is not completely understood. METHODS A high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD zebrafish model was successfully established, and the anti-hyperlipidemic effect and potential mechanism of β-sitosterol were studied using oil red O staining, filipin staining, and lipid metabolomics. RESULTS β-sitosterol significantly reduced the accumulation of triglyceride, glucose, and cholesterol in the zebrafish model. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that differential lipid molecules in β-sitosterol mainly regulated the lipid metabolism and signal transduction function of the zebrafish model. β-sitosterol mainly affected steroid biosynthesis and steroid hormone biosynthesis in the zebrafish model. Compared with the HFD group, the addition of 500 mg/100 g of β-sitosterol significantly inhibited the expression of Ppar-γ and Rxr-α in the zebrafish model by at least 50% and 25%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS β-sitosterol can reduce lipid accumulation in the zebrafish model of NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism and signal transduction and inhibiting adipogenesis and lipid storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Naicheng Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zidong Xiao
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Chen Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Junqiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
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9
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Yang X, Chi C, Li W, Zhang Y, Yang S, Xu R, Liu R. Metabolomics and lipidomics combined with serum pharmacochemistry uncover the potential mechanism of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction alleviates atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117748. [PMID: 38216103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the main cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) leading to an increase in global mortality, and its key pathological features are lipid accumulation and oxidative stress. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction (HLJDD), a representative formula for clearing heat and detoxifying, has been shown to reduce aortic lipid plaque and improve AS. However, multiple components and multiple targets of HLJDD pose a challenge in comprehending its comprehensive mechanism in the treatment of AS. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to illustrate the anti-AS mechanisms of HLJDD in an apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mouse model from a metabolic perspective. MATERIALS AND METHODS ApoE-/- mice were kept on a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce AS. Serum total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were determined to evaluate the influence of HLJDD on dyslipidemia. Oil red O was used to stain mouse aortic lipid plaques, and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to assess the pathological changes in the aortic roots. Metabolomics and lipidomics combined with serum pharmacochemistry were performed to research the HLJDD mechanism of alleviating AS. RESULTS In this study, HLJDD treatment improved serum biochemical levels and histopathological conditions in AS mice. A total of 6 metabolic pathways (arginine biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid, sphingolipid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and glycerolipid metabolism) related to 25 metabolic biomarkers and 41 lipid biomarkers were clarified, and 22 prototype components migrating to blood were identified after oral administration of HLJDD. CONCLUSION HLJDD improved AS induced by HFD in ApoE-/- mice. The effects of HLJDD were mainly attributed to regulating lipid metabolism by regulating the metabolic pathways of glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and glycerolipids and reducing the levels of oxidative stress by upregulating arginine biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Chenglin Chi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Shufang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Ruoxuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Rongxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China.
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10
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Shu P, Mo J, Li Z, Li M, Zhu W, Du Z. Ferulic acid in synergy with retinol alleviates oxidative injury of HaCaT cells during UVB-induced photoaging. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:7153-7173. [PMID: 38643459 PMCID: PMC11087097 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Application of retinol (Vitamin A, VA) in skincare is limited for instability, poor water solubility, and skin intolerance that combats skin aging. We employed computer-aided virtual screening and cell experiments with transcriptomics, thereby unveiling the comprehensive gene expression and regulation pathway of photoaging HaCaT cell treated with ferulic acid (FA) in synergizing with VA. Through network pharmacology analysis, the combined use of VA and FA exhibited highly correlated cross-targets with skin aging acting on EGFR, PTPN1, ESR2, GSK3B, BACE1, PYGL, PTGS2 and APP. The indicators of oxidative stress, such as SOD, GSH, MDA, CAT and ROS in HaCaT cells after co-administration, were significantly improved from those in photoaging group (p<0.0001). 155 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were specific between groups, while reducing the expression of PTGS2 was identified as an important regulatory factor in photoaging HaCaT cells by VA and FA. Those DEGs of co-administration group focused on oxidative-reduction enzyme activity, skin growth, keratinization, and steroid biosynthesis. Apparently, the co-administration of VA and FA effectively mitigated the process of UVB-induced photoaging by reducing oxidative stress injury, inflammation responses, and regulating cell growth. This synergistic approach significantly slowed down the photoaging progression and improved the applied performance of VA in HaCaT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shu
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, P.R. China
- HBN Research Institute and Biological Laboratory, Shenzhen Hujia Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Mo
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zunjiang Li
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Mingjie Li
- HBN Research Institute and Biological Laboratory, Shenzhen Hujia Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyun Du
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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11
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Jiao R, Jiang W, Xu K, Luo Q, Wang L, Zhao C. Lipid metabolism analysis in esophageal cancer and associated drug discovery. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:1-15. [PMID: 38352954 PMCID: PMC10859535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is an upper gastrointestinal malignancy with a bleak prognosis. It is still being explored in depth due to its complex molecular mechanisms of occurrence and development. Lipids play a crucial role in cells by participating in energy supply, biofilm formation, and signal transduction processes, and lipid metabolic reprogramming also constitutes a significant characteristic of malignant tumors. More and more studies have found esophageal cancer has obvious lipid metabolism abnormalities throughout its beginning, progress, and treatment resistance. The inhibition of tumor growth and the enhancement of antitumor therapy efficacy can be achieved through the regulation of lipid metabolism. Therefore, we reviewed and analyzed the research results and latest findings for lipid metabolism and associated analysis techniques in esophageal cancer, and comprehensively proved the value of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the evolution and treatment resistance of esophageal cancer, as well as its significance in exploring potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruidi Jiao
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518116, China
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518116, China
| | - Kunpeng Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518116, China
| | - Qian Luo
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Luhua Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518116, China
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
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12
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Liang Z, Zheng Z, Guo Q, Tian M, Yang J, Liu X, Zhu X, Liu S. The role of HIF-1α/HO-1 pathway in hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis in epilepsy. iScience 2023; 26:108098. [PMID: 37876811 PMCID: PMC10590818 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy, a common central nervous system disorder, remains an enigma in pathogenesis. Emerging consensus designates hippocampal neuronal injury as a cornerstone for epileptogenic foci, pivotal in epileptic genesis and progression. Ferroptosis, a regulated cell death modality hinging on iron, catalyzes lipid reactive oxygen species formation through iron and membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid interplay, culminating in oxidative cell death. This research investigates the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in hippocampal neuron ferroptosis during epilepsy. Untargeted metabolomics exposes metabolite discrepancies between epilepsy patients and healthy individuals, unveiling escalated oxidative stress, heightened bilirubin, and augmented iron metabolism in epileptic blood. Enrichment analyses unveil active HIF-1 pathway in epileptic pathogenesis, reinforced by HIF-1α signaling perturbations in DisGeNET database. PTZ-kindled mice model confirms increased ferroptotic markers, oxidative stress, HIF-1α, and HO-1 in epilepsy. Study implicates HIF-1α/HO-1 potentially regulates hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis, iron metabolism, and oxidative stress, thereby promoting the propagation of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoshi Zheng
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Songyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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13
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Zhu Y, Di S, Li Y, Liang W, Liu J, Nuermaimaiti R, Fei W, Wang C, Wang L, Zhang J. Integrative metabolomic and network pharmacological analysis reveals potential mechanisms of Cardamine circaeoides Hook.f. & Thomson in alleviating potassium oxonate-induced asymptomatic hyperuricemia in rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1281411. [PMID: 38026974 PMCID: PMC10652788 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1281411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardamine circaeoides Hook.f. & Thomson (CC), a herb of the genus Cardamine (family Brassicaceae), has a rich historical usage in China for both culinary and medicinal purposes. It is distinguished by its remarkable ability to hyperaccumulate selenium (Se). CC has demonstrated efficacy in the prevention of metabolic disorders. However, investigations into the effects of CC on asymptomatic hyperuricemia remain scarce. The objective of this study is to elucidate the mechanism by which CC aqueous extract (CCE) exerts its anti-hyperuricemic effects on asymptomatic hyperuricemic rats induced by potassium oxonate (PO) by integrating metabolomics and network pharmacological analysis. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia was induced by feeding rats with PO (1000 mg/kg) and CCE (0.75, 1.5, or 3 g/kg) once daily for 30 days. Various parameters, including body weight, uric acid (UA) levels, histopathology of renal tissue, and inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) were assessed. Subsequently, metabolomic analysis of kidney tissues was conducted to explore the effects of CCE on renal metabolites and the related pathways. Furthermore, network pharmacology was employed to explicate the mechanism of action of CCE components identified through UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis. Finally, metabolomic and network-pharmacology analyses were performed to predict crucial genes dysregulated in the disease model and rescued by CCE, which were then subjected to verification by RT-qPCR. The findings revealed that CCE significantly inhibited the UA levels from the 21st day to the 30th day. Moreover, CCE exhibited significant inhibition of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in renal tissues. The dysregulation of 18 metabolites and the tyrosine, pyrimidine, cysteine, methionine, sphingolipid, and histidine metabolism pathways was prevented by CCE treatment. A joint analysis of targets predicted using the network pharmacology approach and the differential metabolites found in metabolics predicted 8 genes as potential targets of CCE, and 3 of them (PNP gene, JUN gene, and ADA gene) were verified at the mRNA level by RT-qPCR. We conclude that CCE has anti-hyperuricemia effects and alleviates renal inflammation in a rat model of hyperuricemia, and these efficacies are associated with the reversal of increased ADA, PNP, and JUN mRNA expression in renal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Songrui Di
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yipeng Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weican Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlian Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Reyisai Nuermaimaiti
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenting Fei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linyuan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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14
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Jia QQ, Yang ZF, Wang Q, Zhao Q, Jia YJ, Guo BH, Li XY, Wang W. Chemical Profiling of Nitraria roborowskii Kom. by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and Their Hypolipidemic Effects in Vivo. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300683. [PMID: 37801345 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The Nitraria roborowskii Kom. (NRK) berries, as fruits of the genus Nitraria of the Zygophyllceae family, have been widely used as folk medicine. Modern pharmacological research has demonstrated that Nitraria berries had hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory effects. However, more research needs to be reported on the chemical composition and biological activity of NRK. Hence, the phenolic compounds in the NRK berries were comprehensively analyzed and characterized by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadruple-Orbitrap MS system (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS) in this study. In total, 52 phenolics were identified, and all were reported for the first time. In addition, the hypolipidemic efficacy of NRK berries extract was studied in the hyperlipidemic mouse model. After treatment, the high dose group of NRK substantially reversed total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Through lipidomics technology, 27 potential biomarkers were characterized. And there was a significant callback at 25 of them after NRK treatment by using statistical analysis methods. Pathway analysis results demonstrated that NRK might exert therapeutic effects by regulating glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid metabolism pathways. This study could provide firsthand information on NRK berries for their phenolic compounds and potential application in preventing and treating hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Q Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Zufan F Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Yujiao J Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Banghao H Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Xiangyang Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810001, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
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15
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Zhou J, Wang M, Sun T, Zhou X, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang R, Luo R, Yu H. Uncovering anti-influenza mechanism of Ophiocordyceps sinensis using network pharmacology, molecular pharmacology, and metabolomics. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34843. [PMID: 37657041 PMCID: PMC10476752 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ophiocordyceps sinensis is a precious Chinese traditional herb with a long medicinal history. This study used UPLC-MS metabolomics to explore and compare the metabolic profiles of the stroma (OSBSz), sclerotium (OSBSh), and mycelium (OSBS) of O sinensis to analyze their differential metabolites and identified potential active components. Then combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the mechanism of differential metabolites with anti-influenza properties. The results indicate that the stroma, sclerotium, and mycelium showed significant differences in metabolites. The key pathways for differential metabolites were butanoate metabolism, thiamin metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, citrate cycle, and arginine biosynthesis. Protein-protein interaction analysis identified potential targets, including SRC, RHOA, HSP90AA1, VEGFA, ITGB1, PRKCA, and ITGA1, and the key protective pathways in-volved PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, influenza A, and Coronavirus disease 2019. The molecular docking results showed that the core metabolite D-(-)-glutamine has high binding affinity with SRC, RHOA, and EGFR, re-flecting the multi-component and multi-target network system of O sinensis. In short, the combination of metabonomics, network pharmacology and macromolecular docking technology provides a new way to explore the anti-influenza research of O sinensis. This is undoubtedly an important theoretical support for the clinical application of O sinensis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinna Zhou
- College of Ecology and Environment Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Mu Wang
- Plant Science College, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, China
| | - Tao Sun
- College of Ecology and Environment Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Sanming First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Sanming, China
| | - Jinhu Wang
- College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Ecology and Environment Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- College of Ecology and Environment Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Run Luo
- College of Ecology and Environment Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hong Yu
- College of Ecology and Environment Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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16
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Xiao G, Hu Z, Jia C, Yang M, Li D, Xu A, Jiang J, Chen Z, Li Y, Li S, Chen W, Zhang J, Bi X. Deciphering the mechanisms of Yinlan Tiaozhi capsule in treating hyperlipidemia by combining network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental verification. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6424. [PMID: 37076581 PMCID: PMC10115829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33673-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Yinlan Tiaozhi capsule (YLTZC) has been widely used to treat hyperlipidemia (HLP). However, its material basis and underlying pharmacological effects remain unclean. The current study aimed to explore the mechanisms involved in the treatment of YLTZC on HLP based on network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental verification. Firstly, UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was used to comprehensively analyze and identify the chemical constituents in YLTZC. A total of 66 compounds, mainly including flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, lactones, organic acids, and limonin were characterized and classified. Simultaneously, the mass fragmentation pattern of different types of representative compounds was further explored. By network pharmacology analysis, naringenin and ferulic acid may be the core constituents. The 52 potential targets of YLTZC, including ALB, IL-6, TNF, and VEGFA, were considered potential therapeutic targets. Molecular docking results showed that the core active constituents of YLTZC (naringenin and ferulic acid) have a strong affinity with the core targets of HLP. Lastly, animal experiments confirmed that naringenin and ferulic acid significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of ALB and downregulated the mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF, and VEGFA. In sum, the constituents of YLTZC, such as naringenin and ferulic acid, might treat HLP by regulating the mechanism of angiogenesis and inhibiting inflammatory responses. Furthermore, our data fills the gap in the material basis of YLTZC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlin Xiao
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Hu
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Canchao Jia
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjuan Yang
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Li
- School of the Fifth Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Aili Xu
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyi Jiang
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangxue Li
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sumei Li
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weitao Chen
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingnian Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Bi
- Guangdong Province Engineering and Technology Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Yang N, Hu W, He J, Wu X, Zou T, Zheng J, Zhao C, Wang M. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based lipidomics reveals key lipid molecules as potential therapeutic targets of Polygonum cuspidatum against hyperlipidemia in a hamster model. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2200844. [PMID: 36815210 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Polygonum cuspidatum is a homology of traditional medicine and functional food widely distributed around the world. Our previous study on the hyperlipidemic animal model demonstrated that Polygonum cuspidatum was effective in ameliorating hyperlipidemia, which is characterized by lipid disorders. Herein, the regulatory effect of Polygonum cuspidatum on lipid metabolism needs to be known if its hypolipidemic mechanism is desired to clarify. In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based lipidomic strategy was first applied to investigate the lipidomic patterns of high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic hamsters when treated with Polygonum cuspidatum. The results showed that Polygonum cuspidatum improved the lipidomic profile of hyperlipidemia. A total of 65 differential lipids related to the hypolipidemic effect of Polygonum cuspidatum were screened out and identified, and these differential lipids covered various categories, such as phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, triacylglycerols, sphingomyelins and so on. Orally administrated Polygonum cuspidatum restored these differential lipids back to normal or nearly normal levels. This study adopted lipidomics to reveal the key lipid molecules as potential therapeutic targets of Polygonum cuspidatum against hyperlipidemia, which would provide a scientific basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, P. R. China
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18
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Zhang T, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhu G, Weng T, Huang C, Wang P, He Y, Hu J, Ge G. The roles of serine hydrolases and serum albumin in alisol B 23-acetate hydrolysis in humans. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1160665. [PMID: 37089921 PMCID: PMC10117764 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1160665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A), a major bioactive constituent in the Chinese herb Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis), has been found with multiple pharmacological activities. AB23A can be readily hydrolyzed to alisol B in mammals, but the hydrolytic pathways of AB23A in humans and the key enzymes responsible for AB23A hydrolysis are still unrevealed. This study aims to reveal the metabolic organs and the crucial enzymes responsible for AB23A hydrolysis in human biological systems, as well as to decipher the impact of AB23A hydrolysis on its biological effects. Methods: The hydrolytic pathways of AB23A in human plasma and tissue preparations were carefully investigated by using Q-Exactive quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer and LC-UV, while the key enzymes responsible for AB23A hydrolysis were studied via performing a set of assays including reaction phenotyping assays, chemical inhibition assays, and enzyme kinetics analyses. Finally, the agonist effects of both AB23A and its hydrolytic metabolite(s) on FXR were tested at the cellular level. Results: AB23A could be readily hydrolyzed to form alisol B in human plasma, intestinal and hepatic preparations, while human butyrylcholinesterase (hBchE) and human carboxylesterases played key roles in AB23A hydrolysis in human plasma and tissue preparations, respectively. It was also found that human serum albumin (hSA) could catalyze AB23A hydrolysis, while multiple lysine residues of hSA were covalently modified by AB23A, suggesting that hSA catalyzed AB23A hydrolysis via its pseudo-esterase activity. Biological tests revealed that both AB23A and alisol B exhibited similar FXR agonist effects, indicating AB23A hydrolysis did not affect its FXR agonist effect. Discussion: This study deciphers the hydrolytic pathways of AB23A in human biological systems, which is very helpful for deep understanding of the metabolic rates of AB23A in humans, and useful for developing novel prodrugs of alisol B with desirable pharmacokinetic behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxin Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghao Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Taotao Weng
- Department of Nephrology, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi He
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangbo Ge, ; Jing Hu,
| | - Guangbo Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangbo Ge, ; Jing Hu,
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19
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Bailly C. Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Targets of Alisol Triterpenoids from Alismatis Rhizoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081945. [PMID: 36009492 PMCID: PMC9406200 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 100 protostane triterpenoids have been isolated from the dried rhizomes of Alisma species, designated Alismatis rhizoma (AR), commonly used in Asian traditional medicine to treat inflammatory and vascular diseases. The main products are the alisols, with the lead compounds alisol-A/-B and their acetate derivatives being the most abundant products in the plant and the best-known bioactive products. The pharmacological effects of Ali-A, Ali-A 24-acetate, Ali-B, Ali-B 23-acetate, and derivatives have been analyzed to provide an overview of the medicinal properties, signaling pathways, and molecular targets at the origin of those activities. Diverse protein targets have been proposed for these natural products, including the farnesoid X receptor, soluble epoxide hydrolase, and other enzymes (AMPK, HCE-2) and functional proteins (YAP, LXR) at the origin of the anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-fibrotic, and anti-proliferative activities. Activities were classified in two groups. The lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerosis effects benefit from robust in vitro and in vivo data (group 1). The anticancer effects of alisols have been largely reported, but, essentially, studies using tumor cell lines and solid in vivo data are lacking (group 2). The survey shed light on the pharmacological properties of alisol triterpenoids frequently found in traditional phytomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Scientific Consulting Office, 59290 Lille (Wasquehal), France
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