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Kronenfeld JM, Rother L, Saccone MA, Dulay MT, DeSimone JM. Roll-to-roll, high-resolution 3D printing of shape-specific particles. Nature 2024; 627:306-312. [PMID: 38480965 PMCID: PMC10937373 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Particle fabrication has attracted recent attention owing to its diverse applications in bioengineering1,2, drug and vaccine delivery3-5, microfluidics6,7, granular systems8,9, self-assembly5,10,11, microelectronics12,13 and abrasives14. Herein we introduce a scalable, high-resolution, 3D printing technique for the fabrication of shape-specific particles based on roll-to-roll continuous liquid interface production (r2rCLIP). We demonstrate r2rCLIP using single-digit, micron-resolution optics in combination with a continuous roll of film (in lieu of a static platform), enabling the rapidly permutable fabrication and harvesting of shape-specific particles from a variety of materials and with complex geometries, including geometries not possible to achieve with advanced mould-based techniques. We demonstrate r2rCLIP production of mouldable and non-mouldable shapes with voxel sizes as small as 2.0 × 2.0 µm2 in the print plane and 1.1 ± 0.3 µm unsupported thickness, at speeds of up to 1,000,000 particles per day. Such microscopic particles with permutable, intricate designs enable direct integration within biomedical, analytical and advanced materials applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lukas Rother
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Max A Saccone
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maria T Dulay
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph M DeSimone
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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2
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Khanthaphixay B, Wu L, Yoon JY. Microparticle-Based Detection of Viruses. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:820. [PMID: 37622906 PMCID: PMC10452130 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Surveillance of viral pathogens in both point-of-care and clinical settings is imperative to preventing the widespread propagation of disease-undetected viral outbreaks can pose dire health risks on a large scale. Thus, portable, accessible, and reliable biosensors are necessary for proactive measures. Polymeric microparticles have recently gained popularity for their size, surface area, and versatility, which make them ideal biosensing tools. This review cataloged recent investigations on polymeric microparticle-based detection platforms across eight virus families. These microparticles were used as labels for detection (often with fluorescent microparticles) and for capturing viruses for isolation or purification (often with magnetic microparticles). We also categorized all methods by the characteristics, materials, conjugated receptors, and size of microparticles. Current approaches were compared, addressing strengths and weaknesses in the context of virus detection. In-depth analyses were conducted for each virus family, categorizing whether the polymeric microparticles were used as labels, for capturing, or both. We also summarized the types of receptors conjugated to polymeric microparticles for each virus family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeong-Yeol Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 75721, USA; (B.K.); (L.W.)
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3
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Li J, Cui Y, Xie Q, Jiang T, Xin S, Liu P, Zhou T, Li Q. Ultraportable Flow Cytometer Based on an All-Glass Microfluidic Chip. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2294-2302. [PMID: 36654498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The flow cytometer has become a powerful and widely accepted measurement device in both biological studies and clinical diagnostics. The application of the flow cytometer in emerging point-of-care scenarios, such as instant detection in remote areas and emergency diagnosis, requires a significant reduction in physical dimension, cost, and power consumption. This requirement promotes studies to develop portable flow cytometers, mostly based on the utilization of polymer microfluidic chips. However, due to the relatively poor optical performance of polymer materials, existing microfluidic flow cytometers are incapable of accurate blood analysis, such as the four-part leukocyte differential count, which is necessary to monitor the immune system and to assess the risk of allergic inflammation or viral infection. To address this issue, an ultraportable flow cytometer based on an all-glass microfluidic chip (AG-UFCM) has been developed in this study. Compared with that of a typical commercial flow cytometer (BD FACSAria III), the volume of the AG-UFCM was reduced by 90 times (from 720 to 8 L). A two-step laser processing was employed to fabricate an all-glass microfluidic chip with a surface roughness of less than 1 nm, significantly improving the optical performance of on-chip micro-lens. The signal-to-noise ratio was enhanced by 3 dB, compared with that of polymer materials. For the first time, a four-part leukocyte differential count based on single fluorescence staining was realized using a miniaturized flow cytometer, laying a foundation for the point-of-care testing of miniaturized flow cytometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Yuhan Cui
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Qiucheng Xie
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Shandong QianQianRuo Medical Technology Limited Company, Jinan250022, China
| | - Siyuan Xin
- Shandong QianQianRuo Medical Technology Limited Company, Jinan250022, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China.,Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing401120, China
| | - Tianfeng Zhou
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
| | - Qin Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081, China
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Aubry G, Lee HJ, Lu H. Advances in Microfluidics: Technical Innovations and Applications in Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Anal Chem 2023; 95:444-467. [PMID: 36625114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Aubry
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hyun Jee Lee
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hang Lu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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5
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Zhou C, Jia H, Liang S, Li Y, Li J, Chen H. Tailoring
3D
shapes of polyhedral milliparticles by adjusting orthogonal projection in a microfluidic channel. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - He Jia
- School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Shuaishuai Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Yongjian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Jiang Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China
| | - Haosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University Beijing China
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Zhou C, Liang S, Li Y, Li J, Chen H. Microfluidic Assembly of Microblocks into Interlocked Structures for Enhanced Strength and Toughness. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7261-7269. [PMID: 35076202 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Compared with monolithic materials, topologically interlocked materials (TIMs) exhibit higher toughness based on their enhanced crack deflection and deformation tolerance. Importantly, by reducing the block size of TIMs, their structural strength can also be improved due to the reduced flexural span. However, the assembly of microscale blocks remains a huge challenge due to the inadequacy of nanoscale self-assembly or macroscale pick-and-place operations. In this work, octahedral microblocks are fabricated and constructed into interlocked structures with different patterns through microfluidic channels with variable cross sections. The pattern of the interlocked panel is demonstrated to affect its strength and toughness. The failure strength and energy absorption of assembled panels significantly exceed that of their monolithic counterpart by ∼33% and ∼19.1 folds, respectively. Generally, the presented microfluidic method provides a unique technique for the assembly of interlocked architecture, which facilitates the design and fabrication of TIMs with highly improved strength and toughness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuaishuai Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongjian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiang Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haosheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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