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Lu X, Feng S, Li L, Wang LM, Liu R. Depicting Defects in Metallic Glasses by Atomic Vibrational Entropy. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:6998-7006. [PMID: 37523256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Due to the chaotic structure of amorphous materials, it is challenging to identify defects in metallic glasses. Here we tackle this problem from a thermodynamic point of view using atomic vibrational entropy, which represents the inhomogeneity of atomic contributions to vibrational modes. We find that the atomic vibrational entropy is correlated to the vibrational mean-square displacement and polyhedral volume of atoms, revealing the critical role of vibrational entropy in bridging dynamics, thermodynamics, and structure. On this method, the local vibrational entropy obtained by coarse-graining the atomic vibrational entropy in space can distinguish more effectively between liquid-like and solid-like atoms in metallic glasses and establish the correlation between the local vibrational entropy and the structure of metallic glasses, offering a route to predict the plastic events from local vibrational entropy. The local vibration entropy is a good indicator of thermally activated and stress-driven plastic events, and its predictive ability is better than that of the structural indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Shidong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Lin Li
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Li-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Riping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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Chen Y, Feng S, Lu X, Pan S, Xia C, Wang LM. Uncovering the bridging role of slow atoms in unusual caged dynamics and β-relaxation of binary metallic glasses. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:134511. [PMID: 37031140 DOI: 10.1063/5.0146108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The origin of β-relaxation in metallic glasses is still not fully understood, and the guidance of slow atoms for caged dynamics and β-relaxation is rarely mentioned. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal the bridging role of slow atoms on unusual caged dynamics and β-relaxation. In the stage of unusual caged dynamics, slow atoms are bounded by neighboring atoms. It is difficult for the slow atoms to break the cage, producing more high-frequency vibration, which causes more atoms to jump out of the cage randomly in the next stage. Precisely, the movement of the slow atoms changes from individual atoms vibrating inside the cage and gradually breaking out of the cage into a string-like pattern. The string-like collective atomic jumps cause decay of the cages, inducing β-relaxation. This situation generally exists in binary systems with the large atomic mass difference. This work offers valuable insights for understanding the role of slow atoms in unusual caged dynamics and β-relaxation, complementing studies on the origin of β-relaxation in metallic glasses and their glass-forming liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, 066004 Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Shidong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, 066004 Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, 066004 Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Shaopeng Pan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, 030024 Taiyuan, China
| | - Chaoqun Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, 300130 Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, 066004 Qinhuangdao, China
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Pressure weakening unusual-caged dynamics of La80Al20 metallic glass-forming liquid. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jia Z, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Lyu F, Tian X, Liang SX, Zhang LC, Luan J, Wang Q, Sun L, Yang T, Shen B. Nanoscale Heterogeneities of Non-Noble Iron-Based Metallic Glasses toward Efficient Water Oxidation at Industrial-Level Current Densities. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10288-10297. [PMID: 35175044 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Scaling up the production of cost-effective electrocatalysts for efficient water splitting at the industrial level is critically important to achieve carbon neutrality in our society. While noble-metal-based materials represent a high-performance benchmark with superb activities for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, their high cost, poor scalability, and scarcity are major impediments to achieve widespread commercialization. Herein, a flexible freestanding Fe-based metallic glass (MG) with an atomic composition of Fe50Ni30P13C7 was prepared by a large-scale metallurgical technique that can be employed directly as a bifunctional electrode for water splitting. The surface hydroxylation process created unique structural and chemical heterogeneities in the presence of amorphous FeOOH and Ni2P as well as nanocrystalline Ni2P that offered various active sites to optimize each rate-determining step for water oxidation. The achieved overpotentials for the oxygen evolution reaction were 327 and 382 mV at high current densities of 100 and 500 mA cm-2 in alkaline media, respectively, and a cell voltage of 1.59 V was obtained when using the MG as both the anode and the cathode for overall water splitting at a current density of 10 mA cm-2. Theoretical calculations unveiled that amorphous FeOOH makes a significant contribution to water molecule adsorption and oxygen evolution processes, while the amorphous and nanocrystalline Ni2P stabilize the free energy of hydrogen protons (ΔGH*) in the hydrogen evolution process. This MG alloy design concept is expected to stimulate the discovery of many more high-performance catalytic materials that can be produced at an industrial scale with customized properties in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yilu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Laboratory for Microstructures Institute of Materials Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fucong Lyu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 00000, China
| | - Xiaobao Tian
- Department of Mechanics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shun-Xing Liang
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, Western Australia 6027, Australia
| | - Lai-Chang Zhang
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, Western Australia 6027, Australia
| | - Junhua Luan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 00000, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Ligang Sun
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 00000, China
| | - Baolong Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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