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Garci A, David AHG, Le Bras L, Ovalle M, Abid S, Young RM, Liu W, Azad CS, Brown PJ, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Thermally Controlled Exciplex Fluorescence in a Dynamic Homo[2]catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23551-23559. [PMID: 36512436 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Motion-induced change in emission (MICE) is a phenomenon that can be employed to develop various types of probes, including temperature and viscosity sensors. Although MICE, arising from the conformational motion in particular compounds, has been studied extensively, this phenomenon has not been investigated in depth in mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) undergoing coconformational changes. Herein, we report the investigation of a thermoresponsive dynamic homo[2]catenane incorporating pyrene units and displaying relative circumrotational motions of its cyclophanes as evidenced by variable-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy and supported by its visualization through molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanics calculations. The relative coconformational motions induce a significant change in the fluorescence emission of the homo[2]catenane upon changes in temperature compared with its component cyclophanes. This variation in the exciplex emission of the homo[2]catenane is reversible as demonstrated by four complete cooling and heating cycles. This research opens up possibilities of using the coconformational changes in MIMs-based chromophores for probing fluctuations in temperature which could lead to applications in biomedicine or materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Garci
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Arthur H G David
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Laura Le Bras
- Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Marco Ovalle
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Seifallah Abid
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ryan M Young
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wenqi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Chandra S Azad
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Paige J Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
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Belikov MY, Milovidova AG, Ievlev MY. The first example of unusual reversible nucleophilic addition to 2-(5-aryl-2-oxo-3 H-pyrrol-3-ylidene)malononitriles – a new tool for the creation of thermosensitive molecular switches. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01131j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new thermochromic system based on an unusual nucleophilic addition to pyrrol-3-ylidenemalononitrile derivatives was discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Yu. Belikov
- Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky pr., 15, Cheboksary, 428015, Russia
| | | | - Mikhail Yu. Ievlev
- Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Moskovsky pr., 15, Cheboksary, 428015, Russia
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