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Magri DC. Lab-on-a-molecule and multi-analyte sensing. Front Chem 2024; 12:1393308. [PMID: 38698939 PMCID: PMC11063248 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1393308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of a lab-on-a-molecule, which was proposed just short of two decades ago, has captured the imagination of scientists. From originally being proposed as an AND logic gate driven by three chemical inputs as a direct way of detecting congregations of chemical species, the definition of what constitutes a lab-on-a-molecule has broadened over the years. In this review, molecules that can detect multiple analytes by fluorescence, among other techniques, are reviewed and discussed, in the context of molecular logic and multi-analyte sensing. The review highlights challenges and suggestions for moving the frontiers of research in this field to the next dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Magri
- Laboratory of Molecular Logic Gates, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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Zhang L, Jin Y, Wang Y, Li W, Guo Z, Zhang J, Yuan L, Zheng C, Zheng Y, Chen R. High-Quality Circularly Polarized Organic Afterglow from Nonconjugated Amorphous Chiral Copolymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49623-49632. [PMID: 37816127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials featuring circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and/or afterglow emission represent an active research frontier with promising applications in various fields, but the achievement of high-performance CPL organic afterglow (CPOA) remains a huge challenge due to the intrinsic contradictions between the luminescent lifetime/dissymmetry factor (glum) and phosphorescent quantum efficiency (PhQY). Herein, we report a simple and universal approach to design efficient CPOA from amorphous copolymers by incorporating chiral chromophores into a nonconjugated clusterization-triggered emissive polymer with plenty of hydron-bonding interactions, followed by aggregation engineering using water dissolution and evaporation. With this chiral copolymerization and aggregation engineering (CCAE) strategy, high-performance CPOA polymers with PhQYs of up to 6.32%, ultralong lifetimes of over 650 ms, glum values of 3.54 × 10-3, and the highest figure-of-merit were achieved at room temperature. Given the impressive CPOA performance of these polymers, the applications in multilevel data anticounterfeiting and reversible displays with high stability were demonstrated. These findings through the CCAE strategy to overcome the inherent restraints of CPOA materials lay the foundation for the development of amorphous polymers with superior CPOA, significantly expanding the understanding of CPL and the design of organic afterglow materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yishan Jin
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yike Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenli Guo
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Youxuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
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Agius N, Magri DC. Cinchona alkaloids - acid, anion-driven fluorescent INHIBIT logic gates with a receptor 1-fluorophore-spacer-receptor 2 format and PET and ICT mechanisms. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13505-13510. [PMID: 37143912 PMCID: PMC10153600 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02704j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The fluorescent natural products, quinine, quinidine, cinchonine and cinchonidine are demonstrated as H+-enabled, halide-disabled (Cl-, Br- or I-) INHIBIT and INHIBIT-OR combinatorial logic gates in water. More fluorescent natural products with intrinsic logic properties await to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola' Agius
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta Msida MSD 2080 Malta
| | - David C Magri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta Msida MSD 2080 Malta
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Designing three digital logic circuits based on two-component molecular systems of a combination of BSA and N, N′-bis(salicylidene) - ethylenediamine. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sammut D, Bugeja N, Szaciłowski K, Magri DC. Molecular engineering of fluorescent bichromophore 1,3,5-triaryl-Δ 2-pyrazoline and 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide molecular logic gates. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02422e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Emissive bichromophoric solvatochromatic molecules are introduced as a new platform for the development of fluorescent molecular logic gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene Sammut
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Nathalie Bugeja
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Konrad Szaciłowski
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Academic Centre for Materials and Nanotechnology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - David C. Magri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
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