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Kalapos P, Kunfi A, Bogner MM, Holczbauer T, Kochman MA, Durbeej B, London G. Salicylideneaniline/Dithienylethene Hybrid Molecular Switches: Design, Synthesis, and Photochromism. J Org Chem 2024; 89:16-26. [PMID: 38060251 PMCID: PMC10777402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid molecular switch comprising salicylideneaniline (SA) and dithienylethene (DTE) moieties around a single benzene ring is reported. Due to an interplay between solvent-assisted enol-keto tautomerization in the former moiety and photochromic electrocyclization in the latter, this dithienylbenzene derivative was found to be photoresponsive at room temperature with a thermally stable closed form. The main photoproduct featuring ring-closed DTE and keto-enamine SA structures could be isolated and converted back to the starting material by irradiation with visible light. The optical properties of the potential structures involved in the overall process were characterized by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations in good agreement with the measured data. The reversibility of the conversion could be tuned by the presence of donor and acceptor substituents, while the introduction of the imine in the form of a benzothiazole moiety enabled photochemistry even in nonprotic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter
Pál Kalapos
- MTA
TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for
Natural Sciences, Magyar
Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Kunfi
- MTA
TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for
Natural Sciences, Magyar
Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcell M. Bogner
- MTA
TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for
Natural Sciences, Magyar
Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Holczbauer
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Centre for Structural
Science, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michał Andrzej Kochman
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Marcina Kasprzaka
44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bo Durbeej
- Division
of Theoretical Chemistry, IFM, Linköping
University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gábor London
- MTA
TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for
Natural Sciences, Magyar
Tudósok Krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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Kalapos PP, Mayer PJ, Gazdag T, Demeter A, Oruganti B, Durbeej B, London G. Photoswitching of Local (Anti)Aromaticity in Biphenylene-Based Diarylethene Molecular Switches. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9532-9542. [PMID: 35849785 PMCID: PMC9361354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
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Photoinduced tuning of (anti)aromaticity and associated
molecular
properties is currently in the focus of attention for both tailoring
photochemical reactivity and designing new materials. Here, we report
on the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of diarylethene-based
molecular switches embedded in a biphenylene structure composed of
rings with different levels of local (anti)aromaticity. We show that
it is possible to modulate and control the (anti)aromatic character
of each ring through reversible photoswitching of the aryl units of
the system between open and closed forms. Remarkably, it is shown
that the irreversible formation of an annulated bis(dihydro-thiopyran)
side-product that hampers the photoswitching can be efficiently suppressed
when the aryl core formed by thienyl groups in one switch is replaced
by thiazolyl groups in another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Pál Kalapos
- MTA TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter J Mayer
- MTA TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich tér 1, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Gazdag
- MTA TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/a, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Attila Demeter
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Baswanth Oruganti
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, SE-45041 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Bo Durbeej
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, IFM, Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gábor London
- MTA TTK Lendület Functional Organic Materials Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok krt. 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
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