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Comí M, Moncho S, Attar S, Barłóg M, Brothers E, Bazzi HS, Al-Hashimi M. Structural-Functional Properties of Asymmetric Fluoro-Alkoxy Substituted Benzothiadiazole Homopolymers with Flanked Chalcogen-Based Heterocycles. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200731. [PMID: 36285613 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of asymmetric alkoxy- are reported, fluoro-benzothiadiazole (BT) acceptor core derivatized with a series of six different heterocycles (selenophene, thiophene, furan, 5-thiazole, 2-thiazole and 2-oxazole). The effect of the flanked-heterocycles containing different chalcogen atoms of the six homopolymers (HPX) is studied using optical, thermal, electrochemical, and computational analysis. Computational calculations indicate a strong relationship between the most stable conformation for each homopolymer and their bearing heterocycle, thus homopolymers HPSe', HPTp', HPFu', and HPTzC5, adopted the syn-syn and syn-anti conformations due to their noncovalent interactions with shorter distances, while HPTzC2' and HPOx' demonstrate preference for the anti-anti conformation. Optical property studies of the homopolymers reveal a strong red-shift in solution and film upon exchanging the chalcogen atom from Oxygen < Sulfur < Selenium in HPFu, HPTp, and HPSe, respectively. In addition, deeper highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels are observed when the donor-acceptor moieties (HPSe, HPTp, and HPFu) are substituted for the acceptor-acceptor systems such as HPTzC5, HPTzC2, and HPOx. Improved packing and morphology are exhibited for the donor-acceptor homopolymers. Thus, having a flanked heterocycle containing different chalcogen-atoms in polymeric systems is one way of tuning the physicochemical properties of conjugated materials for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Comí
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 23874, Qatar
| | - Salvador Moncho
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 23874, Qatar
| | - Salahuddin Attar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 23874, Qatar
| | - Maciej Barłóg
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 23874, Qatar
| | - Edward Brothers
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 23874, Qatar
| | - Hassan S Bazzi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 23874, Qatar.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, 209 Reed MacDonald Building, College Station, TX, 77843-3003, USA
| | - Mohammed Al-Hashimi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, Doha, P.O. Box 23874, Qatar
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Marin-Beloqui JM, Gómez S, Gonev HI, Comí M, Al-Hashimi M, Clarke TM. Truncated conjugation in fused heterocycle-based conducting polymers: when greater planarity does not enhance conjugation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:812-821. [PMID: 36755723 PMCID: PMC9890783 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06271b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main assumptions in the design of new conjugated polymer materials for their use in organic electronics is that higher coplanarity leads to greater conjugation along the polymer backbone. Conventionally, a more planar monomer structure induces a larger backbone coplanarity, thus leading to a greater overlap of the carbon π-orbitals and therefore a higher degree of π-electron delocalisation. However, here we present a case that counters the validity of this assumption. Different diselenophene-based polymers were studied where one polymer possesses two selenophene rings fused together to create a more rigid, planar structure. The effects of this greater polymer coplanarity were examined using Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Raman spectra showed a large difference between the vibrational modes of the fused and unfused polymers, indicating very different electronic structures. Resonance Raman spectroscopy confirmed the rigidity of the fused selenophene polymer and also revealed, by studying the excitation profiles of the different bands, the presence of two shorter, uncoupled conjugation pathways. Supported by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, we have demonstrated that the reason for this lack of conjugation is a distortion of the selenophene rings due to the induced planarity, forming a new truncated conjugation pathway through the selenophene β-position and bypassing the beneficial α-position. This effect was studied using DFT in an ample range of derivatives, where substitution of the selenium atom with other heteroatoms still maintained the same unconventional conjugation-planarity relationship, confirming the generality of this phenomenon. This work establishes an important structure-property relationship for conjugated polymers that will help rational design of more efficient organic electronics materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Manuel Marin-Beloqui
- Department of Chemistry, University College London Christopher Ingold Building London WC1H 0AJ UK .,Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Malaga Blvrd Louis Pasteur 31 29010 Malaga Spain
| | - Sandra Gómez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of SalamancaCaidos Sq.37008SalamancaSpain
| | - Hristo Ivov Gonev
- Department of Chemistry, University College London Christopher Ingold Building London WC1H 0AJ UK
| | - Marc Comí
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at QatarEducation City, P. O. Box 23874DohaQatar
| | - Mohammed Al-Hashimi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at QatarEducation City, P. O. Box 23874DohaQatar
| | - Tracey M. Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, University College LondonChristopher Ingold BuildingLondon WC1H 0AJUK
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Chen T, Ye F, Hu R, Tang BZ. Multicomponent Polymerizations of Isocyanides, Aldehydes, and 2-Aminopyridine toward Imidazo[1,2- a]pyridine-Containing Fused Heterocyclic Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Rongrong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
- AIE Institute, Guangzhou 510530, China
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Kini GP, Parashar M, Jahandar M, Lee J, Chung S, Cho K, Shukla VK, Singh R. Structure–property relationships of diketopyrrolopyrrole- and thienoacene-based A–D–A type hole transport materials for efficient perovskite solar cells. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00294a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two DPP-based hole-transporting materials with different aromatic π-bridges have been synthesized and tested for perovskite solar cells. Improved power conversion efficiency and stability were achieved by employing DPP-TT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gururaj P. Kini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Mritunjaya Parashar
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201312, India
| | - Muhammad Jahandar
- Surface Technology Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwon-daero, Seongsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sein Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Kilwon Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, South Korea
| | - Vivek Kumar Shukla
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Vocational Studies and Applied Sciences, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201312, India
| | - Ranbir Singh
- School of Computing and Electrical Engineering (SCEE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, 175005, India
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