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Chen Z, Ren J, Yun Z, Wen Q, Fu Q, Qiu S. Effects of agricultural mulch film on swine manure composting: Film degradation and nitrogen transformation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 406:131042. [PMID: 38936678 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of biodegradable mulch films (bio-MFs) is essential for agricultural safety. This study explored the effects of no MF (CK), aging bio-MF (BM), non-aging bio-MF (NBM), and aging polyethylene (PE)-MF (PEM) on swine manure composting. The results demonstrated that outdoor aging (45 days) accelerated the macroscopic degradation of bio-MF in the BM. A reduction in NH4+-N and NH3 emissions in the initial composting was observed owing to an increase in the carbon source or the bulking effect provided by the MFs. N2O emissions from days 9 to 21 were higher in the PEM than other treatments because of the formation of anaerobic zone in the MF-based aggregates. An obvious increase of amoA in PEM indicated a promoted nitrification during the maturation phase, meanwhile the increase of NO2--N and aggregate promoted denitrification. Altogether, MF influenced composting through the synergistic effects of increasing the carbon source, bulking effect, and aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Jie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Zerui Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Qiqi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
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Gu X, Zhu S, Liu S, Liu Y. Analysis of the Influencing Factors of the Efficient Degradation of Waste Polyurethane and Its Scheme Optimization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102337. [PMID: 37242911 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This work proposes an efficient catalytic recovery and utilization method for waste polyurethane foam. This method uses ethylene glycol (EG) and propylene glycol (PPG) as two-component alcohololytic agents for the alcoholysis of waste polyurethane foams. For the preparation of recycled polyethers, the conditions of different catalytic degradation systems were catalyzed by duplex metal catalysts (DMC) and alkali metal catalysts, and a synergy with both was also used. The experimental method was adopted with the blank control group and was set up for comparative analysis. The effect of the catalysts on the recycling of waste polyurethane foam was investigated. The catalytic degradation of DMC and the alkali metal catalysts alone, as well as the synergistic effect of the two catalysts, was explored. The findings revealed that the NaOH and DMC synergistic catalytic system was the best, and that the system activity was high under a two-component catalyst synergistic degradation. When the amount of NaOH added in the degradation system was 0.25%, the amount of DMC added was 0.04%, the reaction time was 2.5 h, and the reaction temperature was 160 °C, the waste polyurethane foam was completely alcoholized, and the prepared regenerated polyurethane foam had high compressive strength and good thermal stability. The efficient catalytic recycling method of waste polyurethane foam proposed in this paper has certain guiding and reference values for the practical production of solid-waste-recycled polyurethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
- School of Energy and Building Environment, Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Shangwen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Siwen Liu
- College of Innovative Material and Energy, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
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Ma J, Deng B, Fan Y, Huang X, Chen D, Ma Y, Chen H, Grzesiak AL, Feng S. Polyurethane elastomers with amphiphilic ABA tri-block co-polymers as the soft segments showing record-high tensile strength and simultaneously increased ductility. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00752e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyurethane elastomers with amphiphilic ABA tri-block co-polymers as the soft segments robustly show record-high tensile strength and simultaneously increased ductility via producing small and uniform hard domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Baixue Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yanbin Fan
- The Dow Chemical Company, 936 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiayun Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Daoyong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yan Ma
- The Dow Chemical Company, 936 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- The Dow Chemical Company, 936 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Adam L. Grzesiak
- The Dow Chemical Company, 693 Washington Street, Midland, Michigan 48640, USA
| | - Shaoguang Feng
- The Dow Chemical Company, 936 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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