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Biswas S, Ghosh S, Das I. Supporting Electrolyte-Free Electrochemical Oxidative C-H Sulfonylation and Thiocyanation of Fused Pyrimidin-4-Ones in an All-Green Electrolytic System. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303118. [PMID: 37934155 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
An electrooxidative C-H functionalization is a widely accepted route to obtain sulfur-containing arenes and heteroarenes. However, this process often involves using non-recyclable supporting electrolytes, (co)solvents like hexafluoroisopropanol, additives like acid, or catalysts. The use of additional reagents can increase costs and waste, reducing atom efficiency. Moreover, unlike other nitrogen-containing heterocycles, there have only been sporadic reports of electrochemical C-H functionalization in fused pyrimidin-4-ones, and an electrolyte-free process has yet to be developed. This work demonstrates that such anodic coupling reactions can be performed in an all-green electrolytic system without using such additional electrolytes or HFIP, maintaining a high atom economy. This C-H functionalization strategy utilizes inexpensive sodium sulfinates and ammonium thiocyanate as sulfonylating and thiocyanating agents in an undivided cell at a constant current, using a mixture of CH3 CN/H2 O as solvent at room temperature. Thus, fused pyrimidin-4-ones can be selectively converted into C3-sulfonylated and -thiocyanated derivatives in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Biswas
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhadeep Ghosh
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 201002, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Indrajit Das
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, 700032, Kolkata, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 201002, Ghaziabad, India
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Abstract
We have developed an electrochemical method for the direct C-H sulfonylation of aldehyde hydrazones using sodium sufinates as the sulfonylating agent under supporting electrolyte-free conditions. This straightforward sulfonylation strategy afforded a library of (E)-sufonylated hydrazones with high tolerance of various functional groups. The radical pathway of this reaction has been revealed by the mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Payel Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan 731235, India
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Li YN, Wang B, Huang YK, Hu JS, Sun JN. Recent advances in metal catalyst- and oxidant-free electrochemical C-H bond functionalization of nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Front Chem 2022; 10:967501. [PMID: 36059873 PMCID: PMC9437222 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The C-H functionalization of nitrogen-containing heterocycles has emerged as a powerful strategy for the construction of carbon-carbon (C-C) and carbon-heteroatom (C-X) bonds. In order to achieve efficient and selective C-H functionalization, electrochemical synthesis has attracted increasing attention. Because electrochemical anodic oxidation is ideal for replacing chemical reagents in C-H functionalization reactions. This mini-review summarizes the current knowledge and recent advances since 2017 in the synthetic utility of electrochemical transformations for the C-H functionalization of nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- *Correspondence: Ya-Nan Li, ; Jia-Nan Sun,
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Ye-Kai Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jin-Song Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Jia-Nan Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Ya-Nan Li, ; Jia-Nan Sun,
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4
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Solvent-controlled photosensitized divergent C3-ethoxycarbonylmethylation/hydroxyalkylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with diethyl bromomalonate. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Feng Z, Deng L, Wei J, Wu Y, Jiang Z, Wang Y. Metal- and additive-free direct C3-aminomethylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with 1,3,5-triazinanes. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Yu Y, Fang Y, Tang R, Xu D, Dai S, Zhang W. Electrochemical oxidative sulfonylation of N‐arylamides/amine with sodium sulfinates. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingliang Yu
- Anhui Normal University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Yang Fang
- Anhui Normal University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Rumeng Tang
- Anhui Normal University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Dongping Xu
- Anhui Normal University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Shuaishuai Dai
- Anhui Normal University College of Chemistry and Materials Science CHINA
| | - Wu Zhang
- Anhui Normal University College of Chemistry and Materials Science 1 Beijing Eastroad 241000 Wuhu CHINA
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Qiao H, Yang L, Sun W, Chen Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Dong H. Metal-Free C3-H Hydrazination of Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine with Azodiformates in Water at Room Temperature. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-21-14576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wang D, Zhang L, Xiao F, Mao GJ, Deng GJ. Electrochemical Selective C3-Thiolation of Quinolines. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00148a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical method has been developed to achieve C3-thiolation of quinoline compounds. This new strategy highlights the maximum atom economy, direct conversion and also the use of simple and readily...
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Qiao H, Yang L, Chen Y, Wang J, Sun W, Dong H, Wang Y. An Efficient Three-Component Tandem Approach for the Synthesis of Imidazoheterocycle-Hydrazine Derivatives under Mild Conditions. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202110015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Leclercq E, Boddaert M, Beaucamp M, Penhoat M, Chausset-Boissarie L. Electrochemical sulfonylation of imidazoheterocycles under batch and continuous flow conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9379-9385. [PMID: 34673877 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01822a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and versatile protocol for the C-H sulfonylation of imidazoheterocycles via electrochemical activation was established under batch and flow conditions. The selective C-H bond functionalization proceeded under catalyst- and oxidant-free conditions and tolerated a wide range of functional groups. Various sodium sulfinates as well as imidazo[1,2-a]-pyridines, -pyrimidine, -quinolines, and -isoquinolines, imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine, imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles and benzo[d]imidazo[1,2-b]thiazoles reacted successfully. Interestingly, significant acceleration and higher yields were obtained under microfluidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Leclercq
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290 - MSAP - Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Maxime Boddaert
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290 - MSAP - Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Mathieu Beaucamp
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290 - MSAP - Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Maël Penhoat
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290 - MSAP - Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Laëtitia Chausset-Boissarie
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, USR 3290 - MSAP - Miniaturisation pour la Synthèse l'Analyse et la Protéomique, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Ghosh D, Ghosh S, Hajra A. Electrochemical Functionalization of Imidazopyridine and Indazole: An Overview. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry St. Joseph's College (Autonomous) Bangalore 560027 Karnataka India
| | - Sumit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry Visva-Bharati (A Central University) Santiniketan 731235 India
| | - Alakananda Hajra
- Department of Chemistry Visva-Bharati (A Central University) Santiniketan 731235 India
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12
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Gu Q, Wang X, Liu X, Wu G, Xie Y, Shao Y, Zhao Y, Zeng X. Electrochemical sulfonylation of enamides with sodium sulfinates to access β-amidovinyl sulfones. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8295-8300. [PMID: 34519742 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01485d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical sulfonylation of enamides with sodium sulfinates was developed in an undivided cell in constant current mode, leading to the formation of β-amidovinyl sulfones in moderate to good yields. The catalyst-, electrolyte- and oxidant-free protocol features good functional group tolerance and employs electric current as a green oxidant. Mechanistic insights into the reaction indicate that the reaction may proceed via a radical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinyi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guixia Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yushan Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaobao Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Ye X, Wu X, Guo SR, Huang D, Sun X. Recent advances of sodium sulfinates in radical reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kim W, Kim HY, Oh K. Oxidation Potential-Guided Electrochemical Radical-Radical Cross-Coupling Approaches to 3-Sulfonylated Imidazopyridines and Indolizines. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15973-15991. [PMID: 34185997 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation potential-guided electrochemical radical-radical cross-coupling reactions between N-heteroarenes and sodium sulfinates have been established. Thus, simple cyclic voltammetry measurement of substrates predicts the likelihood of successful radical-radical coupling reactions, allowing the simple and direct synthetic access to 3-sulfonylated imidazopyridines and indolizines. The developed electrochemical radical-radical cross-coupling reactions to sulfonylated N-heteroarenes boast the green synthetic nature of the reactions that are oxidant- and metal-free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wansoo Kim
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.,Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Young Kim
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsoo Oh
- Center for Metareceptome Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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