1
|
Zhi S, Ma X, Zhang W. Radical Cyclization-Initiated Difunctionalization Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes. Molecules 2024; 29:2559. [PMID: 38893437 PMCID: PMC11173560 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Radical reactions are powerful in the synthesis of diverse molecular scaffolds bearing functional groups. In previous review articles, we have presented 1,2-difunctionalizations, remote 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, 1,6- and 1,7-difunctionalizations, and addition followed by cyclization reactions. Presented in this paper is radical cyclization followed by the second functionalization reaction. The second functionalization could be realized by atom transfer reactions, radical or transition metal-assisted coupling reactions, and reactions with neutral molecules, cationic and anionic species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjun Zhi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Chemistry of Low-Dimensional Materials, Huaiyin Normal University, 111 Changjiang West Road, Huaian 223300, China;
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China;
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wei HZ, Shi M, Wei Y. Visible-light-induced reactions of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs). Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2726-2738. [PMID: 36752186 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Diverse, visible-light-induced transformations of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) have been reported in recent years, attracting significant attention from synthetic chemists. As readily accessible strained molecules, MCPs have sufficient reactivity to selectively generate different target products, through reactions with various radical species upon visible-light irradiation under regulated reaction conditions. These transformations can be classified into three subcategories of reaction pathway, forming ring-opened products, cyclopropane derivatives, and alkynes. These products include pharmaceutical intermediates and polycyclic/heterocyclic compounds that are challenging to obtain using traditional methods. This review summarizes the recent advancements in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhao Wei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu XL, Lin HZ, Tan LQ, Peng JB. Palladium- and Brønsted acid-catalyzed enantio-, site- and E/ Z-selective addition of alkylidenecyclopropanes with imines. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2348-2352. [PMID: 36873841 PMCID: PMC9977444 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05674g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transition-metal catalyzed functionalization of ACPs has been widely investigated in cycloaddition and 1,3-difunctionalization reactions. However, the transition metal catalyzed nucleophilic reactions of ACPs have rarely been reported. In this article, an enantio-, site- and E/Z-selective addition of ACPs with imines for the synthesis of dienyl substituted amines has been developed via palladium- and Brønsted acid co-catalysis. A range of synthetically valuable dienyl substituted amines were effectively prepared with good to excellent yields and excellent enantio- and E/Z-selectivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lian Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University Jiangmen Guangdong 529020 People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Ze Lin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University Jiangmen Guangdong 529020 People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Qi Tan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University Jiangmen Guangdong 529020 People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Bao Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University Jiangmen Guangdong 529020 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu XL, Zhang YY, Li L, Tan LQ, Huang YA, Ma AJ, Peng JB. Palladium-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Reaction of Alkylidenecyclopropanes with β,γ-Unsaturated α-Ketoesters: Ligand-Controlled Divergent Synthesis. Org Lett 2022; 24:6692-6696. [PMID: 36069756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed ligand-controlled selective 1,4-addition and cycloaddition reaction of β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters with alkylidenecyclopropanes (ACPs) has been developed. Using ACPs and β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters as starting materials, γ-dienyl-α-ketoesters and dihydro-2H-pyrans could be prepared selectively by modulating the ligand. A range of multisubstituted α-ketoesters and dihydro-2H-pyrans were obtained in moderate to excellent yields with excellent regioselectivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Lian Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, PR China
| | - You-Ya Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, PR China
| | - Lu-Qi Tan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, PR China
| | - Yin-Ai Huang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, PR China
| | - Ai-Jun Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, PR China
| | - Jin-Bao Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zeng YF, Wu JB, Chen JT, Guo Y, Wang Z. Oxidative functionalization of alkylidenecyclopropanes and alkylidenecyclobutanes: a versatile platform to access nitrated cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7022-7026. [PMID: 36006008 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01426b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A divergent radical nitration of alkylidenecyclopropanes (ACPs) and alkylidenecyclobutanes (ACBs) with Fe(NO3)3·9H2O or AgNO2 has been achieved, affording three categories of products including β-nitro alcohol, α-nitro ketone and nitro nitratosation products with yields up to 90%. Particularly, the cyclopropyl and cyclobutyl rings were conserved in the products. The applicability of this method was demonstrated by the scale-up experiment and reduction of the nitro into an amino group. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggested that the nitro radical was involved in the reaction process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Fu Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Jin-Bo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Jin-Tao Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Yu Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu FP, Wu XF. Catalyst-controlled selective borocarbonylation of benzylidenecyclopropanes: regiodivergent synthesis of γ-vinylboryl ketones and β-cyclopropylboryl ketones. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4321-4326. [PMID: 35509466 PMCID: PMC9006926 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00840h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regioselective catalytic multi-functionalization reactions enable the rapid synthesis of complexed products from the same precursors. In this communication, we present a method for the regiodivergent borocarbonylation of benzylidenecyclopropanes with aryl iodides. Various γ-vinylboryl ketones and β-cyclopropylboryl ketones were produced in moderate to good yields with excellent regioselectivity from the same substrates. The choice of the catalyst is key for the regioselectivity control: γ-vinylboryl ketones were produced selectively with IPrCuCl and Pd(dppp)Cl2 as the catalytic system, while the corresponding β-cyclopropylboryl ketones were obtained in high regioselectivity with Cu(dppp)Cl, [Pd(η3-cinnamyl)Cl]2 and xantphos as the catalytic system. Moreover, γ-vinylboryl ketones and β-cyclopropylboryl ketones were successfully transformed into several other value-added products. A novel procedure for regiodivergent borocarbonylation of benzylidenecyclopropanes has been developed. A variety of valuable γ-vinylboryl ketones and β-cyclopropylboryl ketones can be obtained selectively in excellent yields.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Peng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a 18059 Rostock Germany .,Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 116023 Dalian Liaoning China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wei HZ, Wei Y, Shi M. Construction of an isoquinolinone framework from carboxylic-ester-directed umpolung ring opening of methylenecyclopropanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11201-11204. [PMID: 34622891 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04826k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An interesting type of reaction involving functionalized methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) has been revealed. Here, a nucleophilic attack of an anionic species onto a partially polarity-reversed MCP was realized by treating a neighbouring carboxylic ester tethered to the MCP and amine with KHMDS to realize an umpolung ring opening of the MCP. This work established an operationally convenient protocol for the rapid construction of isoquinolinone frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Zhao Wei
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gu X, Wei Y, Shi M. Construction of polysubstituted spiro[2.3] or [3.3] cyclic frameworks fused with a tosylated pyrrolidine promoted by visible-light-induced photosensitization. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01373d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel visible-light-induced intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) for the rapid construction of polysubstituted spiro[2.3] or [3.3] cyclic frameworks fused with a tosylated pyrrolidine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Gu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei Long Road, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu B, Wang Z, Xi H, Feng Z, Wang B, Jiao W, Li Z, Wang Z, Wu J. Visible-light-promoted divergent functionalizations of methylenecyclopropanes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01187a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Visible-light-induced monofunctionalization and difunctionalization of MCPs via ring-opening and cyclization processes have been developed for the syntheses of difluoromethyl compounds, alkyl compounds, halides, and sulfonyl compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Zhu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xi
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zengqiang Feng
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Binglei Wang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Wenyang Jiao
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Zhongxian Li
- High & New Technology Research Center, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, P.R. China
| | - Zechao Wang
- Division of Molecular Catalysis & Synthesis, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Junliang Wu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|