1
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Zhang T, Feng H. Skeletal Editing of Isatins for Heterocycle Molecular Diversity. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400024. [PMID: 38847062 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Isatins have been widely used in the preparation of a variety of heterocyclic compounds, where the skeletal editing of isatins has shown significant advantages for the construction of diverse heterocycles. This review highlights the progress made in the last decade (2013-2023) in the skeletal editing of the isatin scaffold. A series of ring expansion reactions for the construction of quinoline skeleton, quinolone skeleton, polycyclic quinazoline skeleton, medium-sized ring skeleton, as well as a series of ring opening reactions for the generation of 2-(azoly)aniline skeleton by the cleavage of C-C bond and C-N bond are highlighted. It is hoped that this review will provide some understanding of the chemical transformations of isatins and contribute to the further realization of its molecular diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Huangdi Feng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
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2
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Yang Q, Huang S, Yin L, Wang Z, Chen X, Huang C. NBS-Promoted Synthesis of Thiocyanated Aminomaleimides and Site-Selective Intramolecular Cyclization Access to 1,4-Benzothiazepines via S-CN Bond Cleavage. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5266-5276. [PMID: 38592168 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
A transition metal-free concise and efficient protocol for the synthesis of thiocyanated aminomaleimides and benzo[e][1,4]thiazepine derivatives has been developed. The method involves an initial α-C-H thiocyanation of aminomaleimides with KSCN and TEMPO-mediated tandem S-CN bond cleavage/intramolecular cyclization substitution processes, which enables the formation of seven-membered S/N-heterocycles. This synthetic strategy provides a reliable method for the synthesis of biologically interesting benzo[e][1,4]thiazepine derivatives by using KSCN as sulfur sources as well as expands the application of enaminones thiocyanation reactions in heterocycles synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Resource Engineering, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, P.R. China
| | - Shuntao Huang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Lu Yin
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoyu Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Xuebing Chen
- School of Chemistry and Resource Engineering, Honghe University, Mengzi 661199, P.R. China
| | - Chao Huang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
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Jiao Y, Zhu J, Han N, Shen R, Zhang Y, Rong L, Zhang J. Three-Component Reaction for the Synthesis of Spiro-Heterocycles from Isatins, Substituted Ureas, and Cyclic Ketones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:3441-3452. [PMID: 38377488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
We reported an efficient three-component reaction to access new spiro heterocycles through the annulation reactions of isatins, substituted ureas, and cyclic ketones under normal laboratory conditions, which is another example of isatins being used to build spiro compounds by the ring-opening and recyclization processes. The wide range of substrates, simple operation, normal experimental conditions, and high yields make the approach of high practical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Biological Data Mining and Healthcare Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Junyi Zhu
- Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Niankun Han
- Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Rongcheng Shen
- Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Liangce Rong
- Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Biological Data Mining and Healthcare Transformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, PR China
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Vijaykumar M, Pradhan C, Gonnade RG, Punji B. Palladium-Catalyzed Chemoselective Oxygenation of C(sp 2)-H and C(sp 3)-H Bonds in Isatins. Org Lett 2023; 25:1862-1867. [PMID: 36920045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed chemoselective C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H bond oxygenation of substituted isatin derivatives is reported. This mild protocol exhibits the C5 C(sp2)-H oxygenation of isatins through electrophilic intermolecular C-H palladation in concentrated solutions using PhI(OAc)2 or Selectfluor as an oxidant, whereas it exhibits-N-CH3 C(sp3)-H oxygenation in dilute solutions via carbonyl-assisted intramolecular palladation in the presence of K2S2O8. This oxygenation reaction provides a direct and unified approach for synthesizing diverse oxygenated isatins with sensitive functionalities, including biorelevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muniyappa Vijaykumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Chandini Pradhan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Rajesh G Gonnade
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Benudhar Punji
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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Zhao M, Fu J, Sang Y, Wang Z, Liu W, Chen C. Electrosynthesis of methyl 2-ureidobenzoates via a C2–C3 bond cleavage of isatins. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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6
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Liu B, Deng Q, Zhang L, Yu A, Meng X. Switchable C2/C3 positional selectivity of thioisatins in a three-component domino reaction: combined computational and experimental studies. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9639-9644. [PMID: 36411991 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01764d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The nucleophile-induced domino reaction is a featured reactivity mode of thioisatin, but the C2/C3 positional selectivity towards a nucleophile has not been understood in-depth. In this work, a domino reaction of thioisatin with bromoacetophenone and tryptamine hydrochloride to produce a benzothiophene-fused eight-membered N-heterocycle was described, showing that the Brønsted acid-base form of the amine partner was crucial for the selectivity, because using tryptamine instead of tryptamine hydrochloride gave a different product. Control experiments and density functional calculations revealed that the domino reaction using tryptamine or tryptamine hydrochloride was triggered by a condensation reaction at the C2 or C3 position of thioisatin, respectively. A delicate balance between local electrophilicity and polarization effect may be responsible for the observed selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Qingsong Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Technology Center of Chemical Wastewater Source Reduction and Recycling, School of Science Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China.
| | - Aimin Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangtai Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
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Huang AX, Fu YR, Zhu HL, Zeng FL, Chen XL, Tang S, Qu LB, Yu B. Visible-Light-Promoted Phosphorylation/Cyclization of 1-Acryloyl-2-cyanoindoles in Green Solvent. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14433-14442. [PMID: 36257064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced persulfate-promoted cascade phosphorylation/cyclization reaction to access various phosphorylated pyrrolo[1,2-a]indolediones under mild conditions was developed. Notably, the transformation was carried out with diethyl carbonate/H2O as a green medium at room temperature. More impressively, traditional metal catalysts and photocatalysts could be effectively avoided. The reactions are simple to operate, easy to scale up, and have good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Xiang Huang
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road No. 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yi-Rui Fu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road No. 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hu-Lin Zhu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road No. 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fan-Lin Zeng
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road No. 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Chen
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road No. 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shi Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Renmingnan Road No. 120, Hunan 416000, China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road No. 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Kexue Road No. 100, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Deng Q, Gu J, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Meng X. Sustainable access to benzothiophene derivatives bearing a trifluoromethyl group via a three-component domino reaction in water. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7424-7428. [PMID: 35822661 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01034h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A catalyst-free three-component domino reaction was developed for the synthesis of benzothiophene fused pyrrolidones bearing a CF3 group for the first time. The notable advantages of this strategy over the existing methods include the use of water as a solvent at room temperature, transition metal-free conditions, a broad substrate scope, and easy scale-up synthesis. More importantly, the benzothiophene derivatives have been found to show potent anticancer activities using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Deng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China.
| | - Jun Gu
- The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NO.1399 Shichang West Road, Suzhou 215228, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China.
| | - Youlai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China.
| | - Xiangtai Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China.
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He C, Tang X, He X, Zhou Y, Liu X, Feng X. Regio- and enantioselective conjugate addition of β-nitro α,β-unsaturated carbonyls to construct 3-alkenyl disubstituted oxindoles. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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10
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Wu XF, Chen Z, Liu L, zhang Y, Yang Z. Copper‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Cyclization of Isatins and Trifluoroacetimidohydrazides for the Synthesis of 2‐(5‐Trifluoromethyl‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)anilines. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Wang D, Wang J, Ma C, Jiang Y, Yu B. C-3 Functionalization of 2-Aryl-2 H-indazoles under Photo/Electrocatalysis. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202208039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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12
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Hong J, Zhang M, Shi L, Liu P, Guo Y, Zhao T, Li QX, Yang L. Copper( i)-catalyzed synthesis of natural alkaloid tryptanthrin and its derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01307j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile one-pot synthesis of natural alkaloid tryptanthrin and its derivatives from isatins catalyzed by CuI in the presence of KHCO3 has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankai Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuchao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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Zhang Z, Jing L, Li E, Duan Z. Cooperative Palladium-Catalyzed and P(NEt2)3-Mediated (4+1) Annulation of Isatins with 2-Hydroxymethylallylcarbonates. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00231k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
P(NR2)3-promoted transformations of isatins with electron-withdrawing alkenes have received consistently attention over the last decades. However, no example involving chemical transformations of nonactivated or weakly activated alkenes is discovered in...
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Niu C, Xie DH, Du DM. Isothiourea-catalysed enantioselective annulation of 2-aminobenzothiophenes with α,β-unsaturated anhydrides. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01023b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An isothiourea-catalysed asymmetric Michael/lactamization cascade reaction of 2-aminobenzothiophenes and α,β-unsaturated anhydrides for the enantioselective synthesis of benzothienopiperidones with high stereoselectivities was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Niu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science & Pharmaceutics Engineering (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Hua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science & Pharmaceutics Engineering (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Ming Du
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science & Pharmaceutics Engineering (Ministry of Industry and Information Technology), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
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