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Bhat B, Pahari S, Kwon JSI, Akbulut MES. Stimuli-responsive viscosity modifiers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 321:103025. [PMID: 37871381 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive viscosity modifiers entail an important class of materials which allow for smart material formation utilizing various stimuli for switching such as pH, temperature, light and salinity. They have seen applications in the biomedical space including tissue engineering and drug delivery, wherein stimuli responsive hydrogels and polymeric vessels have been extensively applied. Applications have also been seen in other domains like the energy sector and automobile industry, in technologies such as enhanced oil recovery. The chemistry and microstructural arrangements of the aqueous morphologies of dissolved materials are usually sensitive to the aforementioned stimuli which subsequently results in rheological sensitivity as well. Herein, we overview different structures capable of viscosity modification as well as go over the rheological theory associated with classical systems studied in literature. A detailed analysis allows us to explore correlations between commonly discussed models such as molecular packing parameter, tube reptation and stress relaxation with structural and rheological changes. We then present five primary mechanisms corresponding to stimuli responsive viscosity modification: (i) packing parameter modification via functional group conditioning and (ii) via dynamic bond formation, (iii) mesh formation by interlinking of network nodes, (iv) viscosity modification by chain conformation changes and (v) viscosity modification by particle jamming. We also overview several recent examples from literature that employ the concepts discussed to create novel classes of intriguing stimuli responsive structures and their corresponding rheological properties. Furthermore, we also explore systems that are responsive to multiple stimuli which can provide enhanced functionality and versatility by providing multi-level and precise actuation. Such systems have been used for programmed site-specific drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Bhat
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Silabrata Pahari
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mustafa E S Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Telin A, Lenchenkova L, Yakubov R, Poteshkina K, Krisanova P, Filatov A, Stefantsev A. Application of Hydrogels and Hydrocarbon-Based Gels in Oil Production Processes and Well Drilling. Gels 2023; 9:609. [PMID: 37623064 PMCID: PMC10454059 DOI: 10.3390/gels9080609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of gels in oil production processes has become a regular practice in oilfield operations and is constantly developing in all oil-producing countries of the world, as evidenced by the growth of publications and patent activity on this topic. Many oil production processes, such as hydraulic fracturing, conformance control, water, and gas shutoff, cannot be imagined without the use of gel technologies. Inorganic, organic, and hybrid gels are used, as well as foams, gel-forming, and gel-dispersed systems. The possibility of a broad control of structural and mechanical properties, thermal stability, and shear resistance by introducing microscale and nanoscale additives made hydrogels and hydrocarbon-based gels indispensable tools for oil engineers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Telin
- Ufa Scientific and Technical Center, LLC, 99/3, Kirova Street, 450078 Ufa, Russia
| | - Lyubov Lenchenkova
- Faculty of Mining and Petroleum, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, 1, Kosmonavtov Street, 450064 Ufa, Russia; (L.L.); (R.Y.)
| | - Ravil Yakubov
- Faculty of Mining and Petroleum, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, 1, Kosmonavtov Street, 450064 Ufa, Russia; (L.L.); (R.Y.)
| | - Kira Poteshkina
- World-Class Research Center «Efficient Development of the Global Liquid Hydrocarbon Reserves», Faculty of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Oil and Gas «Gubkin University», 65 Lenin Avenue, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.P.); (P.K.); (A.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Polina Krisanova
- World-Class Research Center «Efficient Development of the Global Liquid Hydrocarbon Reserves», Faculty of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Oil and Gas «Gubkin University», 65 Lenin Avenue, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.P.); (P.K.); (A.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrey Filatov
- World-Class Research Center «Efficient Development of the Global Liquid Hydrocarbon Reserves», Faculty of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Oil and Gas «Gubkin University», 65 Lenin Avenue, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.P.); (P.K.); (A.F.); (A.S.)
| | - Aleksandr Stefantsev
- World-Class Research Center «Efficient Development of the Global Liquid Hydrocarbon Reserves», Faculty of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Oil and Gas «Gubkin University», 65 Lenin Avenue, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.P.); (P.K.); (A.F.); (A.S.)
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Lin YT, Liu S, Bhat B, Kuan KY, Zhou W, Cobos IJ, Kwon JSI, Akbulut MES. pH- and temperature-responsive supramolecular assemblies with highly adjustable viscoelasticity: a multi-stimuli binary system. SOFT MATTER 2023. [PMID: 37449660 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00549f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials are increasingly needed for the development of smart electronic, mechanical, and biological devices and systems relying on switchable, tunable, and adaptable properties. Herein, we report a novel pH- and temperature-responsive binary supramolecular assembly involving a long-chain hydroxyamino amide (HAA) and an inorganic hydrotrope, boric acid, with highly tunable viscous and viscoelastic properties. The system under investigation demonstrates a high degree of control over its viscosity, with the capacity to achieve over four orders of magnitude of control through the concomitant manipulation of pH and temperature. In addition, the transformation from non-Maxwellian to Maxwellian fluid behavior could also be induced by changing the pH and temperature. Switchable rheological properties were ascribed to the morphological transformation between spherical vesicles, aggregated/fused spherical vesicles, and bicontinuous gyroid structures revealed by cryo-TEM studies. The observed transitions are attributed to the modulation of the head group spacing between HAA molecules under different pH conditions. Specifically, acidic conditions induce electrostatic repulsion between the protonated amino head groups, leading to an increased spacing. Conversely, under basic conditions, the HAA head group spacing is reduced due to the intercalation of tetrahydroxyborate, facilitated by hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Lin
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Shuhao Liu
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Bhargavi Bhat
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Kai-Yuan Kuan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Ignacio Jose Cobos
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mustafa E S Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Xu Z, Yu S, Fu R, Wang J, Feng Y. pH-Responsive Viscoelastic Fluids of a C 22-Tailed Surfactant Induced by Trivalent Metal Ions. Molecules 2023; 28:4621. [PMID: 37375175 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
pH-responsive viscoelastic fluids are often achieved by adding hydrotropes into surfactant solutions. However, the use of metal salts to prepare pH-responsive viscoelastic fluids has been less documented. Herein, a pH-responsive viscoelastic fluid was developed by blending an ultra-long-chain tertiary amine, N-erucamidopropyl-N, N-dimethylamine (UC22AMPM), with metal salts (i.e., AlCl3, CrCl3, and FeCl3). The effects of the surfactant/metal salt mixing ratio and the type of metal ions on the viscoelasticity and phase behavior of fluids were systematically examined by appearance observation and rheometry. To elucidate the role of metal ions, the rheological properties between AlCl3- and HCl-UC22AMPM systems were compared. Results showed the above metal salt evoked the low-viscosity UC22AMPM dispersions to form viscoelastic solutions. Similar to HCl, AlCl3 could also protonate the UC22AMPM into a cationic surfactant, forming wormlike micelles (WLMs). Notably, much stronger viscoelastic behavior was evidenced in the UC22AMPM-AlCl3 systems because the Al3+ as metal chelators coordinated with WLMs, promoting the increment of viscosity. By tuning the pH, the macroscopic appearance of the UC22AMPM-AlCl3 system switched between transparent solutions and milky dispersion, concomitant with a viscosity variation of one order of magnitude. Importantly, the UC22AMPM-AlCl3 systems showed a constant viscosity of 40 mPa·s at 80 °C and 170 s-1 for 120 min, indicative of good heat and shear resistances. The metal-containing viscoelastic fluids are expected to be good candidates for high-temperature reservoir hydraulic fracturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xu
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuai Yu
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Rong Fu
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- TianFu YongXing Laboratory, New Theory and Technology of CO2 Capture Research Center, Chengdu 610217, China
| | - Yujun Feng
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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Bhat B, Pahari S, Kwon JSI, Akbulut MES. Rheological dynamics and structural characteristics of supramolecular assemblies of β-cyclodextrin and sulfonic surfactants. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:2231-2240. [PMID: 36912013 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00132f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins are highly functional compounds with a hydrophobic cavity capable of forming supramolecular inclusion complexes with various classes of molecules including surfactants. The resultant rich nanostructures and their dynamics are an interesting research problem in the area of soft condensed matter and related applications. Herein, we report novel dynamical supramolecular assemblies based on the complexation of β-cyclodextrin with 3 different sulfonic surfactants, which are sodium hexadecylsulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and myristyl sulfobetaine. It was observed that a β-cyclodextrin : surfactant/2 : 1 molar ratio was ideal for inducing axial growth and imparting large viscosities in the suspensions. Such complexation processes were accompanied by intriguing nanostructural phase behaviors and rheological properties that were very sensitive to the molecular architecture of sulfonic surfactants. The presence of an amino group in the head group of the surfactant allowed for large viscosities that reached 2.4 × 104 Pa s which exhibited gel-like behavior. In contrast, smaller viscosity values with a lower consistency index were observed when a bulky aromatic ring was present instead. DIC microscopy was used to visually probe the microstructure of the systems with respect to sulfonate molecular architecture. Additionally, surface tension measurements, and FTIR and NMR spectroscopies were used to gain insights into the nature of interactions that lead to the complexation and nanostructural characteristics. Finally, mechanics correlating the supramolecular morphologies to the rheological properties were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Bhat
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Silabrata Pahari
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mustafa E S Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Experimental Study of the Rheology of Cellulose Nanocrystals-enhanced C22-tailed Zwitterionic Wormlike Micelles. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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Bhat B, Pahari S, Liu S, Lin YT, Kwon J, Akbulut M. Nanostructural and Rheological Transitions of pH-Responsive Supramolecular Systems Involving a Zwitterionic Amphiphile and a Triamine. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Pahari S, Liu S, Lee CH, Akbulut M, Kwon JSI. SAXS-guided unbiased coarse-grained Monte Carlo simulation for identification of self-assembly nanostructures and dimensions. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:5282-5292. [PMID: 35789362 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00601d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that solvated amphiphiles can form nanostructured self-assemblies called dynamic binary complexes (DBCs) in the presence of ions. Since the nanostructures of DBCs are directly related to their viscoelastic properties, it is important to understand how the nanostructures change under different solution conditions. However, it is challenging to obtain a three-dimensional molecular description of these nanostructures by utilizing conventional experimental characterization techniques or thermodynamic models. To this end, we combined the structural data from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments and thermodynamic knowledge from coarse-grained Monte Carlo (CGMC) simulations to identify the detailed three-dimensional nanostructure of DBCs. Specifically, unbiased CGMC simulations are performed with SAXS-guided initial conditions, which aids us to sample accurate nanostructures in a computationally efficient fashion. As a result, an elliptical bilayer nanostructure is obtained as the most probable nanostructure of DBCs whose dimensions are validated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Then, utilizing the obtained molecular model of DBCs, we could also explain the pH tunability of the system. Overall, our results from SAXS-guided unbiased CGMC simulations highlight that using potential energy combined with SAXS data, we can distinguish otherwise degenerate nanostructures resulting from the inherent ambiguity of SAXS patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silabrata Pahari
- Texas A&M University, Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M Energy Institute, 1617 Research Pkwy, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shuhao Liu
- Texas A&M University, Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Chi Ho Lee
- Texas A&M University, Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M Energy Institute, 1617 Research Pkwy, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mustafa Akbulut
- Texas A&M University, Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M Energy Institute, 1617 Research Pkwy, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Texas A&M University, Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M Energy Institute, 1617 Research Pkwy, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Gómez I, Calvo F, Gómez JM, Ricardez-Sandoval L, Alvarez O. A multiscale approach for the integrated design of emulsified cosmetic products. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bhat B, Liu S, Lin YT, Sentmanat ML, Kwon J, Akbulut M. Supramolecular dynamic binary complexes with pH and salt-responsive properties for use in unconventional reservoirs. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260786. [PMID: 34855902 PMCID: PMC8638876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing of unconventional reservoirs has seen a boom in the last century, as a means to fulfill the growing energy demand in the world. The fracturing fluid used in the process plays a substantial role in determining the results. Hence, several research and development efforts have been geared towards developing more sustainable, efficient, and improved fracturing fluids. Herein, we present a dynamic binary complex (DBC) solution, with potential to be useful in the hydraulic fracturing domain. It has a supramolecular structure formed by the self-assembly of low molecular weight viscosifiers (LMWVs) oleic acid and diethylenetriamine into an elongated entangled network under alkaline conditions. With less than 2 wt% constituents dispersed in aqueous solution, a viscous gel that exhibits high viscosities even under shear was formed. Key features include responsiveness to pH and salinity, and a zero-shear viscosity that could be tuned by a factor of ~280 by changing the pH. Furthermore, its viscous properties were more pronounced in the presence of salt. Sand settling tests revealed its potential to hold up sand particles for extended periods of time. In conclusion, this DBC solution system has potential to be utilized as a smart salt-responsive, pH-switchable hydraulic fracturing fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargavi Bhat
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shuhao Liu
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Martin L. Sentmanat
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joseph Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mustafa Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
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Pahari S, Moon J, Akbulut M, Hwang S, Kwon JSI. Estimation of Microstructural Properties of Wormlike Micelles Via a Multi-Scale Multi-Recommendation Batch Bayesian Optimization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silabrata Pahari
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, 1617 Research Parkway, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jiyoung Moon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, 1617 Research Parkway, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Digital Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Mustafa Akbulut
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, 1617 Research Parkway, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Sungwon Hwang
- Education and Research Center for Smart Energy and Materials, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Smart Digital Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph Sang-Il Kwon
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, 1617 Research Parkway, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Model predictive control for wormlike micelles (WLMs): Application to a system of CTAB and NaCl. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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