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Grover K, Koblova A, Pezacki AT, Chang CJ, New EJ. Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5846-5929. [PMID: 38657175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Although transition metals constitute less than 0.1% of the total mass within a human body, they have a substantial impact on fundamental biological processes across all kingdoms of life. Indeed, these nutrients play crucial roles in the physiological functions of enzymes, with the redox properties of many of these metals being essential to their activity. At the same time, imbalances in transition metal pools can be detrimental to health. Modern analytical techniques are helping to illuminate the workings of metal homeostasis at a molecular and atomic level, their spatial localization in real time, and the implications of metal dysregulation in disease pathogenesis. Fluorescence microscopy has proven to be one of the most promising non-invasive methods for studying metal pools in biological samples. The accuracy and sensitivity of bioimaging experiments are predominantly determined by the fluorescent metal-responsive sensor, highlighting the importance of rational probe design for such measurements. This review covers activity- and binding-based fluorescent metal sensors that have been applied to cellular studies. We focus on the essential redox-active metals: iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, chromium, and nickel. We aim to encourage further targeted efforts in developing innovative approaches to understanding the biological chemistry of redox-active metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karandeep Grover
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Alla Koblova
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Aidan T Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Liu S, Li J, Hou T, Shen X. The study of a novel high selectivity pyrenyl-based fluorescence probe with aggregation-induced emission characteristics for Fe 3+ detection designed by a structure modulation strategy. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:5081-5090. [PMID: 36459146 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01780f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed the feat of fluorescent probes for Fe3+ detection, where eliminating the interference by other metal ions plays a pivotal role in its detection by probes in complex environments. Herein, by taking advantage of the substituent effects, the electron-withdrawing group (EWG) -CF3 and electron-donating group (EDG) -CH3 were introduced to 2-(1-pyrenyl)pyridine (pypyr) to prepare two turn-off fluorescence probes, 5-trifluoromethyl-2-(1-pyrenyl)pyridine (pypyr-CF3) and 5-methyl-2-(1-pyrenyl)pyridine (pypyr-CH3). Intriguingly, both probes displayed novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics in MeCN/H2O mixtures and the size and morphology of the aggregated particles were studied via DLS and TEM. By the modulation strategy, pypyr-CF3 can detect Fe3+ in the presence of 29 different metal ions without interference. Comparatively, pypyr-CH3 experienced serious interference from other metal ions such as Hg2+ and Zr4+. Besides, pypyr-CF3 not only demonstrated a higher photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 65.25% and wider pH adaptability but is also capable of Fe3+ detection over a wide pH range of 2-11 with a short response time (5 seconds). A plausible quenching mechanism based on the inner filter effect has also been demonstrated. More importantly, the versatile applications of pypyr-CF3, such as the quantitative analysis of Fe3+ in actual water samples, anti-forgery ink, fingerprint identification, etc., further corroborate its superb capabilities. This study aims to lend concrete support to the design and selectivity modulation of probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China.
- Zhangjiagang Institute of Nanjing Tech University, Suzhou 215600, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Tianjiao Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China.
| | - Xuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China.
- Zhangjiagang Institute of Nanjing Tech University, Suzhou 215600, P. R. China
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Enbanathan S, Iyer SK. A novel phenanthridine and terpyridine based D-π-A fluorescent probe for the ratiometric detection of Cd 2+ in environmental water samples and living cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114272. [PMID: 36356527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A "turn-on" Donor-π-Acceptor (D-π-A) containing phenanthridine-functionalized extended π-conjugate terpyridine, 5-(4'-([2,2':6',2''-terpyridin]-4'-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]4-yl)7,8,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo [a, i] phenanthridine (TBTP) was synthesised. It shows strong selectivity for the detection of toxic Cd2+ without interference from other metal ions. In the presence of Cd2+, the absorption of the TBTP changes dramatically along with the fluorescent emission with the large Stokes shift of 6300 cm-1. When the compound TBTP is exposed to UV light, its colour changes from blue to orange over the addition of Cd2+. Adding other transition metal ions has no effect. This is based on the mechanism of intramolecular charge transfer. The detection limit for Cd2+ was found to be around 1.181 × 10-8 M. An investigation of the sensing mechanism includes job plot, NMR titration, DFT calculation, and HRMS analyses. Excitingly, the recognition of Cd2+ in CH3CN: H2O (8:2, v/v) medium is quantitative without interference from Zn2+, which is a common interferent for Cd2+. Furthermore, the probe was used for detecting Cd2+ in real water samples and cell imaging in living cells was also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Enbanathan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632 014, India
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4
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Man LL, Dou L, Li WD, La YT, Dong WK. A dual-signal half-salamo-based sensing platform for simultaneous colorimetric and fluoremetric detection of Fe3+ and reversible recognition of OH− ions. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Jothi D, Kulathu Iyer S. Recognition of Hg2+ ion in an organic semi-aqueous medium by a new napthalimide based fluorescent probe and its bioimaging applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Zhang S, Wang Y, Xu H. A new naphthalimide-picolinohydrazide derived fluorescent "turn-on" probe for hypersensitive detection of Al 3+ ions and applications of real water analysis and bio-imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 275:121193. [PMID: 35364410 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-selective chemosensors for trace Al3+ detection in the ecosystem is crucially importance due to its detrimental effects. In this work, a simple Schiff-base fluorescent probe NPP derived from naphthalimide and picolinohydrazide was rationally designed and prepared for efficient detection of Al3+. NPP exhibited prominent sensing behaviors toward Al3+ with low detection limit (LOD) (39 nM), rapid response time (1 min), strong binding affinity (4.02 × 104), good anti-interference characteristics and visual detection. Binding ratio of NPP-Al3+ complex was determined to be 1:1 by Job's plot analysis. In addition, the chelation mechanism of NPP with Al3+ ions was proposed and substantiated by the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), IR spectrum and 1H NMR titration experiments. Furthermore, this "signal-on" probe NPP was efficiently utilized as a promising indicator for Al3+ detection in environmental and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanzhu Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China.
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Highly selective and sensitive fluorometric probe for Cd2+ ions based on 4-(quinolin-2-ylmethylene)aminoanisole Schiff base. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Sawminathan S, Munusamy S, Manickam S, KulathuIyer S. A simple quinazolinone-isophorone based colorimetric chemosensor for the reversible detection of copper (II) and its application in real samples. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Jothi D, Iyer SK. A highly sensitive naphthalimide based fluorescent “turn-on” sensor for H2S and its bio-imaging applications. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Jain N, Kaur N. A comprehensive compendium of literature of 1,8-Naphthalimide based chemosensors from 2017 to 2021. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu M, Yu X, Zhong K, Chen X, Feng L, Yao S. Dye‐encapsulated nanocage‐based metal‐organic frameworks as luminescent dual‐emitting sensors for selective detection of inorganic ions. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Xin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Kaixuan Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Lijuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
| | - Shuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China
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Sharma H, Kakkar R, Bishnoi S, Daisy Milton M. Synthesis of acceptor-donor-acceptor based phenothiazine-5-oxide aldehydes displaying large Stokes shift- “on-off-on” acidofluorochromic switch and molecular logic gate operation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Alhawsah B, Yan B, Aydin Z, Niu X, Guo M. Highly Selective Fluorescent Probe With an Ideal pH Profile for the Rapid and Unambiguous Determination of Subcellular Labile Iron (III) Pools in Human Cells. ANAL LETT 2022; 55:1954-1970. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2039932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Alhawsah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and UMass Cranberry Health Research Center, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and UMass Cranberry Health Research Center, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - Ziya Aydin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and UMass Cranberry Health Research Center, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Xiangyu Niu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and UMass Cranberry Health Research Center, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - Maolin Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and UMass Cranberry Health Research Center, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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Li X, Qin W. A novel dual-capability naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe for Fe 3+ ion detection and lysosomal tracking in living cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:24252-24259. [PMID: 36128528 PMCID: PMC9413951 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03688f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We design and synthesize a novel 1,8-naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe MNP that features the dual capabilities of tracking lysosomes in living HeLa cells and sensitively detecting Fe3+ ions in aqueous solution. The MNP is obtained by modifying the morpholine group with a lysosomal targeting function and the piperazine group with an Fe3+ ion recognition function on the 1,8-naphthalimide matrix. In the presence of Fe3+ ions, the MNP acts as a recognition ligand to coordinate with the central Fe3+ ion, and the protonated [MNPH]+ is eventually generated, in which significant fluorescence enhancements are observed due to the intramolecular photo-induced electron transfer (PET) process being blocked. The limit of detection of Fe3+ ions is as low as 65.2 nM. A cell imaging experiment shows that the MNP has low cytotoxicity and excellent lysosomal targeting ability. Therefore, the MNP offers a promising tool for lysosomal tracking and relevant life process research. A newly prepared 1,8-naphthalimide-based fluorescent probe, MNP, allows the detection of Fe3+ ions in aqueous medium and lysosomal tracking in living cells. MNP was used in situ for the imaging of lysosomes in HeLa cells, a new strategy for lysosome-related medical diagnosis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Li
- Test and Analysis Center, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, 110168, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Wenwu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
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Jothi D, Munusamy S, Manoj kumar S, Enbanathan S, Kulathu Iyer S. A benzothiazole-based new fluorogenic chemosensor for the detection of CN − and its real-time application in environmental water samples and living cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8570-8577. [PMID: 35424806 PMCID: PMC8984840 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08846g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the cyanide ion is used in a wide range of industries and is harmful to both human health and the environment, a number of research efforts are dedicated to creating fluorescence sensors for the detection of cyanide (CN−). Herein, for the fluorescence detection of CN−, a new highly selective and sensitive sensor 2-(3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxybenzylidene)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione (BID) was created by conjugating a benzothiazole moiety with 1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione. The donor and acceptor components of this hybrid receptor were covalently connected through a double bond. The nucleophilic addition of a cyanide anion to the BID inhibits the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) transition, resulting in spectral and colour alterations in the receptor. When the solvent polarity was increased from n-hexane to methanol, this molecule exhibited a bathochromic shift in the emission wavelength (610 to 632 nm), suggesting the presence of a solvatochromic action. The sensor BID has shown strong specificity towards CN− by interrupting its internal charge transfer (ICT), resulting in a significant change in the UV-vis spectrum and a notable blue shift in the fluorescence emission spectrum. The cyanide anion (CN−) is responsible for the optical alterations observed by BID, as opposed to the other anions examined. The detection limit was 5.97 nM, significantly less than the WHO's permitted amount of CN− in drinking water. The experimental findings indicate that BID's fluorescence response to CN− is pH insensitive throughout a wide pH range of 6.0 to 12.0. The interaction mechanism between the BID and CN− ions has been studied by HRMS, 1H-NMR titration experiments, FT-IR, and DFT, which confirmed the nucleophilic addition of CN− on vinylidene and subsequent disturbance of ICT. Additionally, we demonstrated the real-time detection application of CN− in environmental water samples and live-cell imaging. Since the cyanide ion is used in a wide range of industries and is harmful to both human health and the environment, a number of research efforts are dedicated to creating fluorescence sensors for the detection of cyanide (CN−).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanapal Jothi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, India
| | - Sathishkumar Munusamy
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Selin Manoj kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, India
| | - Saravanan Enbanathan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632014, India
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Enbanathan S, Manickam S, Munusamy S, Jothi D, Manoj Kumar S, Kulathu Iyer S. A phenanthridine-based probe for selective detection of hypochlorite ions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06023f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel oxime-based fluorescent chemosensor (E)-2-(4′-(7,8,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,i]phenanthridin-5-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethen-1-ol (PBO) has been developed for the fluorimetric detection of hypochlorite ion (OCl−).
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Enbanathan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences and Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, India
| | - Saravanakumar Manickam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences and Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, India
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai-602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathishkumar Munusamy
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Dhanapal Jothi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences and Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, India
| | - Selin Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences and Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore-632 014, India
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