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Zhang Z, Shang G, Lu Z, Hu J, Liu H, Lu T, Lu X. Daucosterol regulates JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway to promote megakaryocyte differentiation. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 107:102858. [PMID: 38796983 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2024.102858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease caused by the loss of immune tolerance to platelet autoantigens, resulting in reduced platelet production and increased platelet destruction. Impaired megakaryocyte differentiation and maturation is a key factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of ITP. Sarcandra glabra, a plant of the Chloranthaceae family, is commonly used in clinical practice to treat ITP, and daucosterol (Dau) is one of its active ingredients. However, whether Dau can treat ITP and the key mechanism of its effect are still unclear. In this study, we found that Dau could effectively promote the differentiation and maturation of megakaryocytes and the formation of polyploidy in the megakaryocyte differentiation disorder model constructed by co-culturing Dami and HS-5 cells. In vivo experiments showed that Dau could not only increase the number of polyploidized megakaryocytes in the ITP rat model, but also promote the recovery of platelet count. In addition, through network pharmacology analysis, we speculated that the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway might be involved in the process of Dau promoting megakaryocyte differentiation. Western blot results showed that Dau inhibited the expression of P-JAK2 and P-STAT3. In summary, these results provide a basis for further studying the pharmacological mechanism of Dau in treating ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiology and Pathogenesis in Jiangxi Province, Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Guangbin Shang
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiology and Pathogenesis in Jiangxi Province, Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiology and Pathogenesis in Jiangxi Province, Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiology and Pathogenesis in Jiangxi Province, Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiology and Pathogenesis in Jiangxi Province, Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ting Lu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiology and Pathogenesis in Jiangxi Province, Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xiaonan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Etiology and Pathogenesis in Jiangxi Province, Center for Differentiation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Theory, School of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Nguyen VT, Thi Tran PT. Characterization of microencapsulated powders rich in saponins from cocoa pod husk ( Theobroma cacao L.) and medicinal plant an xoa ( Helicteres hirsuta Lour.). Heliyon 2024; 10:e32703. [PMID: 38912482 PMCID: PMC11193021 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cocoa pod husk (CPH) is a major residue of cocoa processing industry, while medicinal plant H. hirsuta is used for treatment of malaria and diabetes mellitus in folk medicine. This study aimed to produce microencapsulated powders from saponin-enriched CPH and H. hirsuta extracts and assess their physicochemical, phytochemical, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibition properties. The findings show that the microencapsulated powders were achieved diserable physicochemical properties (moisture of 3.22-4.76 %, water activity of 0.43-0.46, water solubility index of 74.18-88.77 %, particle size of 254.2-719.7 nm, and zeta potential from -6.97 to -15.1 mV). The phytochemical content of microencapsulated CPH powders gained at high levels (total saponin content of 151.87-193.46 mg EE/g DS, total flavonoid content of 33.80-46.05 mg CE/g DS), total alkaloid content of 15.20-24.23 mg AA/g DS, and total phenolic content of 5.41-6.49 mg GAE/g DS). The antioxidant potential of microencapsulated CPH powders using ARSC and FRAP assays was 15.51-18.20 and 9.61-11.89 mg TE/g DS, respectively, while their α-glucosidase inhibition capacity at 100 μg/mL was found at 51.74-52.16 %. The phytochemical content (except total alkaloid content), antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of microencapsulated CPH powders were smaller than those of microencapsulated H. hirsuta and combined powders. This study reveals that the microencapsulated CPH and H. hirsuta powders were prospective in reducing hyperglycemia activity. Therefore, this study provided an evidence for further application of CPH and H. hirsuta plant for functional food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Tang Nguyen
- Group of Research, Development and Teaching on Functional Foods, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Viet Nam
- Food Technology Faculty, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Viet Nam
| | - Phuong Trang Thi Tran
- Group of Research, Development and Teaching on Functional Foods, Nha Trang University, 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Viet Nam
- Life Science Department, University of Science and Technology of Ha Noi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
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Ismail S, Chandel TI, Ramakrishnan J, Khan RH, Poomani K, Devarajan N. Phytochemical profiling, human insulin stability and alpha glucosidase inhibition of Gymnema latifolium leaves aqueous extract: Exploring through experimental and in silico approach. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 107:107964. [PMID: 37820470 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus Type 2 (DM2T) is a rapidly expanding metabolic endocrine disorder worldwide. It is caused due to inadequate insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells as well as development of insulin resistance. This study aimed to investigate the anti-α-glucosidase, insulin stabilization effect, and non-cytotoxic nature of Gymnema latifolium leaf aqueous extract (GLAE). FTIR analysis revealed the functional groups of compounds present in GLAE. Through LC/ESI-MS/MS analysis, about 12 compounds which belongs to different classes, triterpene glycosides, flavonoids, phenolics, stilbene glycosides and chlorophenolic glycosides were identified. GLAE showed in vitro antioxidant activity. GLAE stabilized insulin by increasing its α-helical content. GLAE inhibited the mammalian α-glucosidase (IC50 = 144 μg/mL) activity through competitive mode (Ki = 61.30 µg/mL). GLAE did not affect the viability of normal cell line (Vero cell line) which shows its non-toxic nature. Molecular docking of phytocompounds identified in GLAE was done with human α-glucosidase and insulin. The top 2 compounds [Gymnema saponin V (GSV) and quercetin 3-(2-galloylglucoside) (QGG) with α-glucosidase; GSV and Z)-resveratrol 3,4'-diglucoside (RDG) with human insulin] with low binding free energy were subjected to 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation to ascertain the stable binding of ligand with protein. The MM/GBSA analysis revealed binding free energy of GSV/α-glucosidase and QGG /α-glucosidase to be - 20.9935 and, - 30.9461 kcal/mol, respectively. Altogether GLAE is valuable source of anti-α-glucosidase inhibitors and insulin stabilizing compounds, suggesting potential lead for further exploration as complementary medicine against DM2T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahanaj Ismail
- Natural Drug Research laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - Tajalli Ilm Chandel
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pardesh, India
| | - Jaganathan Ramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pardesh, India
| | - Kumaradhas Poomani
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - Natarajan Devarajan
- Natural Drug Research laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India.
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Duong TH, Vu YT, Long NP, Phan NHN, Pham NKT, Sichaem J, Kieu NKD, Duong CB, Nguyen TT, Dang VS, Nguyen HT. Bioactive-Guided Phytochemical Investigations, In Vitro and In Silico Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibition of Two Vietnamese Medicinal Plants Dicranopteris linearis and Psychotria adenophylla. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1253. [PMID: 37765061 PMCID: PMC10538207 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the chemical and biological profiles of Dicranopteris linearis and Psychotria adenophylla. No previous studies have investigated alpha-glucosidase inhibition using extracts from D. linearis and P. adenophylla. In this paper, bioactive-guided isolation procedures were applied to the plants D. linearis and P. adenophylla based on alpha-glucosidase inhibition. From the most active fractions, 20 compounds (DL1-DL13 and PA1-PA7) were isolated. The chemical structures were elucidated using spectroscopic data and compared with those available in the literature. These compounds were evaluated for alpha-glucosidase inhibition, while a molecular docking study was performed to elucidate the mechanisms involved. Consequently, D. linearis and P. adenophylla might serve as a good potential for developing new antidiabetic preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuc-Huy Duong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, 280 An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.-H.D.); (N.-H.-N.P.); (N.-K.-D.K.); (C.-B.D.)
| | - Y Thien Vu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen Phuoc Long
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea;
| | - Nguyen-Hong-Nhi Phan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, 280 An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.-H.D.); (N.-H.-N.P.); (N.-K.-D.K.); (C.-B.D.)
- Faculty of Environment, Sai Gon University, 273 An Duong Vuong, Ward 3, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Nguyen-Kim-Tuyen Pham
- Faculty of Environment, Sai Gon University, 273 An Duong Vuong, Ward 3, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Jirapast Sichaem
- Research Unit in Natural Products Chemistry and Bioactivities, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University Lampang Campus, Lampang 52190, Thailand;
| | - Nguyen-Khanh-Duy Kieu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, 280 An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.-H.D.); (N.-H.-N.P.); (N.-K.-D.K.); (C.-B.D.)
| | - Chi-Bao Duong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, 280 An Duong Vuong Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam; (T.-H.D.); (N.-H.-N.P.); (N.-K.-D.K.); (C.-B.D.)
- Faculty of Environment, Sai Gon University, 273 An Duong Vuong, Ward 3, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Thanh-Trung Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Van-Son Dang
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Graduate University of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 85 Tran Quoc Toan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Huy Truong Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
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Revathi G, Elavarasi S, Saravanan K, Ashokkumar M, Egbuna C. Greater efficiency of polyherbal drug encapsulated biosynthesized chitosan nano-biopolymer on diabetes and its complications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124445. [PMID: 37060982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a highly complex disease that has an adverse impact on the lives of individuals, and the current medicines used to manage diabetes have obvious side effects. Medicinal plants, on the other hand, may serve as an alternate source of anti-diabetic drugs. A polyherbal combination has a higher and more extensive therapeutic potential than a single herb. Yet, due to deterioration during the absorption process, the usage of this drug still yields inadequate results. Encapsulation of polyherbal drug with chitosan nanoparticles is one of the key ways to solve this problem due to its biocombatibilty, slow and targeted drug delivery characteristics. In the present study, the chitosan was derived from prawn shell and the chitosan nanoparticles had been prepared by ionic-gelation method. The anti-diabetic polyherbal drug (Andrographis paniculata, Andrographis alata, Adhatoda zeylanica, Gymnema sylvestre, Syzygium cumini, and Justicia glabra) was encapsulated with a bio-derived chitosan biopolymer. The drug loading efficiency was about 85 %. The chemical and physical properties of the chitosan and drug-loaded chitosan nanoparticles had been analyzed by FT-IR absorption, XRD, SEM, TEM and EDAX analysis. The antidiabetic efficiency, hepatoprotective activity and antihyperlipedimic activity of the chitosan nanoparticles, polyherbal drug and polyherbal drug encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles were assessed in a group of rats. The polyherbal drug reduced the serum glucose level from 306.4 mg/dL to 134.47 mg/dL, while the polyherbal drug encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles reduced to 127.017 mg/dL. This was very close to the serum glucose level of non-diabetic rat (124.65 mg/dL). Further, it considerably increased the insulin level close to that of non-diabetic rat. Thus, the polyherbal drug encapsulated with chitosan nanoparticles showed superior efficiency in antidiabetic and also diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Revathi
- PG and Research Dept. of Zoology, Nehru Memorial College (Autonomous), Puthanampatti, Thiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Elavarasi
- PG and Research Dept. of Zoology, Holy Cross College (Autonomous), Thiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Saravanan
- PG and Research Dept. of Zoology, Nehru Memorial College (Autonomous), Puthanampatti, Thiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Ashokkumar
- Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Thandalam, Chennai 602 105, India.
| | - Chukwaebuka Egbuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Nigeria
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Shahanaj I, Ramakrishnan J, Poomani K, Devarajan N. Lawsonia inermis flower aqueous extract expressed better anti-alpha-glucosidase and anti-acetylcholinesterase activity and their molecular dynamics. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13752-13765. [PMID: 36905654 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2179546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Lawsonia inermis (henna) has been used in traditional medicine throughout the world and biological property of its flower has been least explored. In the present study, the phytochemical characterization and biological activity (in vitro radical scavenging activity, anti-alpha glucosidase and anti-acetylcholinesterase) of aqueous extract prepared from henna flower (HFAE) was carried out by both Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the functional group of the phytoconstituents such as phenolics, flavonoids, saponin, tannins and glycosides. The phytochemicals present in HFAE was preliminary identified by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The HFAE showed potent in vitro antioxidant activity and the HFAE inhibited mammalian α-glucosidase (IC50 = 129.1 ± 5.3 µg/ml; Ki = 38.92 µg/ml) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC50 = 137.77 ± 3.5 µg/ml; Ki = 35.71 µg/ml) activity by competitive manner. In silico molecular docking analysis revealed the interaction of active constituents identified in HFAE with human α-glucosidase and AChE. Molecular dynamics simulation for 100 ns showed the stable binding of top two ligand/enzyme complexes with lowest binding energy such as 1,2,3,6-Tetrakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (TGBG)/human α-glucosidase, Kaempferol 3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside (KGR)/α-glucosidase, agrimonolide 6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (AMLG)/human AChE and KGR/AChE. Through MM/GBSA analysis, the binding energy for TGBG/human α-glucosidase, KGR/α-glucosidase, AMLG/human AChE and KGR/AChE was found to be -46.3216, -28.5772, -45.0077 and -47.0956 kcal/mol, respectively. Altogether, HFAE showed an excellent antioxidant, anti-alpha glucosidase and anti-AChE activity under in vitro. This study suggest HFAE with remarkable biological activities could be further explored for therapeutics against type 2 diabetes and diabetes-associated cognitive decline.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Shahanaj
- Natural Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaganathan Ramakrishnan
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumaradhas Poomani
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Devarajan
- Natural Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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Natural Sources, Pharmacological Properties, and Health Benefits of Daucosterol: Versatility of Actions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12125779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Daucosterol is a saponin present in various natural sources, including medicinal plant families. This secondary metabolite is produced at different contents depending on species, extraction techniques, and plant parts used. Currently, daucosterol has been tested and explored for its various biological activities. The results reveal potential pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer. Indeed, daucosterol possesses important anticancer effects in many signaling pathways, such as an increase in pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl2, a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, upregulation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway, and distortion of cell-cycle progression and tumor cell evolution. Its neuroprotective effect is via decreased caspase-3 activation in neurons and during simulated reperfusion (OGD/R), increased IGF1 protein expression (decreasing the downregulation of p-AKT3 and p-GSK-3b4), and activation of the AKT5 signaling pathway. At the same time, daucosterol inhibits key glucose metabolism enzymes to keep blood sugar levels within normal ranges. Therefore, this review describes the principal research on the pharmacological activities of daucosterol and the mechanisms of action underlying some of these effects. Moreover, further investigation of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology are suggested.
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