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Aminfar P, Yousefalizadeh G, Steele E, Chen J, Zheng G, Stamplecoskie KG. Photochemical synthesis of fluorescent Au 16(RGDC) 14 and excited state reactivity with molecular oxygen. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13561-13566. [PMID: 37551778 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02258g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous metal nanoclusters have emerged as effective materials for biomedical imaging and therapy. Among them, gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have been widely studied due to their unique electronic structures. These nanoclusters are often optically impure, comprising a mixture of fluorescent clusters with different metal/ligand compositions. The polydispersity of nanoclusters makes it challenging to isolate the most stable structure, and poses further risks for eventual clinical applications. Herein, Au16L14 clusters are reported which are optically pure as assessed by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy and parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis. The reactivity of their excited state with molecular oxygen was also probed, demonstrating that the Au16L14 clusters generate type I reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can make them effective sensitizers for photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parimah Aminfar
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | | | - Emily Steele
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Juan Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G9, Canada
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Ganji C, Muppala V, Khan M, Purnachandra Nagaraju G, Farran B. Mitochondrial-targeted nanoparticles: Delivery and therapeutic agents in cancer. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103469. [PMID: 36529353 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of cells and modulate the essential metabolic functions required for cellular survival. Various mitochondrial pathways, such as oxidative phosphorylation or production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are dysregulated during cancer growth and development, rendering them attractive targets against cancer. Thus, the delivery of antitumor agents to mitochondria has emerged as a potential approach for treating cancer. Recent advances in nanotechnology have provided innovative solutions for overcoming the physical barriers posed by the structure of mitochondrial organelles, and have enabled the development of efficient mitochondrial nanoplatforms. In this review, we examine the importance of mitochondria during neoplastic development, explore the most recent smart designs of nano-based systems aimed at targeting mitochondria, and highlight key mitochondrial pathways in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaithanya Ganji
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35201, USA
| | - Veda Muppala
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35201, USA
| | - Musaab Khan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35201, USA
| | - Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35201, USA.
| | - Batoul Farran
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Engineering Gold Nanostructures for Cancer Treatment: Spherical Nanoparticles, Nanorods, and Atomically Precise Nanoclusters. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101738. [PMID: 35630959 PMCID: PMC9146553 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major global health issue and is a leading cause of mortality. It has been documented that various conventional treatments can be enhanced by incorporation with nanomaterials. Thanks to their rich optical properties, excellent biocompatibility, and tunable chemical reactivities, gold nanostructures have been gaining more and more research attention for cancer treatment in recent decades. In this review, we first summarize the recent progress in employing three typical gold nanostructures, namely spherical Au nanoparticles, Au nanorods, and atomically precise Au nanoclusters, for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Following that, the challenges and the future perspectives of this field are discussed. Finally, a brief conclusion is summarized at the end.
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Tavakkoli Yaraki M, Liu B, Tan YN. Emerging Strategies in Enhancing Singlet Oxygen Generation of Nano-Photosensitizers Toward Advanced Phototherapy. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:123. [PMID: 35513555 PMCID: PMC9072609 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The great promise of photodynamic therapy (PDT) has thrusted the rapid progress of developing highly effective photosensitizers (PS) in killing cancerous cells and bacteria. To mitigate the intrinsic limitations of the classical molecular photosensitizers, researchers have been looking into designing new generation of nanomaterial-based photosensitizers (nano-photosensitizers) with better photostability and higher singlet oxygen generation (SOG) efficiency, and ways of enhancing the performance of existing photosensitizers. In this paper, we review the recent development of nano-photosensitizers and nanoplasmonic strategies to enhance the SOG efficiency for better PDT performance. Firstly, we explain the mechanism of reactive oxygen species generation by classical photosensitizers, followed by a brief discussion on the commercially available photosensitizers and their limitations in PDT. We then introduce three types of new generation nano-photosensitizers that can effectively produce singlet oxygen molecules under visible light illumination, i.e., aggregation-induced emission nanodots, metal nanoclusters (< 2 nm), and carbon dots. Different design approaches to synthesize these nano-photosensitizers were also discussed. To further enhance the SOG rate of nano-photosensitizers, plasmonic strategies on using different types of metal nanoparticles in both colloidal and planar metal-PS systems are reviewed. The key parameters that determine the metal-enhanced SOG (ME-SOG) efficiency and their underlined enhancement mechanism are discussed. Lastly, we highlight the future prospects of these nanoengineering strategies, and discuss how the future development in nanobiotechnology and theoretical simulation could accelerate the design of new photosensitizers and ME-SOG systems for highly effective image-guided photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, The Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, 138634, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Yen Nee Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, The Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, 138634, Singapore.
- Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
- Newcastle Research and Innovation Institute, Newcastle University in Singapore, 80 Jurong East Street 21, #05-04, Singapore, 609607, Singapore.
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Jiang Y, Zhao W, Zhou H, Zhang Q, Zhang S. ATP-Triggered Intracellular In Situ Aggregation of a Gold-Nanoparticle-Equipped Triple-Helix Molecular Switch for Fluorescence Imaging and Photothermal Tumor Therapy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:3755-3764. [PMID: 35291761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Isotropic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can generate a plasma-plasma interaction when aggregating and can also produce ideal photothermal effects. Some studies have designed ATP-responsive nanodrug delivery systems by taking advantage of the differences between internal and external ATP in tumor cells, but few studies have focused on the photothermal effects of ATP-induced AuNP aggregation in tumors. Here, a triple-helix probe (THP) molecular switch and MUC1 aptamer-functionalized AuNPs were constructed for fluorescence imaging analysis and photothermal therapy (PTT). The MUC1 aptamer guides THP-AuNP targeting in tumor cells, followed by the high concentration of ATP inducing structural changes in triple-helix probes and causing the intracellular aggregation of AuNPs, which cannot escape from the tumor site, enabling tumor imaging while performing PTT. Therefore, the designed THP-AuNPs have promising applications in fluorescence imaging and PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
| | - Qiuqi Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276005, P. R. China
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Wang L, Zhang M, Gao X, Li J, Wu M, Zhang X, Ye Z. Multifunctional nanoprobes combined with radiotherapy and hypoxia-activated therapy synergistically improve antitumor efficacy. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32297-32306. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04690c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The developed nanoprobes show a high level of biocompatibility, efficient radiosensitisation and anti-tumour efficacy at the cellular and tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Wang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Mengyang Zhang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xujie Gao
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Menglin Wu
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xuening Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zhaoxiang Ye
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, PR China
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Zhao X, Peng M, Wang J, Chen S, Lin Y. Au nanoflower film-based stretchable biosensors for in situ monitoring of superoxide anion release in cell mechanotransduction. Analyst 2022; 147:4055-4062. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01095j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell mechanotransduction plays an important role in vascular regulation and disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Meihong Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jialu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shutong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
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