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Zhuang W, Xiao F, Chen Y, Zhang X, Huang Q. Cascade Electrochemical Aerobic Oxygenation of 2-Substituted Indoles and Electrochemical [5 + 3] Annulation with Amidines: Access to Eight-Membered Benzo[1,3,5]triazocin-6(5 H)-ones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4673-4683. [PMID: 38478890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The cascade electrochemical C3-selective aerobic oxygenation of 2-substituted indoles and electrochemical [5 + 3] annulation with amidines through an undivided cell galvanostatic method employing molecular oxygen and "electricity" as green oxidants was developed. This protocol provides an efficient and direct approach to eight-membered benzo[1,3,5]triazocin-6(5H)-ones. Mechanistic studies suggested that two subsequent electrochemical processes both proceeded through radical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihui Zhuang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Fengyi Xiao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Yumei Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, PR China
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Klaßmüller T, Tringali C, Bracher F. A novel approach to 2-arylmethyl-2,3-dihydro-4(1 H)-quinazolinones. Total synthesis of the alkaloids glycozolone-A and glycozolone-B. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:119-127. [PMID: 35942894 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2110095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
2-Arylmethyl-2,3-dihydro-4(1H)-quinazolinones are a small subgroup of the class of quinazolin-4-one alkaloids, and most published total syntheses require the use of unstable and poorly accessible arylacetaldehydes. Here we show that easily available, stable ω-methoxystyrenes are versatile substitutes for arylacetaldehydes. This new methodology was applied to the total synthesis of the alkaloids glycozolone-A and glycozolone-B. The limitations of this new approach were analyzed as well. In this course, new total syntheses of two 2-arylmethyl-4(1H)-quinazolinone alkaloids (glycosminine, 2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4(1H)-quinazolinone) were developed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Klaßmüller
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Tringali
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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Cai CY, Teng QX, Murakami M, Ambudkar SV, Chen ZS, Korlipara VL. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Quinazolinamine Derivatives as Breast Cancer Resistance Protein and P-Glycoprotein Inhibitors with Improved Metabolic Stability. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020253. [PMID: 36830622 PMCID: PMC9953095 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of twenty-two quinazolinamine derivatives showing potent inhibitory activities on breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) and p-glycoprotein (P-gp) were synthesized. A cyclopropyl-containing quinazolinamine 22 was identified as a dual BCRP and P-gp inhibitor, while azide-containing quinazolinamine 33 showed BCRP inhibitory activity. These lead compounds were further investigated in a battery of mechanistic experiments. Compound 22 changed the localization of BCRP and P-gp in cells, thus inhibiting the efflux of anticancer drugs by the two ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. In addition, both 22 and 33 significantly stimulated the ATP hydrolysis of the BCRP transporter, indicating that they can be competitive substrates of the BCRP transporter, and thereby increase the accumulation of mitoxantrone in BCRP-overexpressing H460/MX20 cells. Azide derivative 33, exhibited a greater inhibitory effect on BCRP after UV activation and can serve as a valuable probe for investigating the interactions of quinazolinamine derivatives with BCRP. Notably, the dual BCRP and P-gp inhibitors 4-5, 22-24, 27, and BCRP inhibitor 33 showed improved metabolic stability compared to Ko143.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yun Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, NY 11439, USA
| | - Megumi Murakami
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Suresh V. Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, NY 11439, USA
- Correspondence: (Z.-S.C.); (V.L.K.)
| | - Vijaya L. Korlipara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York, NY 11439, USA
- Correspondence: (Z.-S.C.); (V.L.K.)
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Hou H, Ma X, Ye Y, Wu M, Shi S, Zheng W, Lin M, Sun W, Ke F. Non-metal-mediated N-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-induced acceptorless dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles via electrocatalysis. RSC Adv 2022; 12:5483-5488. [PMID: 35425580 PMCID: PMC8981507 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08919f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of protocols for direct catalytic acceptorless dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles with metal-free catalysts holds the key to difficulties in green and sustainable chemistry. Herein, an N-oxyl radical (TEMPO) acting as an oxidant in combination with electrochemistry is used as a synthesis system under neutral conditions to produce N-heterocycles such as benzimidazole and quinazolinone. The key feature of this protocol is the utilization of the TEMPO system as an inexpensive and easy to handle radical surrogate that can effectively promote the dehydrogenation reaction. Mechanistic studies also suggest that oxidative TEMPOs redox catalytic cycle participates in the dehydrogenation of 2,3-dihydro heteroarenes. The development of protocols for direct catalytic acceptorless dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles with metal-free catalysts holds the key to difficulties in green and sustainable chemistry.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Xinhua Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yaling Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Mei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Sunjie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Wenhe Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Mei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Weiming Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Fang Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
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