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Yadagiri B, Kumar Kaliamurthy A, Yoo K, Cheol Kang H, Ryu J, Kwaku Asiam F, Lee J. Molecular Engineering of Photosensitizers for Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Recent Developments and Perspectives. ChemistryOpen 2023; 12:e202300170. [PMID: 37874016 PMCID: PMC10695739 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are a feasible alternative to traditional silicon-based solar cells because of their low cost, eco-friendliness, flexibility, and acceptable device efficiency. In recent years, solid-state DSSCs (ss-DSSCs) have garnered much interest as they can overcome the leakage and evaporation issues of liquid electrolyte systems. However, the poor morphology of solid electrolytes and their interface with photoanodes can minimize the device performance. The photosensitizer/dye is a critical component of ss-DSSCs and plays a vital role in the device's overall performance. In this review, we summarize recent developments and performance of photosensitizers, including mono- and co-sensitization of ruthenium, porphyrin, and metal-free organic dyes under 1 sun and ambient/artificial light conditions. We also discuss the various requirements that efficient photosensitizers should satisfy and provide an overview of their historical development over the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bommaramoni Yadagiri
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting and Conversion Technology (phct)Department of Energy Materials and EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul04620Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Kumar Kaliamurthy
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting and Conversion Technology (phct)Department of Energy Materials and EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul04620Republic of Korea
| | - Kicheon Yoo
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting and Conversion Technology (phct)Department of Energy Materials and EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul04620Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Cheol Kang
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting and Conversion Technology (phct)Department of Energy Materials and EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul04620Republic of Korea
| | - Junyeong Ryu
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting and Conversion Technology (phct)Department of Energy Materials and EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul04620Republic of Korea
| | - Francis Kwaku Asiam
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting and Conversion Technology (phct)Department of Energy Materials and EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul04620Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Joon Lee
- Research Center for Photoenergy Harvesting and Conversion Technology (phct)Department of Energy Materials and EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul04620Republic of Korea
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Luo J, Lu Q, Li Q, Li Z, Wang Y, Wu X, Li C, Xie Y. Efficient Solar Cells Based on Porphyrin and Concerted Companion Dyes Featuring Benzo 12-Crown-4 for Suppressing Charge Recombination and Enhancing Dye Loading. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41569-41579. [PMID: 37608739 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, various porphyrin dyes have been designed to develop efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Based on our previously reported porphyrin dye XW43, which contains a phenothiazine donor with two diethylene glycol (DEG)-derived substituents, we herein report a porphyrin dye XW89 by introducing a benzo 12-crown-4 (BCE) unit onto the N atom of the phenothiazine donor. On this basis, XW90 and XW91 have been synthesized by replacing a DEG chain in XW89 with two DEG chains and a 12-crown-4 unit, respectively. For iodine electrolyte-based DSSCs, dyes XW89-XW91 exhibit VOC values of 765-779 mV, higher than that of XW43 (755 mV), which may be related to the strong capability of the BCE group in binding Li+ and thus suppressing the downward shift of the TiO2 conduction band and interfacial charge recombination. Moreover, the smaller size of 12-crown-4 than the DEG unit enables higher adsorption amounts of the dyes than XW43, contributing to an enhanced JSC value. Due to the presence of two BCE units, dye XW91 exhibits the highest dye loading amount and JSC of 1.86 × 10-7 mol cm-2 and 19.79 mA cm-2, respectively, affording a high PCE of 11.1%. To further enhance the light-harvesting ability, a concerted companion (CC) dye XW92 has been constructed by linking the two subdye units corresponding to the porphyrin dye XW91 and an organic dye. As a result, XW92 affords an enhanced JSC and efficiency. Further coadsorption of XW92 with chenodeoxycholic acid achieved the highest efficiency of 12.1%. This work provides an effective approach for fabricating efficient DSSCs sensitized by porphyrin and CC dyes based on the introduction of crown ether units with smaller sizes and stronger Li+ affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Luo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qingjun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qizhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhemin Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xinyan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chengjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Livshits MY, Wolford NJ, Banh JK, MacInnes MM, Greer SM, Vellore Winfred JSR, Hanson K, Gompa TP, Stein BW. Exploring Differences in Lanthanide Excited State Reactivity Using a Simple Example: The Photophysics of La and Ce Thenoyltrifluoroacetone Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13712-13721. [PMID: 37573578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
A series of four lanthanide thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) complexes consisting of two f0 (La3+ and Ce4+) and two f1 (Ce3+) complexes was examined using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. The wide range of spectroscopic techniques presented herein have enabled us to discern the nature of the excited states (charge transfer, CT vs ligand localized, LL) as well as construct a Jablonski diagram for detailing the excited state reactivity within the series of molecules. The wavelength and excitation power dependence for these series of complexes are the first direct verification for the presence of simultaneous competing, noninteracting CT and LL excited states. Additionally, a computational framework is described that can be used to support spectroscopic assignments as a guide for future studies. Finally, the relationship between the obtained photophysics and possible photochemical separation mechanisms is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Y Livshits
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Nikki J Wolford
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Jenny K Banh
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Molly M MacInnes
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Samuel M Greer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - J S R Vellore Winfred
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Kenneth Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Thaige P Gompa
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Benjamin W Stein
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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