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Wang Y, Chen Z, Jiang K, Shen Z, Passerini S, Chen M. Accelerating the Development of LLZO in Solid-State Batteries Toward Commercialization: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402035. [PMID: 38770746 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) are under development as high-priority technologies for safe and energy-dense next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems operating over a wide temperature range. Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) exhibit high thermal stability and, in some cases, the ability to prevent dendrite growth through a physical barrier, and compatibility with the "holy grail" metallic lithium. These unique advantages of SSEs have spurred significant research interests during the last decade. Garnet-type SSEs, that is, Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO), are intensively investigated due to their high Li-ion conductivity and exceptional chemical and electrochemical stability against lithium metal anodes. However, poor interfacial contact with cathode materials, undesirable lithium plating along grain boundaries, and moisture-induced chemical degradation greatly hinder the practical implementation of LLZO-based SSEs for SSBs. In this review, the recent advances in synthesis methods, modification strategies, corresponding mechanisms, and applications of garnet-based SSEs in SSBs are critically summarized. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation of the challenges and development trends of LLZO-based electrolytes in practical applications is presented to accelerate their development for high-performance SSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zexiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Sapienza University of Rome, Chemistry Department, P. Aldo Moro 5, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Minghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
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Liu J, Wang T, Yu J, Li S, Ma H, Liu X. Review of the Developments and Difficulties in Inorganic Solid-State Electrolytes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2510. [PMID: 36984390 PMCID: PMC10055896 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs), with their exceptional attributes, have captured the attention of researchers. They offer a viable solution to the inherent flaws of traditional lithium-ion batteries. The crux of an ASSLB lies in its solid-state electrolyte (SSE) which shows higher stability and safety compared to liquid electrolyte. Additionally, it holds the promise of being compatible with Li metal anode, thereby realizing higher capacity. Inorganic SSEs have undergone tremendous developments in the last few decades; however, their practical applications still face difficulties such as the electrode-electrolyte interface, air stability, and so on. The structural composition of inorganic electrolytes is inherently linked to the advantages and difficulties they present. This article provides a comprehensive explanation of the development, structure, and Li-ion transport mechanism of representative inorganic SSEs. Moreover, corresponding difficulties such as interface issues and air stability as well as possible solutions are also discussed.
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Dixit MB, Vishugopi BS, Zaman W, Kenesei P, Park JS, Almer J, Mukherjee PP, Hatzell KB. Polymorphism of garnet solid electrolytes and its implications for grain-level chemo-mechanics. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:1298-1305. [PMID: 36050382 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and mitigating filament formation, short-circuit and solid electrolyte fracture is necessary for advanced all-solid-state batteries. Here, we employ a coupled far-field high-energy diffraction microscopy and tomography approach for assessing the chemo-mechanical behaviour for dense, polycrystalline garnet (Li7La3Zr2O12) solid electrolytes with grain-level resolution. In situ monitoring of grain-level stress responses reveals that the failure mechanism is stochastic and affected by local microstructural heterogeneity. Coupling high-energy X-ray diffraction and far-field high-energy diffraction microscopy measurements reveals the presence of phase heterogeneity that can alter local chemo-mechanics within the bulk solid electrolyte. These local regions are proposed to be regions with the presence of a cubic polymorph of LLZO, potentially arising from local dopant concentration variation. The coupled tomography and FF-HEDM experiments are combined with transport and mechanics modelling to illustrate the degradation of polycrystalline garnet solid electrolytes. The results showcase the pathways for processing high-performing solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marm B Dixit
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
| | - Bairav S Vishugopi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wahid Zaman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Peter Kenesei
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Jun-Sang Park
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan Almer
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Partha P Mukherjee
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Kelsey B Hatzell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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Fritsch C, Titus J, Roussière T, Lizandara‐Pueyo C, Müller R, Gläser R, Schunk SA. Structure‐Property Relations of Nickel and Cobalt Substituted Yttrium Aluminum Garnets as Catalyst Materials for Dry Reforming of Methane. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliane Titus
- Universität Leipzig Institute of Chemical Technology Linnéstraße 3 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Thomas Roussière
- hte GmbH Kurpfalzring 104 69123 Heidelberg Germany
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Straße 38 67063 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | | | | | - Roger Gläser
- Universität Leipzig Institute of Chemical Technology Linnéstraße 3 04103 Leipzig Germany
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Strangmüller S, Avdeev M, Baran V, Walke P, Kirchberger A, Nilges T, Senyshyn A. Energy landscape for Li-ion diffusion in the garnet-type solid electrolyte Li 6.5La 3Zr 1.5Nb 0.5O 12 (LLZO-Nb). ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2022-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the nexus of diffusion mechanisms on the atomic scale as well as structural influences on the ionic motion in solid electrolytes is key for further development of high-performing all-solid-state batteries. Therefore, current research not only focuses on the search for innovative materials, but also on the study of diffusion pathways and ion dynamics in ionic conductors. In this context, we report on the extended characterization of the ionic electrolyte Li6.5La3Zr1.5Nb0.5O12 (LLZO-Nb). The commercially available material is analyzed by a combination of powder X-ray (either lab- or synchrotron-based) and neutron diffraction. Details of lithium disorder were obtained from high-resolution neutron diffraction data, from which the ionic transport of Li ions was determined by applying the maximum entropy method in combination with the one-particle potential formalism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Strangmüller
- Research Neutron Source Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II), Technical University of Munich , Lichtenbergstrasse 1, 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Maxim Avdeev
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation , New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights NSW 2234 , Sydney , Australia
- School of Chemistry , University of Sydney , NSW 2006 , Sydney , Australia
| | - Volodymyr Baran
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) , Notkestrasse 85 , 22607 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Patrick Walke
- Department of Chemistry , Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Materials Group, Technical University of Munich , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Anna Kirchberger
- Department of Chemistry , Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Materials Group, Technical University of Munich , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Tom Nilges
- Department of Chemistry , Synthesis and Characterization of Innovative Materials Group, Technical University of Munich , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Anatoliy Senyshyn
- Research Neutron Source Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II), Technical University of Munich , Lichtenbergstrasse 1, 85748 Garching , Germany
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Kim M, Park HG, Park K. A strategy of enhancing the ionic conductivity of Li 7La 3Zr 2O 12 under accurate sintering conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:29159-29164. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The sintering conditions for forming LLZO in advance promote the formation of cubic LLZO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjea Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Gyu Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangjin Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea
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