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Alshehri RF, El-Feky HH, Askar AM, Amin AS, Aish M. Utilization of a novel PVC- optical sensor for high sensitive and selective determination of zinc ion in real samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123424. [PMID: 37806243 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel and highly specific bulk membrane optode was developed for the ultra-sensitive detection of zinc(II) in biological, pharmaceutical, and water samples. The polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) utilized in this study consists of 50% polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as a base polymer, 9.00% DOP (dioctylphthalate) as the plasticizer, and 40.0% D2EHPA (di(2-ethlyhexyl)phosphoric acid) as the carrier. To facilitate the spectrophotometric determination of zinc(II), a colorimetric reagent, namely 4-(2-arsonophenylazo) salicylic acid (APASA) {1.00%, m/v}, was employed. When Zn(II) was extracted into the PIM, it led to the creation of the zinc-D2EHPA complex. This complex then underwent a reaction with APASA, resulting in the formation of a red Zn - APASA complex with a maximum absorption wavelength (λmax) of 558 nm. To optimize the response of the optode, a central composite design was employed, considering variables such as the amount of additive and reagent, response time, and pH. When operated under the specific optimal conditions, the sensor demonstrated a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.74 ng/mL (equivalent to 1.17 × 10-8 M) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.22 ng/mL (equivalent to 3.44 × 10-9 M). The optode membrane demonstrated excellent reproducibility, stability, and a relatively long lifespan, making it suitable for precise and accurate monitoring of Zn(II) ion content. Regeneration of the optode was achieved effectively using 0.25 nitric acid solution, and its response exhibited reversibility and reproducibility, showed a relative standard deviation of less than 1.33%. Moreover, the PIM-APASA optode exhibited a high level of effectiveness in accurately determining the presence of Zn(II) ions in real environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem F Alshehri
- Chemistry Department, College of Science& Arts, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham H El-Feky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Abdelrazek M Askar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Alaa S Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
| | - Mai Aish
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
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Hassan AME, Alshehri RF, El-Bahy SM, Amin AS, Aish M. A modified selective optical sensor for selenium determination based on incorporating xylenol orange in a poly(vinyl chloride) membrane. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34618-34629. [PMID: 38024967 PMCID: PMC10680018 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05308c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel optical sensor has been developed to measure selenium ions. The sensor membrane was created by mixing xylenol orange (XO) and sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) with a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane that contained o-nitrophenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE) as a plasticizer. XO was previously established for use in a colorimeter to measure selenium in water and other media. At pH 6.6, the color of the detecting membrane changed from orange to pink when in contact with Se4+ ions. Various variables affecting the uptake efficiency were evaluated and optimized. Under optimum conditions (i.e., 30% PVC, 60% o-NPOE, and 5.0% of both XO and NaTPB for 5.0 min as the response time), the proposed sensor displayed a linear range 10-175 ng mL-1 with the detection and quantification limits of 3.0 and 10 ng mL-1, respectively. Also, the precision (RSD%) was better than 2.2% for six replicate determinations of 100 ng mL-1 Se4+ in various membranes. For the detection of Se4+, the selectivity of the sensor membrane was investigated for a number of possible interfering inorganic cations, but no appreciable interference was found. With the use of a 0.3 M HCl solution, the sensor was successfully restored, and the response that may have been reversible and reproducible exhibited an RSD% of less than 2.0%. The sensor has been successfully used to analyze Se4+ ions in environmental and biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M E Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6th University October Egypt
| | - Reem F Alshehri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah M El-Bahy
- Chemistry Department, Turabah University College, Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa S Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University Benha Egypt
| | - Mai Aish
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University Port Said Egypt
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Zhao J, Li C, Wei S, Lü C, Zou LW. A multifunctional fluorescent probe based on Schiff base with AIE and ESIPT characteristics for effective detections of Pb 2+, Ag + and Fe 3. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 300:122904. [PMID: 37229941 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, three Schiff-based fluorescent probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and excited intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) characters were synthesized by grafting 2-aminobenzothiazole group onto 4-substituted salicylaldehydes. More important, a rare tri-responsive fluorescent probe (SN-Cl) was developed by purposeful variation of substituents in the molecule. It could selectively identify Pb2+, Ag+ and Fe3+ in different solvent systems or with the help of masking agent and show complete fluorescence enhancement without interference of other ions. Meanwhile, the other two probes (SN-ON and SN-N) could only recognize Pb2+ in DMSO/Tris-HCl buffer (3: 7, v/v, pH = 7.4). According to Job's plot, density functional theory (DFT) calculations and NMR analysis, coordination between SN-Cl and Pb2+/Ag+/Fe3+ was determined. The LOD values for three ions were as low as 0.059 μM, 0.012 μM and 8.92 μM, respectively. Ideally, SN-Cl showed satisfactory performance in real water samples detection and test paper experiments for three ions. Also, SN-Cl could be used as an excellent imaging agent for Fe3+ in HeLa cells. Therefore, SN-Cl has the ability to be a "single fluorescent probe for three targets".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850#, Dalian 116029, PR China
| | - Ciqin Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Sihan Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850#, Dalian 116029, PR China
| | - Chengwei Lü
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Huanghe Road 850#, Dalian 116029, PR China.
| | - Li-Wei Zou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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Sensitive optical thin film sensor based on incorporation of 2-(2′-hydroxynaphthylazo)-benzothiazole in a sol–gel matrix for detection of manganese(II) in environmental samples. Anal Biochem 2022; 651:114720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Amin AS, El-Bahy S, El-Feky HH. Utility of 5-(2',4'-dimethylphenylazo)-6-hydroxy-pyrimidine-2,4-dione in PVC membrane for a novel green optical chemical sensor to detect zinc ion in environmental samples. Anal Biochem 2022; 643:114579. [PMID: 35120972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In plasticized (2-nitro-phenyloctyl ether (o-NPOE)) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane incorporating (N,N-diethyl-5-(octadecanoylimino)-5H-benzo[a] phenolxazine-9-amine (ETH 5294) and sodium tetraphenyl borate (NaTPB), an ionophore 5-(2',4'-dimethylphenylazo)-6-hydroxy-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (DMPAHPD) form an optical chemical sensor for zinc determination is ascribed. The sensor response is based on selective complexation of Zn2+ with DMPAHPD in the designed membrane phase, resulting in an ion exchange process between H+ in the membrane and Zn2+ in the sample solution. The influences of several experimental parameters, as membrane composition, pH, and type and concentration of the regenerating reagent, were demonstrated. The sensor has a response range of 5.0 × 10-9 to 2.5 × 10-5 M Zn2+ with detection and quantification limits of 1.6 × 10-9 and 4.9 × 10-9 M, respectively. The response time of 1 min at 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution of pH 5.0 with recording repeatability and sensor-to sensor reproducibility is reported. The proposed sensor signifies high selectivity for Zn2+ over various transition metal ions, alkali, and alkaline earth ions. The sensor membrane can be simply regenerated with 0.5 M HNO3. The sensor has been used to assess Zn2+ in river, waste, tap, sea, well, and spring waters samples, serum of diabetic patients, powdered milk, hair, red meat, pharmaceutical formulations, and talc powder samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa S Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
| | - Salah El-Bahy
- Chemistry Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham H El-Feky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Amin AS, El-Feky HH, Hassan N. A novel sensor for the selective monitoring of trace ytterbium ions using an agarose-based optical membrane. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26620-26629. [PMID: 36275166 PMCID: PMC9486973 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03947h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel highly selective sensitive optical sensor was prepared via the chemical immobilization of β-2-hydroxybenzyl-5-bromo-2-hydroxyazastyrene (HBBHAS) on an epoxy-activated agarose membrane pieces. The absorbance variation of the immobilized azastyrene film on agarose upon the addition of 1.5 × 10−5 M aqueous solutions of La3+, Y3+, Al3+, Sc3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Lu3+, Fe3+, Ce3+, Cr3+, S2O32−, Tb3+, Mn2+ and KIO3 revealed substantially higher changes for the Yb3+ ion compared to the other considered ions. Thus, using HBBHAS as an appropriate ionophore, a selective optical sensor for Yb3+ was prepared via its chemical immobilization on a transparent agarose membrane. The effects of pH, reagent concentration, and time duration of the reaction of immobilizing the reagent were examined. A distinct change in the maximum absorbance of the reagent was established on contact of the sensing membrane with Yb3+ ions at pH = 4.25. For the membrane sensor, a linear relationship was observed between the variation in membrane absorbance (ΔA) at 424 nm and Yb3+ concentrations in the range of 4.75 × 10−5 to 6.20 × 10−10 M with a detection limit of 1.9 × 10−10 M for Yb3+. The effects of some potentially interfering ions on the assessment of Yb3+ were analyzed, and no substantial interference was found. The sensor showed a short response time and decent durability with no reagent leaching. The recovery of Yb3+ ions from the sensor material was performed using 0.3 M HNO3 and its response was reversible and reproducible with RSD ≥ 1.95%. This study reports a non-toxic, economical, stable, accurate, easy-to-use, and novel optical sensor material to assess Yb3+ in synthetic and environmental water samples. The immobilized optical sensor preparation and its measurement procedure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa S. Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Hesham H. El-Feky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Nader Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
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El-Feky HH, Amin AS, Moustafa EMI. Utilization of a plasticized PVC optical sensor for the selective and efficient detection of cobalt( ii) in environmental samples. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18431-18440. [PMID: 35799938 PMCID: PMC9215704 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel sensitive, selective, and reversible cobalt(ii) ion optical sensor was prepared by the incorporation of 5-[o-carboxyphenylazo]2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid [CPDB] and sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB) in a plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane containing dioctyl adipate (DOA) as a plasticizer. The influence of several parameters such as pH, base matrix, solvent mediator and reagent concentration was optimized. A comparison of the obtained results with those of previously reported sensors revealed that the proposed method, in addition to being fast and simple, provided a good linear range (0.05–45.20 μM) and low detection limit (0.015 μM). Low detection and quantification limits and excellent selectivity in the presence of interfering ions such as Fe3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Ag+, Au3+, Cr3+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Hg2+, and SO42− make it feasible to monitor Co2+ ion content accurately and repeatedly in environmental samples with complicated matrices. The optode was regenerated successfully using 0.3 M nitric acid (HNO3) solution while its response was reversible with a relative standard deviation (RSD) lower than 1.9% for seven replicate determinations of 20 μM Co2+ in various membranes. The optode was stable and was stored for at least 15 days without observing any change in its sensitivity. A novel sensitive, selective, and reversible cobalt(ii) ion optical sensor was prepared by the incorporation of [CPDB] and (NaTPB) in a (PVC) membrane containing (DOA) as a plasticizer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham H. El-Feky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Alaa S. Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Moustafa EMI, Amin AS, Darwish ER. Optical chemical sensor of Gd( iii) based on 5-(2′-bromophenyl- azo)-6-hydroxypyrimidine-2,4-dione immobilized on poly(methyl methacrylate) and 2-nitrophenyloctylether matrix. RSC Adv 2022; 12:26090-26098. [PMID: 36275111 PMCID: PMC9475400 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03729g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel optical chemical sensor (optode) was fabricated for the determination of Gadolinium ions. The optical sensor was prepared by incorporating a recently synthesized ionophore, 5-(2′-bromophenylazo)-6-hydroxy pyrimidine-2,4-dione (BPAHPD), and 2-nitrophenyloctylether (NPOE) as a plasticizer in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) membrane. The color of the sensing membrane in contact with Gd(iii) ions changed from yellow to red-orange due to the adsorption of Gd(iii) with the maximum absorbance (λmax) at 563 nm. The chemical sensor responds optimally towards Gd(iii) ions at the optimum conditions of pH 7.5, contact time 10 min, 150 ng mL−1 Gd(iii), and 5.0 mL solution. The linear regression equation achieved was A = 4.36C (μg mL−1) – 0.15 (r = 0.9976). A linear Gd(iii) calibration curve can be established in the concentration range of 5.0–250 ng mL−1 with R2 = 0.9976. Detection and quantification limits are 1.47 and 4.75 ng mL−1, respectively. The molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity are found to be 6.86 × 107 L mol−1 cm−1 and 0.023 ng cm−2, respectively. In addition to its stability and reproducibility, the optode revealed a great selectivity toward Gd(iii) ions as compared to other coexisting ions in real samples. The recovery of Gd(iii) ions from the sensor material was achieved using 0.4 M HNO3. The offered optode sensor membrane has been employed to monitor Gd(iii) in soil, sediments, river water, and urine with an internal standard addition method and compared statistically with the ICP-OES method. The results revealed calculated t-values between 1.11–1.85, whereas F values were in the range of 2.46–3.77 which did not exceed the theoretical values, indicating no significant difference at 95% confidence level. The observed percent recovery is in the range of 97.24–102.52%. A novel optical chemical sensor (optode) was fabricated for the determination of Gadolinium ions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alaa S. Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Eman R. Darwish
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
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