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Liu Z, Cheng S, Schulman E, Chen W, Vlachos DG, Shu Y, Tran DT, Liu D. Direct non-oxidative methane coupling on vitreous silica supported iron catalysts. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Postma RS, Keijsper DJ, Morsink BF, Siegers EH, Mercimek MEE, Nieukoop LK, van den Berg H, van der Ham AGJ, Lefferts L. Technoeconomic Evaluation of the Industrial Implementation of Catalytic Direct Nonoxidative Methane Coupling. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022; 61:566-579. [PMID: 35035066 PMCID: PMC8759068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a process design for catalytic nonoxidative natural gas conversion to olefins and aromatics, highlighting the opportunities and challenges concerning industrial implementation. The optimal reactor conditions are 5 bar and 1000 °C. Heat exchange over the reactor is challenging due to the high temperature and low gas pressure. Recovery of ethylene is economically unattractive due to the low ethylene concentration in the product stream, leading to a methane-to-aromatics process, recycling ethylene. Benzene is the most valuable product at an efficiency of 0.31 kgbenzene/kgmethane with hydrogen as a major valuable byproduct. Naphthalene, with a low value, is unfortunately the dominant product, at 0.52 kgnaphthalene/kgmethane. It is suggested to hydrocrack the naphthalene to more valuable BTX products in an additional downstream process. The process is calculated to result in a 107 $ profit per ton CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf S. Postma
- Catalytic
Processes and Materials Group, Faculty of Science and Technology,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Dylan J. Keijsper
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Bart F. Morsink
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Erwin H. Siegers
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Muhammed E. E. Mercimek
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Lance K. Nieukoop
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Henk van den Berg
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Aloijsius G. J. van der Ham
- Sustainable
Process Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
| | - Leon Lefferts
- Catalytic
Processes and Materials Group, Faculty of Science and Technology,
MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, Netherlands
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