1
|
Zhang Y, Vanderghinste J, Wang J, Das S. Challenges and recent advancements in the synthesis of α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1474. [PMID: 38368416 PMCID: PMC10874380 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
α,α-Disubstituted α-amino acids (α-AAs) have improved properties compared to other types of amino acids. They serve as modifiers of peptide conformation and as precursors of bioactive compounds. Therefore, it has been a long-standing goal to construct this highly valuable scaffold efficiently in organic synthesis and drug discovery. However, access to α,α-disubstituted α-AAs is highly challenging and largely unexplored due to their steric constraints. To overcome these, remarkable advances have been made in the last decades. Emerging strategies such as synergistic enantioselective catalysis, visible-light-mediated photocatalysis, metal-free methodologies and CO2 fixation offer new avenues to access the challenging synthesis of α,α-disubstituted α-AAs and continuously bring additional contributions to this field. This review article aims to provide an overview of the recent advancements since 2015 and discuss existing challenges for the synthesis of α,α-disubstituted α-AAs and their derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, 201203, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Jaro Vanderghinste
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Chinese Medicine Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie L, Zhao C, Wang Z, Chen Z, Zhao Y, Liu X, Xu X, Liu W, Li X, Wu L. Synthesis of Polycyclic Imidazolidinones via Cascade [3 + 2]-Annulation of β-Oxo-acrylamides with Cyclic N-Sulfonyl Imines. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15805-15816. [PMID: 37906181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
An Et3N-catalyzed cascade [3 + 2]-annulation of β-oxo-acrylamides with cyclic N-sulfonyl ketimines or sulfamate-derived imines is developed under mild reaction conditions, which provides a concise and efficient route to access valuable sultam- or sulfamidate-fused imidazolidinone derivatives in good to excellent yields (80-95% yields) with excellent diastereoselectivities (>20:1 drs). The current protocol features atom economy, a transition-metal-free process, and broad functional group tolerance. Moreover, the asymmetric variant of the [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction was achieved in the presence of diphenylethanediamine or quinine-based bifunctional squaramide organocatalysts C-1 and C-11, giving the corresponding chiral polycyclic imidazolidinones in 68-90% yields with 25-94% ees and >20:1 drs in all cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chenyi Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zirui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xinghan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiangdong Xu
- Liaocheng Inspection and Testing Center, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wanxing Liu
- The Non-Public Enterprise Service Center of Liaocheng, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Lingang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
- Liaocheng Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Ganoderma Lucidum, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dehghanpour Kalan R, Amiri K, Rominger F, Balalaie S, Bijanzadeh HR. Regio- and diastereoselective transition metal-free hydroalkylation of N-allenyl sulfonamides by push-pull 2-alkynylquinolines. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8269-8272. [PMID: 36226516 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01362b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel and efficient synthetic strategy to construct the linear homoallylic quinolone structures through the intermolecular addition of 2-alkynylquinoline to N-allenyl sulfonamides. We developed the regio- and diastereoselective transition metal-free hydroalkylation of 1,2-dienes by a structure containing a push-pull system. Moreover, the present work was carried out with a high atom economy, mild reaction conditions, and moderate to high yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Dehghanpour Kalan
- Peptide Chemistry Research Institute, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamran Amiri
- Peptide Chemistry Research Institute, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 271, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Institute, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Bijanzadeh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Banjare SK, Mahulkar PS, Nanda T, Pati BV, Najiar LO, Ravikumar PC. Diverse reactivity of alkynes in C-H activation reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10262-10289. [PMID: 36040423 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03294e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkynes occupy a prominent role as a coupling partner in the transition metal-catalysed directed C-H activation reactions. Due to low steric requirements and linear geometry, alkynes can effectively coordinate with metal d-orbitals. This makes alkynes one of the most successful coupling partners in terms of the number of useful transformations. Remarkably, by changing the reaction conditions and transition-metals from 5d to 3d, the pattern of reactivity of alkynes also changes. Due to the varied reactivity of alkynes, such as alkenylation, annulation, alkylation, and alkynylation, they have been extensively used for the synthesis of valuable organic molecules. Despite enormous explorations with alkynes, there are still a lot more possible ways by which they can be made to react with M-C bonds generated through C-H activation. Practically there is no limit for the creative use of this approach. In particular with the development of new high and low valent first-row metal catalysts, there is plenty of scope for this chemistry to evolve as one of the most explored areas of research in the coming years. Therefore, a highlight article about alkynes is both timely and useful for synthetic chemists working in this area. Herein, we have highlighted the diverse reactivity of alkynes with various transition metals (Ir, Rh, Ru, Pd, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) and their applications, along with some of our thoughts on future prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Kumar Banjare
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Odisha 752050, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Pranav Shridhar Mahulkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Odisha 752050, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Tanmayee Nanda
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Odisha 752050, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Bedadyuti Vedvyas Pati
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Odisha 752050, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Lamphiza O Najiar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Odisha 752050, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ponneri C Ravikumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Odisha 752050, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu H, Zhang Q, Zi W. Synergistic Pd/Cu-catalyzed enantioselective Csp 2-F bond alkylation of fluoro-1,3-dienes with aldimine esters. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2470. [PMID: 35513394 PMCID: PMC9072389 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to high bond dissociation energies of Csp2-F bonds, using fluorinated compounds in Csp2-Csp3 cross-coupling is difficult. Here the authors report a protocol for enantioselective Csp2-Csp3 coupling of dienyl fluorides with aldimine esters, enabled by synergistic copper and palladium catalysis. This reaction represents the first example of asymmetric Csp2-Csp3 cross-coupling involving an inert Csp2-F bond and provides expeditious access to chiral α-alkenyl α-amino acids with high enantioselectivity. Control experiments suggest that the Csp2-F bond activation occurs through a pathway involving PdH migratory insertion and subsequent allylic defluorination, rather than by direct oxidative addition of the Csp2-F bond to Pd(0). The detailed mechanism is further investigated by DFT calculation and the enantioselectivity is rationalized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| |
Collapse
|