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Wang Z, Guo Z, Liu Y, Cui L, Wang Y, Yu H, Ji L. Photoisomerization and thermal reconstruction induced supramolecular chirality inversion in nanofiber determined by minority isomer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 313:124138. [PMID: 38503253 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Here, amphiphile GCH based on glutamide-cyanostilbene is designed and synthesized, it is found that it can assembly in acetonitrile, and shows circular dichroism signals. After Z-E isomerizaition by UV irradiation, the CD signal of the assembly can be inverted. Unexpectedly, after another heating and cooling process, the circular dichroism signals can be totally inverted even though the E-isomers are in minority. Finally, the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations deeply elucidate the supramolecuar chirality inversion mechanism. This work brings some new insights into the control of chirality inversion, which may provide a perspective for the smart chiroptical materials construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Ziwei Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Yiran Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Linfeng Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200 Hebei, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
| | - Lukang Ji
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
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2
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Jones C, Kershaw Cook LJ, Slater AG, Yufit DS, Steed JW. Scrolling in Supramolecular Gels: A Designer's Guide. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:2799-2809. [PMID: 38558920 PMCID: PMC10976645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c03013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Gelation by small molecules is a topic of enormous importance in catalysis, nanomaterials, drug delivery, and pharmaceutical crystallization. The mechanism by which gelators self-organize into a fibrous gel network is poorly understood. Herein, we describe the crystal structures and gelation properties of a library of bis(urea) compounds and show, via molecular dynamics simulations, how gelator aggregation progresses from a continuous pattern of supramolecular motifs to a homogeneous fiber network. Our model suggests that lamellae with asymmetric surfaces scroll into uniform unbranched fibrils, while sheets with symmetric surfaces undergo stacking to form crystals. The self-assembly of asymmetric lamellae is associated with specific molecular features, such as the presence of narrow and flexible end groups with high packing densities, and likely represents a general mechanism for the formation of small-molecule gels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence J. Kershaw Cook
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Anna G. Slater
- Department
of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U.K.
| | - Dmitry S. Yufit
- Department
of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K.
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3
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Delivery of Active Peptides by Self-Healing, Biocompatible and Supramolecular Hydrogels. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062528. [PMID: 36985499 PMCID: PMC10057174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular and biocompatible hydrogels with a tunable pH ranging from 5.5 to 7.6 lead to a wide variety of formulations useful for many different topical applications compatible with the skin pH. An in vitro viability/cytotoxicity test of the gel components demonstrated that they are non-toxic, as the cells continue to proliferate after 48 h. An analysis of the mechanical properties demonstrates that the hydrogels have moderate strength and an excellent linear viscoelastic range with the absence of a proper breaking point, confirmed with thixotropy experiments. Two cosmetic active peptides (Trifluoroacetyl tripeptide-2 and Palmitoyl tripeptide-5) were successfully added to the hydrogels and their transdermal permeation was analysed with Franz diffusion cells. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analyses of the withdrawn samples from the receiving solutions showed that Trifluoroacetyl tripeptide-2 permeated in a considerable amount while almost no transdermal permeation of Palmitoyl tripeptide-5 was observed.
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Liu W, Li Z, Wang Z, Huang Z, Sun C, Liu S, Jiang Y, Yang H. Functional System Based on Glycyrrhizic Acid Supramolecular Hydrogel: Toward Polymorph Control, Stabilization, and Controlled Release. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7767-7776. [PMID: 36732699 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Developments of a drug delivery system (DDS) based on a natural supramolecular hydrogel have been of wide interest due to its biocompatibility, efficacy, and adjustable performance. However, a simple and efficient design of functional hydrogel DDS based on the templated interplay of gelator and model drug is still a challenge. In this work, natural glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) gel was selected as a carrier to encapsulate the model drug pyrazinamide (PZA). It was found that the carboxyl-amide interaction at the interface of gel-drug achieved polymorph control, stabilization, and pH-responsive release. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed that the metastable γ form of PZA was obtained from the GA gel. Spectral analysis and molecular dynamics simulation showed that the protonation at the amide-O promoted the discretization of PZA molecules in solution, resulting in the polymorphism. Furthermore, the gel-drug interplay increased the stability of the γ form significantly from 2 days to 3 months by in situ encapsulation in the GA gel. In vitro release study indicated that the GA gel achieved targeted control release of PZA due to the pH-responsiveness property of GA. This work provides a promising option for hydrogel-based DDS design combined with polymorph control and stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Ziyin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Chenbo Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, China
| | - Yanbin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510640, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming525000, China
| | - Huaiyu Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, LoughboroughLE11 3TU, Leicestershire, U.K
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Schnitter F, Rieß B, Jandl C, Boekhoven J. Memory, switches, and an OR-port through bistability in chemically fueled crystals. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2816. [PMID: 35595758 PMCID: PMC9122941 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to store information in chemical reaction networks is essential for the complex behavior we associate with life. In biology, cellular memory is regulated through transcriptional states that are bistable, i.e., a state that can either be on or off and can be flipped from one to another through a transient signal. Such memory circuits have been realized synthetically through the rewiring of genetic systems in vivo or through the rational design of reaction networks based on DNA and highly evolved enzymes in vitro. Completely bottom-up analogs based on small molecules are rare and hard to design and thus represent a challenge for systems chemistry. In this work, we show that bistability can be designed from a simple non-equilibrium reaction cycle that is coupled to crystallization. The crystals exert the necessary feedback on the reaction cycle required for the bistability resulting in an on-state with assemblies and an off-state without. Each state represents volatile memory that can be stored in continuously stirred tank reactors indefinitely even though molecules are turned over on a minute-timescale. We showcase the system’s abilities by creating a matrix display that can store images and by creating an OR-gate by coupling several switches together. In biology, information is stored and processed using highly evolved molecules in bistable states. Here, the authors demonstrate bistability in a synthetic system without the need for evolved biomolecules or autocatalytic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schnitter
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Benedikt Rieß
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Catalysis Research Centre, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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McDowall D, Adams DJ, Seddon AM. Using small angle scattering to understand low molecular weight gels. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1577-1590. [PMID: 35147629 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The material properties of a gel are determined by the underpinning network that immobilises the solvent. When gels are formed by the self-assembly of small molecules into a so-called low molecular weight gel, the network is the result of the molecules forming one-dimensional objects such as fibres or nanotubes which entangle or otherwise cross-link to form a three-dimensional network. Characterising the one-dimensional objects and the network is difficult. Many conventional techniques rely on drying to probe the network, which often leads to artefacts. An effective tool to probe the gel in the solvated state is small angle scattering. Both small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) can be used. Here, we discuss these approaches and provide a tutorial review to describe how these approaches work, what opportunities there are and how the data treatment should be approached. We aim to show the power of this approach and provide enabling information to make them accessible to the non-specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel McDowall
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Annela M Seddon
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
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Patterson C, Dietrich B, Wilson C, Mount AR, Adams DJ. Electrofabrication of large volume di- and tripeptide hydrogels via hydroquinone oxidation. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1064-1070. [PMID: 35022641 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01626a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of protected peptide-based hydrogels on electrode surfaces can be achieved by employing the electrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone to benzoquinone, liberating protons at the electrode-solution interface. The localised reduction in pH below the dipeptide gelator molecules pKa initiates the neutralisation, self-assembly and formation of self-supporting hydrogels exclusively at the electrode surface. Previous examples have been on a nanometre to millimetre scale, using deposition times ranging from seconds to minutes. However, the maximum size to which these materials can grow and their subsequent mechanical properties have not yet been investigated. Here, we report the fabrication of the largest reported di- and tri-peptide based hydrogels using this electrochemical method, employing deposition times of two to five hours. To overcome the oxidation of hydroquinone in air, the fabrication process was performed under an inert nitrogen atmosphere. We show that this approach can be used to form multilayer gels, with the mechanical properties of each layer determined by gelator composition. We also describe examples where gel-to-crystal transitions and syneresis occur within the material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bart Dietrich
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Claire Wilson
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Andrew R Mount
- EastCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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Gila-Vilchez C, Mañas-Torres MC, González-Vera JA, Franco-Montalban F, Tamayo JA, Conejero-Lara F, Cuerva JM, Lopez-Lopez MT, Orte A, Álvarez de Cienfuegos L. Insights into the co-assemblies formed by different aromatic short-peptide amphiphiles. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01366a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of co-assembly of different aromatic dipeptides has been studied using a combination of microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. At an equimolar ratio, the kinetics of the process is favored giving rise to alternate copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gila-Vilchez
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Mari C. Mañas-Torres
- Universidad de Granada, Dpto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), 18071-Granada, Spain
| | - Juan A. González-Vera
- Universidad de Granada, Nanoscopy-UGR Laboratory. Dpto de FisicoQuímica, Facultad de Farmacia, UEQ, 18072-Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Franco-Montalban
- Universidad de Granada, Dpto de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, 18072-Granada, Spain
| | - Juan A. Tamayo
- Universidad de Granada, Dpto de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, 18072-Granada, Spain
| | | | - Juan Manuel Cuerva
- Universidad de Granada, Dpto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), 18071-Granada, Spain
| | - Modesto T. Lopez-Lopez
- Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
| | - Angel Orte
- Universidad de Granada, Nanoscopy-UGR Laboratory. Dpto de FisicoQuímica, Facultad de Farmacia, UEQ, 18072-Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Álvarez de Cienfuegos
- Universidad de Granada, Dpto de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Unidad de Excelencia Química Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), 18071-Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
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