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Dey A, Chakraborty S, Singh A, Rahimi FA, Biswas S, Mandal T, Maji TK. Microwave Assisted Fast Synthesis of a Donor-Acceptor COF Towards Photooxidative Amidation Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403093. [PMID: 38679566 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) at bulk scale require robust, straightforward, and cost-effective techniques. However, the traditional solvothermal synthetic methods of COFs suffer low scalability as well as requirement of sensitive reaction environment and multiday reaction time (2-10 days) which greatly restricts their practical application. Here, we report microwave assisted rapid and optimized synthesis of a donor-acceptor (D-A) based highly crystalline COF, TzPm-COF in second (10 sec) to minute (10 min) time scale. With increasing the reaction time from seconds to minutes crystallinity, porosity and morphological changes are observed for TzPm-COF. Owing to visible range light absorption, suitable band alignment, and low exciton binding energy (Eb=64.6 meV), TzPm-COF can efficaciously produce superoxide radical anion (O2 .-) after activating molecular oxygen (O2) which eventually drives aerobic photooxidative amidation reaction with high recyclability. This photocatalytic approach works well with a variety of substituted aromatic aldehydes having electron-withdrawing or donating groups and cyclic, acyclic, primary or secondary amines with moderate to high yield. Furthermore, catalytic mechanism was established by monitoring the real-time reaction progress through in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopic (DRIFTS) study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Dey
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Samiran Chakraborty
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Ashish Singh
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Faruk Ahamed Rahimi
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Sandip Biswas
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Tamagna Mandal
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Maji
- Molecular Materials Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit (CPMU), School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), International Centre for Materials Science (ICMS), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India
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2
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Majumder P, Basak A, Kuiry H, Sasmal HS, Karak S, Saha P, Chandra B, Sen Gupta S, Banerjee R. Proximity-Enabled Photochemical C-H Functionalization using a Covalent Organic Framework-Confined Fe 2IV-μ-oxo Species in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18855-18864. [PMID: 37587434 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Water has been recognized as an excellent solvent for maneuvering both the catalytic activity and selectivity, especially in the case of heterogeneous catalysis. However, maintaining the active catalytic species in their higher oxidation states (IV/V) while retaining the catalytic activity and recyclability in water is an enormous challenge. Herein, we have developed a solution to this problem using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to immobilize the (Et4N)2[FeIII(Cl)bTAML] molecules, taking advantage of the COF's morphology and surface charge. By using the visible light and [CoIII(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 as a sacrificial electron acceptor within the COF, we have successfully generated and stabilized the [(bTAML)FeIV-O-FeIV(bTAML)]- species in water. The COF backbone simultaneously acts as a porous host and a photosensitizer. This is the first time that the photochemically generated Fe2IV-μ-oxo radical cation species has demonstrated high catalytic activity with moderate to high yield for the selective oxidation of the unactivated C-H bonds, even in water. To enhance the catalytic activity and achieve good recyclability, we have developed a TpDPP COF film by transforming the TpDPP COF nanospheres. We have achieved the regio- and stereoselective functionalization of unactivated C-H bonds of alkanes and alkenes (3°:2° = 102:1 for adamantane with the COF film), which is improbable in homogeneous conditions. The film exhibits C-H bond oxidation with higher catalytic yield (32-98%) and a higher degree of selectivity (cis/trans = 74:1; 3°:2° = 100:1 for cis-decalin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Majumder
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Ananda Basak
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Himangshu Kuiry
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Himadri Sekhar Sasmal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Suvendu Karak
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Paramita Saha
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Bittu Chandra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Sayam Sen Gupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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3
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Jati A, Dam S, Kumar S, Kumar K, Maji B. A π-conjugated covalent organic framework enables interlocked nickel/photoredox catalysis for light-harvesting cross-coupling reactions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8624-8634. [PMID: 37592981 PMCID: PMC10430564 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02440g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are an outstanding platform for heterogeneous photocatalysis. Herein, we synthesized a pyrene-based two-dimensional C[double bond, length as m-dash]C linked π-conjugated COF via Knoevenagel condensation and anchored Ni(ii)-centers through bipyridine moieties. Instead of traditional dual metallaphotoredox catalysis, the mono-metal decorated Ni@Bpy-sp2c-COF interlocked the catalysis mediated by light and the transition metal. Under light irradiation, enhanced energy and electron transfer in the COF backbone, as delineated by the photoluminescence, electrochemical, and control experiments, expedited the excitation of Ni centers to efficiently catalyze diverse photocatalytic C-X (X = B, C, N, O, P, S) cross-coupling reactions with efficiencies orders of magnitude higher than the homogeneous controls. The COF catalyst tolerated a diverse range of coupling partners with various steric and electronic properties, delivering the products with up to 99% yields. Some reactions were performed on a gram scale and were applied to diversify pharmaceuticals and complex molecules to demonstrate the synthetic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Jati
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
| | - Suranjana Dam
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
| | - Shekhar Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
| | - Kundan Kumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 WB India
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4
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Li X, Wang Y, Zhang F, Lang X. Benzothiadiazole covalent organic framework photocatalysis with an electron transfer mediator for selective aerobic sulfoxidation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:683-692. [PMID: 37321087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising visible light photocatalysts for aerobic oxidation reactions. However, COFs usually suffer from the assault of reactive oxygen species, leading to hindered electron transfer. This scenario could be addressed by integrating a mediator to promote photocatalysis. Starting with 4,4'-(benzo-2,1,3-thiadiazole-4,7-diyl)dianiline (BTD) and 2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp), TpBTD-COF is developed as a photocatalyst for aerobic sulfoxidation. Adding an electron transfer mediator 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1‑oxyl (TEMPO), the conversions are radically accelerated, over 2.5 times of that without TEMPO. Moreover, the robustness of TpBTD-COF is preserved by TEMPO. Remarkably, TpBTD-COF could endure multiple cycles of sulfoxidation, even with higher conversions than the fresh one. TpBTD-COF photocatalysis with TEMPO implements diverse aerobic sulfoxidation by an electron transfer pathway. This work highlights that benzothiadiazole COFs are an avenue for tailor-made photocatalytic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fulin Zhang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xianjun Lang
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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5
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López-Magano A, Daliran S, Oveisi AR, Mas-Ballesté R, Dhakshinamoorthy A, Alemán J, Garcia H, Luque R. Recent Advances in the Use of Covalent Organic Frameworks as Heterogenous Photocatalysts in Organic Synthesis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209475. [PMID: 36563668 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic photochemistry is intensely developed in the 1980s, in which the nature of excited electronic states and the energy and electron transfer processes are thoroughly studied and finally well-understood. This knowledge from molecular organic photochemistry can be transferred to the design of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as active visible-light photocatalysts. COFs constitute a new class of crystalline porous materials with substantial application potentials. Featured with outstanding structural tunability, large porosity, high surface area, excellent stability, and unique photoelectronic properties, COFs are studied as potential candidates in various research areas (e.g., photocatalysis). This review aims to provide the state-of-the-art insights into the design of COF photocatalysts (pristine, functionalized, and hybrid COFs) for organic transformations. The catalytic reaction mechanism of COF-based photocatalysts and the influence of dimensionality and crystallinity on heterogenous photocatalysis performance are also discussed, followed by perspectives and prospects on the main challenges and opportunities in future research of COFs and COF-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto López-Magano
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Módulo 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Saba Daliran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98615-538, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Oveisi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, 98615-538, Iran
| | - Rubén Mas-Ballesté
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Módulo 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Amarajothi Dhakshinamoorthy
- School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnología Química CSIC-UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia, 46022, Spain
| | - Hermenegildo Garcia
- Organic Chemistry Department, Módulo 1, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Rafael Luque
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, Cordoba, E14014, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
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6
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Basak A, Karak S, Banerjee R. Covalent Organic Frameworks as Porous Pigments for Photocatalytic Metal-Free C-H Borylation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7592-7599. [PMID: 36943195 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are highly promising as heterogeneous photocatalysts due to their tunable structures and optoelectronic properties. Though COFs have been used as heterogeneous photocatalysts, they have mainly been employed in water splitting, carbon dioxide reduction, and hydrogen evolution reactions. A few examples in organic synthesis using metal-anchored COF photocatalysts were reported. Herein, we report highly stable β-keto-enamine-based COFs as photocatalysts for metal-free C-B bond formation reactions. Three different COFs have been availed for this purpose. Their photocatalysis performances have been monitored for 12 different substrates, like quinolines, pyridines, and pyrimidines. All the COFs showcase moderate-to-high yields (up to 96%) depending upon the substrate's molecular functionality. High crystallinity, a large surface area, a low band gap, and a suitable band position result in the highest catalytic activity of TpAzo COF. The thorough mechanistic investigation further highlights the crucial role of light-harvesting capacity, charge separation efficiency, and current density during catalysis. The light absorbance capacity of the COF plays a critical role during catalysis as yields are maximized near the COF's absorption maxima. The high photostability of the as-synthesized COFs offers their reusability for several (>5) catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Basak
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, Kolkata 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, Kolkata 741246, India
| | - Suvendu Karak
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, Kolkata 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, Kolkata 741246, India
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, Kolkata 741246, India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohanpur, Kolkata 741246, India
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7
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Parvatkar PT, Kandambeth S, Shaikh AC, Nadinov I, Yin J, Kale VS, Healing G, Emwas AH, Shekhah O, Alshareef HN, Mohammed OF, Eddaoudi M. A Tailored COF for Visible-Light Photosynthesis of 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5074-5082. [PMID: 36827417 PMCID: PMC9999419 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysis is considered as an ecofriendly and sustainable approach for addressing energy and environmental persisting issues. Recently, heterogeneous photocatalysts based on covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained considerable attention due to their remarkable performance and recyclability in photocatalytic organic transformations, offering a prospective alternative to homogeneous photocatalysts based on precious metal/organic dyes. Herein, we report Hex-Aza-COF-3 as a metal-free, visible-light-activated, and reusable heterogeneous photocatalyst for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans, as a pharmaceutically relevant structural motif, via the selective oxidative [3+2] cycloaddition of phenols with olefins. Moreover, we demonstrate the synthesis of natural products (±)-conocarpan and (±)-pterocarpin via the [3+2] cycloaddition reaction as an important step using Hex-Aza-COF-3 as a heterogeneous photocatalyst. Interestingly, the presence of phenazine and hexaazatriphenylene as rigid heterocyclic units in Hex-Aza-COF-3 strengthens the covalent linkages, enhances the absorption in the visible region, and narrows the energy band, leading to excellent activity, charge transport, stability, and recyclability in photocatalytic reactions, as evident from theoretical calculations and real-time information on ultrafast spectroscopic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash T Parvatkar
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharath Kandambeth
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aslam C Shaikh
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Issatay Nadinov
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jun Yin
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077 Hong Kong People's Republic of China
| | - Vinayak S Kale
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - George Healing
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Laboratories, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Shekhah
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam N Alshareef
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar F Mohammed
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Eddaoudi
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Division of Physical Science and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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8
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Pang H, Huang D, Zhu Y, Zhao X, Xiang Y. One-pot cascade construction of nonsubstituted quinoline-bridged covalent organic frameworks. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1543-1550. [PMID: 36794200 PMCID: PMC9906769 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06044b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Irreversible locking of imine linkages into stable linkages represents a promising strategy to improve the robustness and functionality of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). We report, for the first time, a multi-component one-pot reaction (OPR) for imine annulation to construct highly stable nonsubstituted quinoline-bridged COFs (NQ-COFs), and that equilibrium regulation of reversible/irreversible cascade reactions by addition of MgSO4 desiccant is crucial to achieve high conversion efficiency and crystallinity. The higher long-range order and surface area of NQ-COFs synthesized by this OPR than those of the reported two-step post-synthetic modification (PSM) facilitate charge carrier transfer and photogeneration ability of superoxide radicals (O2˙-), which makes these NQ-COFs more efficient photocatalysts for O2˙- mediated synthesis of 2-benzimidazole derivatives. The general applicability of this synthetic strategy is demonstrated by fabricating 12 other crystalline NQ-COFs with a diversity of topologies and functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaji Pang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China .,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University 430070 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Dekang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China .,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University 430070 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China .,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University 430070 Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 China .,College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University 430070 Wuhan P. R. China
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9
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Jati A, Dey K, Nurhuda M, Addicoat MA, Banerjee R, Maji B. Dual Metalation in a Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework for Photocatalytic C-N Cross-Coupling Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7822-7833. [PMID: 35446576 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising hosts in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we report a dual metalation strategy in a single two-dimensional-COF TpBpy for performing a variety of C-N cross-coupling reactions. [Ir(ppy)2(CH3CN)2]PF6 [ppy = 2-phenylpyridine], containing two labile CH3CN groups, and NiCl2 are used as iridium and nickel-metal precursors, respectively, for postsynthetic decoration of the TpBpy COF. Moving from the traditional approach, we focus on the COF-backbone host for visible-light-mediated nickel-catalyzed C-N coupling reactions. The controlled metalation and recyclability without deactivation of both catalytic centers are unique with respect to previously reported coupling strategies. We performed various photoluminescence, electrochemical, kinetic, and Hammett correlation studies to understand the salient features of the catalyst and reaction mechanism. Furthermore, theoretical calculations delineated the feasibility of electron transfer from the Ir center to the Ni center inside the confined pore of the TpBpy COF. The dual metal anchoring within the COF backbone prevented nickel-black formation. The developed protocol enables selective and reproducible coupling of a diverse range of amines (aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl), carbamides, and sulfonamides with electron-rich, neutral, and poor (hetero) aryl iodides up to 94% isolated yield. The reaction can also be performed on a gram scale. Furthermore, to establish the practical implementation of this approach, we have applied the synthetic strategy for the late-stage diversification of the derivatives of ibuprofen, naproxen, gemfibrozil, helional, and amino acids. The methodology could also be applied to synthesize pharmacophore N,5-diphenyloxazol-2-amine and Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs, including flufenamic acid, flibanserin, and tripelennamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Jati
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Kaushik Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Maryam Nurhuda
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, NG11 8NS Nottingham, U.K
| | - Matthew A Addicoat
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, NG11 8NS Nottingham, U.K
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
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10
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Yang F, Qu HY, Guo Y, Kan JL, Dong YB. Boosting the photocatalytic performance via isomeric configuration design in covalent organic frameworks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13210-13213. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04935j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BT-COF1 and BT-COF2 with identical chemical formula but isomeric configurations were synthesized. BT-COF2 with broader absorption range and more evident charge transfer property exhibits superior photocatalytic activity in the oxidation of sulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Qu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Guo
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jing-Lan Kan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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