1
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Zhou WL, Wu YG, Wang S, Zhang R, Wang LH, Liu J, Xu X. Laponite-activated AIE supramolecular assembly with modulating multicolor luminescence for logic digital encryption and perfluorinated pollutant detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 258:116343. [PMID: 38718636 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the non-covalently activated supramolecular scaffold method has become a prominent research area in the field of intelligent materials. Here, the inorganic clay (LP) promoted the AIE properties of 4,4',4″,4‴-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayltetrakis(benzene-4,1-diyl))tetrakis(1-ethylpyridin-1-ium) (P-TPE), showing an astonishing 42-fold enhancement of the emission intensity of the yellow-green luminescence and a 34-fold increase of the quantum yield via organic-inorganic supramolecular strategy as well as the efficient light-harvesting properties (energy transfer efficiency up to 33 %) after doping with the dye receptor Rhodamine B. Furthermore, the full-color spectral regulation, including white light, was achieved by adjusting the ratio of the donor to the acceptor component and co-assembling with the carbon dots (CD). Interestingly, this TPE-based non-covalently activated full-color supramolecular light-harvesting system (LHS) could be achieved not only in aqueous media but also in the hydrogel and the solid state. More importantly, this panchromatic tunable supramolecular LHS exhibited the multi-mode and quadruple digital logic encryption property as well as the specific detection ability towards the perfluorobutyric acid and the perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, which are harmful to human health in drinking water. This result develops a simple, convenient and effective approach for the intelligent anti-counterfeiting and the pollutant sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Nature Products and Synthesis for Functional Molecules, Innovation Team of Optical Functional Molecular Devices, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Ga Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Nature Products and Synthesis for Functional Molecules, Innovation Team of Optical Functional Molecular Devices, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Nature Products and Synthesis for Functional Molecules, Innovation Team of Optical Functional Molecular Devices, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Wang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinglin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Nature Products and Synthesis for Functional Molecules, Innovation Team of Optical Functional Molecular Devices, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Panda SK, De A, Banerjee S. Room-temperature phosphorescence from organic materials in aqueous media. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:796-829. [PMID: 38837372 DOI: 10.1111/php.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, organic materials with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) features have gained significant attention due to their wide applications in the fields of bioimaging, light-harvesting materials, encryption technology, etc. Although several examples of organic RTP materials in the crystalline state and polymer-based systems have been reported in the last decade or so, achieving organic RTP in the solution phase, particularly in the aqueous phase has remained a challenging task. Herein in this review, we summarize the progress in this direction by highlighting design strategies based on supramolecular scaffolding and host-guest complexation and the applications of such aqueous organic RTP materials in bioimaging, sensing, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar Panda
- The Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, India
| | - Antara De
- The Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, India
| | - Supratim Banerjee
- The Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, Nadia, India
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3
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Chen Q, Qu L, Hou H, Huang J, Li C, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Chen X, Zhou Q, Yang Y, Yang C. Long lifetimes white afterglow in slightly crosslinked polymer systems. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2947. [PMID: 38580680 PMCID: PMC10997626 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic polymer room-temperature phosphorescence (IPRTP) materials have attracted considerable attention for application in flexible electronics, information encryption, lighting displays, and other fields due to their excellent processabilities and luminescence properties. However, achieving multicolor long-lived luminescence, particularly white afterglow, in undoped polymers is challenging. Herein, we propose a strategy of covalently coupling different conjugated chromophores with poly(acrylic acid (AA)-AA-N-succinimide ester) (PAA-NHS) by a simple and rapid one-pot reaction to obtain pure polymers with long-lived RTPs of various colors. Among these polymers, the highest phosphorescence quantum yield of PAPHE reaches 14.7%. Furthermore, the afterglow colors of polymers can be modulated from blue to red by introducing three chromophores into them. Importantly, the acquired polymer TPAP-514 exhibits a white afterglow at room temperature with the chromaticity coordinates (0.33, 0.33) when the ratio of chromophores reaches a suitable value owing to the three-primary-color mechanism. Systematic studies prove that the emission comes from the superposition of different triplet excited states of the three components. Moreover, the potential applications of the obtained polymers in light-emitting diodes and dynamic anti-counterfeiting are explored. The proposed strategy provides a new idea for constructing intrinsic polymers with diverse white-light emission RTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Lunjun Qu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Hui Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Jiayue Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yongkang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Chaolong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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4
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Zhou J, Gu J, Sun X, Ye Q, Wu X, Xi J, Han J, Liu Y. Supramolecular Chiral Binding Affinity-Achieved Efficient Synergistic Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308493. [PMID: 38380492 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular chirality-mediated selective interaction among native assemblies is essential for precise disease diagnosis and treatment. Herein, to fully understand the supramolecular chiral binding affinity-achieved therapeutic efficiency, supramolecular chiral nanoparticles (WP5⊃D/L-Arg+DOX+ICG) with the chirality transfer from chiral arginine (D/L-Arg) to water-soluble pillar[5]arene (WP5) are developed through non-covalent interactions, in which an anticancer drug (DOX, doxorubicin hydrochloride) and a photothermal agent (ICG, indocyanine green) are successfully loaded. Interestingly, the WP5⊃D-Arg nanoparticles show 107 folds stronger binding capability toward phospholipid-composed liposomes compared with WP5⊃L-Arg. The enantioselective interaction further triggers the supramolecular chirality-specific drug accumulation in cancer cells. As a consequence, WP5⊃D-Arg+DOX+ICG exhibits extremely enhanced chemo-photothermal synergistic therapeutic efficacy (tumor inhibition rate of 99.4%) than that of WP5⊃L-Arg+DOX+ICG (tumor inhibition rate of 56.4%) under the same condition. This work reveals the breakthrough that supramolecular chiral assemblies can induce surprisingly large difference in cancer therapy, providing strong support for the significance of supramolecular chirality in bio-application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Jiake Gu
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohuan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Qianyun Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Juqun Xi
- School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Jie Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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5
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Massaro M, Cinà G, Borrego-Sánchez A, Sainz-Díaz CI, Viseras-Iborra C, Sánchez-Espejo R, de Melo Barbosa R, Leone F, Pibiri I, Noto R, Riela S. Thixotropic Hydrogels Based on Laponite® and Cucurbituril for Delivery of Lipophilic Drug Molecules. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300370. [PMID: 37767728 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays the use of hydrogels for biomedical purposes is increasing because of their interesting features that allow the development of targeted drug delivery systems. Herein, hydrogel based on Laponite® (Lap) clay mineral as gelator and cucurbit[6]uril (CB[6]) molecules were synthetized for the delivery of flufenamic acid (FFA) for potential topical application. Firstly, the interaction between CB[6] and FFA was assessed by UV-vis spectroscopic measurements and molecular modeling calculations. Then, the obtained complex was used as filler for Lap hydrogel (Lap/CB[6]/FFA). The properties of the hydrogel in terms of viscosity and, self-repair abilities were investigated; its morphology was imaged by scanning electron and polarized optical microscopies. Furthermore, the changes in the hydrodynamic radii and in the colloidal stability of CB[6]/Lap mixture were investigated in terms of translational diffusion from dynamic light scattering and ζ-potential measurements. Finally, the kinetic in vitro release of FFA, from Lap/CB[6]/FFA hydrogel, was studied in a medium mimicking the pH of skin and the obtained results were discussed both by an experimental point of view and by molecular modeling calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Massaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze, Ed. 17 "Stanislao Cannizzaro", 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cinà
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze, Ed. 17 "Stanislao Cannizzaro", 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ana Borrego-Sánchez
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - C Ignacio Sainz-Díaz
- Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas- Universidad de Granada (CSIC-UGR), Av. de las Palmeras, 4, 18100-Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - César Viseras-Iborra
- Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas- Universidad de Granada (CSIC-UGR), Av. de las Palmeras, 4, 18100-Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Rita Sánchez-Espejo
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel de Melo Barbosa
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Federica Leone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze, Ed. 17 "Stanislao Cannizzaro", 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ivana Pibiri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze, Ed. 17 "Stanislao Cannizzaro", 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Renato Noto
- University of Palermo, V.le delle Scienze, Ed. 17 "Stanislao Cannizzaro", 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Riela
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, University of Catania, Via A. Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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6
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Dai XY, Huo M, Liu Y. Phosphorescence resonance energy transfer from purely organic supramolecular assembly. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:854-874. [PMID: 37993737 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence energy transfer systems have been applied in encryption, biomedical imaging and chemical sensing. These systems exhibit ultra-large Stokes shifts, high quantum yields and are colour-tuneable with long-wavelength afterglow fluorescence (particularly in the near-infrared) under ambient conditions. This review discusses triplet-to-singlet PRET or triplet-to-singlet-to-singlet cascaded PRET systems based on macrocyclic or assembly-confined purely organic phosphorescence introducing the critical toles of supramolecular noncovalent interactions in the process. These interactions promote intersystem crossing, restricting the motion of phosphors, minimizing non-radiative decay and organizing donor-acceptor pairs in close proximity. We discuss the applications of these systems and focus on the challenges ahead in facilitating their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
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7
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Kongasseri AA, Ansari SN, Garain S, Wagalgave SM, George SJ. Revisiting organic charge-transfer cocrystals for wide-range tunable, ambient phosphorescence. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12548-12553. [PMID: 38020368 PMCID: PMC10646860 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple and efficient designs that enable a wide range of phosphorescence emission in organic materials have ignited scientific interest across diverse fields. One particularly promising approach is the cocrystallization strategy, where organic cocrystals are ingeniously formed through relatively weaker and dynamic non-covalent interactions. In our present study, we push the boundaries further by extending this cocrystal strategy to incorporate donor-acceptor components, stabilized by various halogen bonding interactions. This non-covalent complexation triggers ambient, charge-transfer phosphorescence (3CT), which can be precisely tuned across a broad spectrum by a modular selection of components with distinct electronic characteristics. At the core of our investigation lies the electron-deficient phosphor, pyromellitic diimide, which, upon complexation with different donors based on their electron-donating strength, manifests a striking array of phosphorescence emission from CT triplet states, spanning from green to yellow to reddish orange accompanied by noteworthy quantum yields. Through a systematic exploration of the electronic properties using spectroscopic studies and molecular organization through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, we decisively establish the molecular origin of the observed phosphorescence. Notably, our work presents, for the first time, an elegant demonstration of tunable 3CT phosphorescence emission in intermolecular donor-acceptor systems, highlighting their immense significance in the quest for efficient organic phosphors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Ajayan Kongasseri
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Shagufi Naz Ansari
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Swadhin Garain
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Sopan M Wagalgave
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Subi J George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
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8
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Yang X, Waterhouse GIN, Lu S, Yu J. Recent advances in the design of afterglow materials: mechanisms, structural regulation strategies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8005-8058. [PMID: 37880991 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Afterglow materials are attracting widespread attention owing to their distinctive and long-lived optical emission properties which create exciting opportunities in various fields. Recent research has led to the discovery of many new afterglow materials featuring high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) and lifetimes of up to several hours under ambient conditions. Afterglow materials are typically categorized according to their luminescence mechanism, such as long-persistent luminescence (LPL), room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), or thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Through rational design and novel synthetic strategies to modulate spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and populate triplet exciton states (T1), luminophores with long lifetimes and bright afterglow characteristics can be realized. Initial research towards afterglow materials focused mainly on pure inorganic materials, many of which possessed inherent disadvantages such as metal toxicity or low energy emissions. In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials (OIHAMs) have been developed with high PLQY and long lifetimes. These hybrid materials exploit the tunable structure and easy processing of organic molecules, as well as enhanced SOC and intersystem crossing (ISC) processes involving heavy atom dopants, to achieve excellent afterglow performance. In this review, we begin by briefly discussing the structure and composition of inorganic and organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including strategies for regulating their lifetime, PLQY and luminescence wavelength. The specific advantages of organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including low manufacturing costs, diverse molecular/electronic structures, tunable structures and optical properties, and compatibility with a variety of substrates, are emphasized. Subsequently, we discuss in detail the fundamental mechanisms used by afterglow materials, their classification, design principles, and end applications (including sensing, anticounterfeiting, and photoelectric devices, among others). Finally, existing challenges and promising future directions are discussed, laying a platform for the design of afterglow materials for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | | | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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9
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Chen XM, Chen X, Hou XF, Zhang S, Chen D, Li Q. Self-assembled supramolecular artificial light-harvesting nanosystems: construction, modulation, and applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1830-1852. [PMID: 36998669 PMCID: PMC10044677 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00934j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Artificial light-harvesting systems, an elegant way to capture, transfer and utilize solar energy, have attracted great attention in recent years. As the primary step of natural photosynthesis, the principle of light-harvesting systems has been intensively investigated, which is further employed for artificial construction of such systems. Supramolecular self-assembly is one of the feasible methods for building artificial light-harvesting systems, which also offers an advantageous pathway for improving light-harvesting efficiency. Many artificial light-harvesting systems based on supramolecular self-assembly have been successfully constructed at the nanoscale with extremely high donor/acceptor ratios, energy transfer efficiency and the antenna effect, which manifests that self-assembled supramolecular nanosystems are indeed a viable way for constructing efficient light-harvesting systems. Non-covalent interactions of supramolecular self-assembly provide diverse approaches to improve the efficiency of artificial light-harvesting systems. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in artificial light-harvesting systems based on self-assembled supramolecular nanosystems. The construction, modulation, and applications of self-assembled supramolecular light-harvesting systems are presented, and the corresponding mechanisms, research prospects and challenges are also briefly highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Man Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Xiao-Fang Hou
- Key Lab of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Dongzhong Chen
- Key Lab of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Quan Li
- Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute and Materials Science Graduate Program, Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA
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10
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Jia PP, Hu YX, Peng ZY, Song B, Zeng ZY, Ling QH, Zhao X, Xu L, Yang HB. Construction of an Artificial Light-Harvesting System with Efficient Photocatalytic Activity in an Aqueous Solution Based on a FRET-Featuring Metallacage. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1950-1957. [PMID: 35939800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the design and construction of high-efficiency artificial light-harvesting systems (LHSs) involving multistep fluorescence-resonance energy transfer (FRET) processes have gradually received considerable attention within wide fields ranging from supramolecular chemistry to chemical biology and even materials science. Herein, through coordination-driven self-assembly, a novel tetragonal prismatic metallacage featuring a FRET process using tetraphenylethene (TPE) units as donors and BODIPY units as acceptors has been conveniently synthesized. Subsequently, taking advantage of supramolecular hydrophobic interactions, a promising artificial LHS involving two-step FRET processes from TPE to BODIPY and then to Nile Red (NiR) has been successfully fabricated in an aqueous solution using the FRET-featuring metallacage, NiR, and an amphiphilic polymer (mPEG-DSPE). Notably, this obtained aqueous LHS exhibits highly efficient photocatalytic activity in the dehalogenation of a bromoacetophenone derivate. This study provides a unique strategy for fabricating artificial LHSs in aqueous solutions with multistep FRET processes and further promotes the future development of mimicking the photosynthesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Xiong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Bo Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hui Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.,Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Wuhu 241001, P. R. China
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11
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Okuno M, Yamana K, Kawasaki R, Konishi Y, Ono T, Ishi-i T, Ikeda A. Aqueous solutions with information on solids: room-temperature phosphorescence of polysaccharide-benzophenone complexes. RSC Adv 2023; 13:3528-3533. [PMID: 36756551 PMCID: PMC9891091 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra08205e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzophenone and its derivatives emit crystallization-induced phosphorescence despite their simple structures. To easily modify their phosphorescence properties, we prepared phosphorescence-emitting aqueous solutions of polysaccharide-benzophenone and polysaccharide-4,4'-difluorobenzophenone complexes, which exhibit excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Okuno
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University1-4-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima739-8527Japan
| | - Keita Yamana
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University1-4-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima739-8527Japan
| | - Riku Kawasaki
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University1-4-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima739-8527Japan
| | - Yuto Konishi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University744 Motooka, Nishi-kuFukuoka819-0395Japan
| | - Toshikazu Ono
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University744 Motooka, Nishi-kuFukuoka819-0395Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ishi-i
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Kurume College1-1-1 KomorinoKurume830-8555Japan
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Applied Chemistry Program, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University1-4-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima739-8527Japan
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12
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Xue ZY, Yu JL, Xia QQ, Zhu YQ, Wu MX, Liu X, Wang XH. Color-Tunable Binary Copolymers Manipulated by Intramolecular Aggregation and Hydrogen Bonding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:53359-53369. [PMID: 36383092 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Construction of color-tunable luminescent polymeric materials with enhanced emission intensity and room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) performance regulated by a single chromophore component is highly desirable in the scope of photoluminescent materials. Herein, a set of binary copolymers were facilely synthesized using free radical polymerization by selecting different types of polymer matrix and N-substituted naphthalimides (NPA) as chromophores. Surprisingly, the fluorescence emission of copolymers could be remarkably enhanced, because of the intramolecular aggregation of NPA manipulated by a single polymer chain in both solution and solid state. Moreover, RTP signals of binary copolymers were all clearly observed in the air without any processing procedure, because of the embedding of phosphors into hydrogen bonding networks after copolymerization with vinyl-based acrylamide monomers. Taking advantages of the synergistic effect of copolymerization-induced aggregation and copolymerization-induced rigidification to promote optical performance, UV stimulus-responsive luminescent polymer films with processability, flexibility, and adjustable emission wavelength were simply prepared using a drop-casting method in large scale, the setting of which is the basis for application in the fields of organic optoelectronics, information security, and bioimaging/sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Lin Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Qing Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Huo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
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13
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Dai XY, Huo M, Dong X, Hu YY, Liu Y. Noncovalent Polymerization-Activated Ultrastrong Near-Infrared Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Energy Transfer Assembly in Aqueous Solution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203534. [PMID: 35771589 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent macrocycle-confined supramolecular purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is a current research hotspot. Herein, a high-efficiency noncovalent polymerization-activated near-infrared (NIR)-emissive RTP-harvesting system in aqueous solution based on the stepwise confinement of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and β-cyclodextrin-grafted hyaluronic acid (HACD), is reported. Compared with the dodecyl-chain-bridged 6-bromoisoquinoline derivative (G), the dumbbell-shaped assembly G⊂CB[7] presents an appeared complexation-induced RTP signal at 540 nm via the first confinement of CB[7]. Subsequently, benefitting from the stepwise confinement encapsulation of the β-cyclodextrin cavity, the subsequent noncovalent polymerization of the binary G⊂CB[7] assembly enabled by HACD can contribute to the further-enhanced RTP emission intensity approximately eight times in addition to an increased lifetime from 59.0 µs to 0.581 ms. Moreover, upon doping a small amount of two types of organic dyes, Nile blue or tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)porphyrin as an acceptor into the supramolecular confinement assembly G⊂CB[7] @ HACD, efficient RTP energy transfer occurs accompanied by a long-lived NIR-emitting performance (680 and 710 nm) with a high donor/acceptor ratio. Intriguingly, the prepared RTP-harvesting system is successfully applied for targeted NIR imaging of living tumor cells by utilizing the targeting ability of hyaluronic acid, which provides a new strategy to create advanced water-soluble NIR phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Dong
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Yang Hu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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14
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Huo M, Dai X, Liu Y. Ultralarge Stokes Shift Phosphorescence Artificial Harvesting Supramolecular System with Near-Infrared Emission. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201523. [PMID: 35652258 PMCID: PMC9353443 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A two-step sequential phosphorescence harvesting system with ultralarge Stokes shift and near-infrared (NIR) emission at 825 nm is successfully constructed by racemic 1,2-diaminocyclohexan-derived 6-bromoisoquinoline (BQ), cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), and amphipathic sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4AD) via cascaded assembly strategy in aqueous solution. In virtue of the confinement effect of CB[8] with rigid cavity, BQ can generate an emerging phosphorescent emission at 555 nm. Subsequently, the binary BQ⊂CB[8] further assemblies with SC4AD to form close-packed spherical aggregate, which contributes to the dramatic enhancement of phosphorescence emission intensity ≈30 times with prolonged lifetime from 21.3 µs to 0.364 ms. Notably, the BQ⊂CB[8]@SC4AD assembly can serve as an energy donor to conduct stepwise phosphorescence harvesting process through successive introduction of primary acceptors, cyanine 5 (Cy5) or nile blue (NiB), and secondary acceptor, heptamethine cyanine (IR780). The final aggregate with remarkable ultralarge Stokes shift (≈525 nm) and long-lived NIR photoluminescence (PL) emission at 825 nm is further employed as imaging agent for NIR cell labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Huo
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Xian‐Yin Dai
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
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15
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Liu Y, Zheng C, Yang B. Phosphorus and Nitrogen Codoped Carbonized Polymer Dots with Multicolor Room Temperature Phosphorescence for Anticounterfeiting Painting. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:8304-8311. [PMID: 35771763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Visible spectral afterglow materials offer unprecedented potential for a myriad of applications due to their long luminescence characteristics, but it is still insufficient to prepare matrix-free materials with multicolor afterglow including the blue color. In this study, we successfully developed phosphorus and nitrogen codoped carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with multicolor room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) including the blue color by microwave-assisted chemical reactions under different reaction time. After ceasing UV light, all four prepared CPDs were able to emit vivid RTP with a maximum absolute phosphorescence quantum yield (QY) of 59.41% and a maximum lifetime of about 1 s (yellow CPDs). With the increase of microwave reaction time, the RTP color of CPDs showed a gradual blue shift from yellow to blue. The reason why the RTP color of CPDs showed a gradual blue shift was the decrease of C═O units as the extension of the microwave reaction time. In view of their fascinating multicolor RTP properties, potential applications of the four CPDs in the field of anticounterfeiting painting were presented and demonstrated. This work would inspire other researchers to enrich multicolor afterglow materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Chengyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R. China
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16
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Dai XY, Zhang B, Yu Q, Liu Y. In Situ Coassembly Induced Mitochondrial Aggregation Activated Drug-Resistant Tumor Treatment. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7363-7370. [PMID: 35579431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Macrocyclic supramolecular coassembly is the current research hotspot for tumor treatment. Herein, we report a multivalent supramolecular coassembly strategy, which not only acquires long-time phosphorescent labeling of mitochondrial aggregation but also strongly enhances chemotherapeutic efficiency against drug-resistant tumors. The mitochondrial aggregation depends on cucurbit[8]uril-mediated cross-linkage of the hyaluronic acid polymer grafted by 4-bromophenylpyridium and mitochondrion-targeting peptide (HABMitP) residing on the mitochondria, taking advantage of the 2:1 homoternary host-guest complexation between cucurbit[8]uril and 4-bromophenylpyridium with an extraordinary binding constant (6.24 × 1012 M-2). In cisplatin-resistant MCF-7 tumor cells, the assembly induced mitochondrial aggregation substantially enhances the antitumor efficiency of cisplatin, with the ratio of apoptotic cells increasing from 43% to 96% compared to treatment with cisplatin alone, and thoroughly inhibits tumor growth in vivo. This study provides a novel way for biological phosphorescent imaging and treatment of drug-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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17
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Hybrid Macrocyclic Polymers: Self-Assembly Containing Cucurbit[m]uril-pillar[n]arene. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091777. [PMID: 35566949 PMCID: PMC9106019 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular self-assembly by hybrid macrocycles containing both cucurbit[m]uril (CB[m]) and pillar[n]arene was discussed and summarized in this review. Due to different solubility, diverse-sized cavities, and various driving forces in recognizing guests, the role of CB[m] and pillar[n]arene in such hybrid macrocyclic systems could switch between competitor in capturing specialized guests, and cooperator for building advanced hybridized macrocycles, by controlling their characteristics in host–guest inclusions. Furthermore, both CB[m] and pillar[n]arene were employed for fabricating advanced supramolecular self-assemblies such as mechanically interlocked molecules and supramolecular polymers. In those self-assemblies, CB[m] and pillar[n]arene played significant roles in, e.g., microreactor for catalyzing particular reactions to bridge different small pieces together, molecular “joint” to connect different monomers into larger assemblies, and “stabilizer” in accommodating the guest molecules to adopt a favorite structure geometry ready for assembling.
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18
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Zhou WL, Lin W, Chen Y, Liu Y. Supramolecular assembly confined purely organic room temperature phosphorescence and its biological imaging. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7976-7989. [PMID: 35919429 PMCID: PMC9278158 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01770a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purely organic room temperature phosphorescence, especially in aqueous solution, is attracting increasing attention owing to its large Stokes shift, long lifetime, low preparation cost, low toxicity, good processing performance advantages, and broad application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lei Zhou
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Nature Products and Synthesis for Functional Molecules, Innovation Team of Optical Functional Molecular Devices, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Lin
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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19
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Garain S, Ansari SN, Kongasseri AA, Chandra Garain B, Pati SK, George SJ. Room temperature charge-transfer phosphorescence from organic donor–acceptor Co-crystals. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10011-10019. [PMID: 36128227 PMCID: PMC9430718 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering the electronic excited state manifolds of organic molecules can give rise to various functional outcomes, including ambient triplet harvesting, that has received prodigious attention in the recent past. Herein, we introduce a modular, non-covalent approach to bias the entire excited state landscape of an organic molecule using tunable ‘through-space charge-transfer’ interactions with appropriate donors. Although charge-transfer (CT) donor–acceptor complexes have been extensively explored as functional and supramolecular motifs in the realm of soft organic materials, they could not imprint their potentiality in the field of luminescent materials, and it still remains as a challenge. Thus, in the present study, we investigate the modulation of the excited state emission characteristics of a simple pyromellitic diimide derivative on complexation with appropriate donor molecules of varying electronic characteristics to demonstrate the selective harvesting of emission from its locally excited (LE) and CT singlet and triplet states. Remarkably, co-crystallization of the pyromellitic diimide with heavy-atom substituted and electron-rich aromatic donors leads to an unprecedented ambient CT phosphorescence with impressive efficiency and notable lifetime. Further, gradual minimizing of the electron-donating strength of the donors from 1,4-diiodo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (or 1,2-diiodo-3,4,5,6-tetramethylbenzene) to 1,2-diiodo-4,5-dimethylbenzene and 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene modulates the source of ambient phosphorescence emission from the 3CT excited state to 3LE excited state. Through comprehensive spectroscopic, theoretical studies, and single-crystal analyses, we elucidate the unparalleled role of intermolecular donor–acceptor interactions to toggle between the emissive excited states and stabilize the triplet excitons. We envisage that the present study will be able to provide new and innovative dimensions to the existing molecular designs employed for triplet harvesting. A modular, non-covalent donor–acceptor strategy is proposed to bias the excited-state manifold of organic systems and to realize unprecedented charge-transfer phosphorescence.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Swadhin Garain
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Shagufi Naz Ansari
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Anju Ajayan Kongasseri
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Bidhan Chandra Garain
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Swapan K. Pati
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
| | - Subi J. George
- New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India
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