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Kaneda M, Cao T, Dong D, Zhang X, Chen Y, Zhang J, Bryantsev VS, Zhong M, Elimelech M. Inhibition of silica scaling with functional polymers: Role of ionic strength, divalent ions, and temperature. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121705. [PMID: 38776744 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
High concentrations of dissolved silica in saline industrial wastewaters and brines cause silica scale formation, significantly hampering the efficacy of diverse engineered systems. Applying functional polymers as scale inhibitors in process feedwater is a common strategy to mitigate silica scaling. However, feedwater characteristics often vary widely, depending on the specific processes, making the inhibition of silica scaling challenging and complex. In this study, we systematically investigate the role of ionic composition, specifically ionic strength and divalent ions, and solution temperature, in inhibiting silica scaling using molecularly designed amine/amide polymers. The inhibitor demonstrates effective stabilization of silicic acid, with inhibition efficiency of 74 and 55 % in the absence and presence of 20,000 ppm NaCl, respectively. However, further increasing the ionic strength of oversaturated silicic acid solutions significantly diminishes inhibition performance, rendering it ineffective at 180,000 ppm NaCl. Divalent inorganic cations exhibit a stronger impact on reducing inhibition efficiency compared to sodium ions. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal a competition mechanism between anionic silicic acid reactants (i.e., H3SiO4-) and chlorides for binding to ammonium groups within the polymeric inhibitor. Additionally, cations form clusters with H3SiO4- ions, hindering their stabilization with polymeric inhibitor. Notably, at elevated temperatures, the inhibitor achieves near-perfect inhibition for 500 ppm silicic acid solutions. This comprehensive assessment provides important insights into the effectiveness of silica scaling inhibitors under solution conditions relevant to real-world applications, addressing the challenges posed by varying solution parameters in diverse industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Kaneda
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA
| | - Tianchi Cao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Rd., Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Dengpan Dong
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA
| | | | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA; Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8286, USA.
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Zhao J, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhu Z, Zeng S, Yang G, Zhang S, Pan F, Jiang Z. Biomineralization-Inspired Synthesis of Hybrid COF Nanosheets toward Efficient Desalination Membranes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310566. [PMID: 38282104 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Synthesis of covalent organic framework nanosheets (CONs) with high aspect ratio is crucial to their assembly into advanced membranes. Nonetheless, the π-π stacking between covalent organic framework (COF) layers often leads to thick CONs. Herein, inspired by biomineralization process, a series of aspect ratio CONs >15 000 is synthesized by multifunctional polyelectrolytes which not only provide the nucleation sites for pre-assembly with COF monomer, but also suppress π-π interaction for anisotropic growth through protonation. The membrane assembled from CONs exhibited water permeance of 341 kg m-2 h-1 and salt rejection of 99.5% in desalination, outperforming ever-reported membranes. This method establishes a platform for the synthesis of crystalline nanosheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Zhao
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Ziting Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shichen Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guangzhaoyao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Sui Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Fusheng Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Design of hollow nanostructured photocatalysts for clean energy production. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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