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Basak R, Kozlowski R, Pugnaloni LA, Kramar M, Socolar JES, Carlevaro CM, Kondic L. Evolution of force networks during stick-slip motion of an intruder in a granular material: Topological measures extracted from experimental data. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:054903. [PMID: 38115403 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.054903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In quasi-two-dimensional experiments with photoelastic particles confined to an annular region, an intruder constrained to move in a circular path halfway between the annular walls experiences stick-slip dynamics. We discuss the response of the granular medium to the driven intruder, focusing on the evolution of the force network during sticking periods. Because the available experimental data do not include precise information about individual contact forces, we use an approach developed in our previous work [Basak et al., J. Eng. Mech. 147, 04021100 (2021)0733-939910.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0002003] based on networks constructed from measurements of the integrated strain magnitude on each particle. These networks are analyzed using topological measures based on persistence diagrams, revealing that force networks evolve smoothly but in a nontrivial manner throughout each sticking period, even though the intruder and granular particles are stationary. Characteristic features of persistence diagrams show identifiable slip precursors. In particular, the number of generators describing the structure and complexity of force networks increases consistently before slips. Key features of the dynamics are similar for granular materials composed of disks or pentagons, but some details are consistently different. In particular, we find significantly larger fluctuations of the measures computed based on persistence diagrams and, therefore, of the underlying networks, for systems of pentagonal particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituparna Basak
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Ryan Kozlowski
- Department of Physics, College of the Holly Cross, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, USA
| | - Luis A Pugnaloni
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, CONICET, Uruguay 151, 6300 Santa Rosa (La Pampa), Argentina
| | - M Kramar
- Department of Mathematics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, USA
| | - Joshua E S Socolar
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - C Manuel Carlevaro
- Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos, CONICET, 59 789, 1900 La Plata, Argentina and and Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional La Plata, Av. 60 Esquina 124, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - Lou Kondic
- Department of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Applied Mathematics and Statistics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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Pugnaloni LA, Carlevaro CM, Kozlowski R, Zheng H, Kondic L, Socolar JES. Universal features of the stick-slip dynamics of an intruder moving through a confined granular medium. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:L042902. [PMID: 35590619 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.l042902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Experiments and simulations of an intruder dragged by a spring through a two-dimensional annulus of granular material exhibit robust force fluctuations. At low packing fractions (ϕ<ϕ_{0}), the intruder clears an open channel. Above ϕ_{0}, stick-slip dynamics develop, with an average energy release that is independent of the particle-particle and particle-base friction coefficients but does depend on the width W of the annulus and the diameter D of the intruder. A simple model predicts the dependence of ϕ_{0} on W and D, allowing for a data collapse for the average energy release as a function of ϕ/ϕ_{0}. These results pose challenges for theories of mechanical failure in amorphous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Pugnaloni
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, CONICET, Uruguay 151, 6300 Santa Rosa (La Pampa), Argentina
| | - C Manuel Carlevaro
- Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos, CONICET, 59 789, 1900 La Plata, Argentina and Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Facultad Regional La Plata, Avenida 60 Esquina 124, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ryan Kozlowski
- Physics Department, Berea College, Berea, Kentucky 40404, USA
| | - Hu Zheng
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lou Kondic
- Department of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Applied Mathematics and Statistics, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Joshua E S Socolar
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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Fazelpour F, Tang Z, Daniels KE. The effect of grain shape and material on the nonlocal rheology of dense granular flows. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1435-1442. [PMID: 35080563 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nonlocal rheologies allow for the modeling of granular flows from the creeping to intermediate flow regimes, using a small number of parameters. In this paper, we report on experiments testing how particle properties affect the model parameters used in the Kamrin & Koval cooperative nonlocal model, using particles of three different shapes (circles, ellipses, and pentagons) and three different materials, including one which allows for the measurement of stresses via photoelasticity. Our experiments are performed on a quasi-2D annular shear cell with a rotating inner wall and a fixed outer wall. Each type of particle is found to exhibit flows which are well-fit by nonlocal rheology, with each particle having a distinct triad of the local, nonlocal, and frictional parameters. While the local parameter b is always approximately unity, the nonlocal parameter A depends sensitively on both the particle shape and material. The critical stress ratio μs, above which Coulomb failure occurs, varies for particles with the same material but different shape, indicating that geometric friction can dominate over material friction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Fazelpour
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Zhu Tang
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Karen E Daniels
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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