1
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Wang Z. Photocatalytic difunctionalization of arylalkenes with quinoxalinones and dialkyl dithiophosphoric acids. Org Biomol Chem 2024. [PMID: 39364653 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob01337a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Here, a photocatalytic three-component reaction between arylalkenes, quinoxalinones and dialkyl dithiophosphoric acids was developed. This protocol allows the simultaneous incorporation of heterocyclic and dithiophosphoryl groups into a single molecule structure efficiently. These functionalities are important precursors in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang 473061, China.
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2
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Wu L, Wang Z, Qiao Y, Xie L, Wang Q. Photoexcited nitroarenes for alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:11311-11314. [PMID: 39295587 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc04315d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
A straightforward method for the dehydrogenative alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with alkylbenzenes has been developed, facilitated by a photoexcited nitroarene. The reaction's success hinges on the dual role of the photoexcited nitroarene molecule, acting as both a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reagent and an oxidant. This technique is both atom-economical and cost-effective, due to the readily available nitroarene, which serves as the sole intermediary in the reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaoxue Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanling Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Food Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Wan X, Huang H, Deng Y, Yuan Y, Deng GJ. Chemoselective Hydroheteroarylation of Alkenes via Photoredox-Neutral Proton- and BF 3-Mediated Electron Transfer. Org Lett 2024; 26:7707-7712. [PMID: 39196813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we have developed a complementary entry to enable hydroheteroarylation of alkenes involving basically photoredox dearomatizative heterocyclic carbon radical formation through acid-coupled electron transfer followed by Giese addition. While protonic solvent and thiophenol additive enabled two molecular hydroheteroarylations of alkenes, the nonproton environment with BF3 altered the chemoselectivity over cascade hydroheteroarylation of alkenes by radical addition of heteroaromatics with two molecular alkenes. This chemoselectivity can be mechanistically attributed to the dynamically favored hydrogen atom transfer via the cyclic transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Wan
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Huawen Huang
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yujie Deng
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Yuezhou Yuan
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
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4
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Wang L, Yang P, Yuan J, Lian W, Jin X, Zhang S, Yang L, Xing D. Visible-Light-Promoted Deoxygenative Alkylation of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones with Activated Alcohols. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6334-6344. [PMID: 38616699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
A one-pot strategy for deoxygenative alkylation of alcohols with quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones was developed by using xanthate salts as alcohol-activating groups for radical generation in the presence of tricyclohexylphosphine under visible-light-promoted conditions. The remarkable features of this reaction include a broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, mild conditions, and simple operation. Moreover, the synthetic utility of this reaction was validated by the success of two-step one-pot reactions, scale-up synthesis, and chemoselective radical monodeoxygenation of diols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jinwei Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xinrong Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Sanyu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Liangru Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Xing
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
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5
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Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Liu J, Zhou C, Wang M, Li P. Radical relay cyclization/C-C bond formation of allyloxy-tethered aryl iodides with quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones via polysulfide anion photocatalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1708-1713. [PMID: 38315045 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01978k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced radical relay cyclization/C-C bond formation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with allyloxy-tethered aryl iodides using polysulfide anions as a photocatalyst is described. This protocol allows efficient access to a variety of complicated molecules bearing both quinoxalin-2(1H)-one and 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran motifs in high yields under mild reaction conditions with a broad range of substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, 318000, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
| | - Yaqin Zhou
- Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, 318000, P. R. China.
| | - Jiehui Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, 318000, P. R. China.
| | - Yicheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, Zhejiang, 318000, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
| | - Chao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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6
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Wang H, Liu R, Sun Q, Xu K. Direct alkylation of quinoxalinones with electron-deficient alkenes enabled by a sequential paired electrolysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12763-12766. [PMID: 37812023 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04356h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The metal-free alkylation of N-heterocycles with alkenes has remained a synthetic challenge. We report here the successful implementation of metal-free alkylation of quinoxalinones with electron-deficient alkenes enabled by a sequential paired electrolysis. This protocol provides a mechanistically distinct approach to prepare a variety of C-3 alkylated quinoxalinones that are otherwise quite difficult to synthesize by other means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Ruoyu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Kun Xu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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7
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Livshits MY, Wolford NJ, Banh JK, MacInnes MM, Greer SM, Vellore Winfred JSR, Hanson K, Gompa TP, Stein BW. Exploring Differences in Lanthanide Excited State Reactivity Using a Simple Example: The Photophysics of La and Ce Thenoyltrifluoroacetone Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13712-13721. [PMID: 37573578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
A series of four lanthanide thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) complexes consisting of two f0 (La3+ and Ce4+) and two f1 (Ce3+) complexes was examined using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. The wide range of spectroscopic techniques presented herein have enabled us to discern the nature of the excited states (charge transfer, CT vs ligand localized, LL) as well as construct a Jablonski diagram for detailing the excited state reactivity within the series of molecules. The wavelength and excitation power dependence for these series of complexes are the first direct verification for the presence of simultaneous competing, noninteracting CT and LL excited states. Additionally, a computational framework is described that can be used to support spectroscopic assignments as a guide for future studies. Finally, the relationship between the obtained photophysics and possible photochemical separation mechanisms is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Y Livshits
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Nikki J Wolford
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Jenny K Banh
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Molly M MacInnes
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Samuel M Greer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - J S R Vellore Winfred
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Kenneth Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Thaige P Gompa
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Benjamin W Stein
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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8
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Bhanja R, Bera SK, Mal P. Regioselective synthesis of phenanthridine-fused quinazolinones using a 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium perchlorate photocatalyst. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4455-4458. [PMID: 36943717 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00537b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate a regioselective intramolecular C-N cross-coupling for the synthesis of 14H-quinazolino[3,2-f]phenanthridin-14-one by using 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium perchlorate as the visible-light (450-470 nm) photocatalyst. The experiments with BHT, TEMPO, and Stern-Volmer quenching studies helped to rationalize a radical pathway via a SET mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalin Bhanja
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India.
| | - Shyamal Kanti Bera
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India.
| | - Prasenjit Mal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, PO Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via Jatni, District Khurda, Odisha 752050, India.
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9
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Bisoyi A, Tripathy AR, Yedase GS, P SS, Choudhury U, Yatham VR. Photoinduced Decarboxylative C3-H Alkylation of Quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2631-2641. [PMID: 36734694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, catalyst- and additive-free, visible-light-driven radical C3-H alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives has been developed. This reaction utilizes alkyl-NHP-esters as an alkyl radical donor and quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives as an alkyl radical acceptor. The operationally simple protocol works under mild reaction conditions and tolerates a variety of functional groups. Furthermore, the synthetic utility of the methodology was successfully implemented for synthesizing biologically relevant C3-alkyl substituted quinoxalin-2(1H)-one derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Bisoyi
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Alisha Rani Tripathy
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Girish Suresh Yedase
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Shifana Sinu P
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Udita Choudhury
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
| | - Veera Reddy Yatham
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, India
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10
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Xu P, Su W, Ritter T. Decarboxylative sulfoximination of benzoic acids enabled by photoinduced ligand-to-copper charge transfer. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13611-13616. [PMID: 36507153 PMCID: PMC9682917 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05442f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfoximines are synthetically important scaffolds and serve important roles in drug discovery. Currently, there is no solution to decarboxylative sulfoximination of benzoic acids; although thoroughly investigated, limited substrate scope and harsh reaction conditions still hold back traditional thermal aromatic decarboxylative functionalization. Herein, we realize the first decarboxylative sulfoximination of benzoic acids via photo-induced ligand to copper charge transfer (copper-LMCT)-enabled decarboxylative carbometalation. The transformation proceeds under mild reaction conditions, has a broad substrate scope, and can be applied to late-stage functionalization of complex small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1D-45470 Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Wanqi Su
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1D-45470 Mülheim an der RuhrGermany,Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen UniversityLandoltweg 152074 AachenGermany
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Max-Planck-Institut für KohlenforschungKaiser-Wilhelm Platz 1D-45470 Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
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11
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Dagar N, Singh S, Raha Roy S. Synergistic Effect of Cerium in Dual Photoinduced Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer and Lewis Acid Catalysis: Diastereoselective Alkylation of Coumarins. J Org Chem 2022; 87:8970-8982. [PMID: 35759362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the dual role of cerium to promote the photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) process for the generation of the alkyl radical and subsequent Lewis acid catalysis to construct stereodefined C-C bonds. This paradigm utilized ubiquitous carboxylic acids as alkyl radical surrogates and offers excellent diastereoselectivity for the formation of C-4 alkylated coumarins in good to excellent yield. UV-vis spectroscopy studies in combination with in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are consistent with the proposed mechanism, supporting the participation of the CeIV-carboxylate complex in photoinduced LMCT and its subsequent homolysis to generate the alkyl radial through the exclusion of CO2. Finally, the oxophilicity of cerium enables a two-point complexation with the in situ generated enolate intermediate and facilitates the diastereoselective protonation to form the desired product. Furthermore, this mild and atom-economical catalytic manifolds allow the late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Dagar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sudipta Raha Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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12
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Xie D, Tian RG, Zhang XT, Tian SK. Copper-catalyzed C-3 benzylation of quinoxalin-2(1 H)-ones with benzylsulfonyl hydrazides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4518-4521. [PMID: 35604002 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00744d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented use of benzylsulfonyl hydrazides as benzylating agents has been demonstrated in the direct C-3 benzylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones. A range of benzylsulfonyl hydrazides participated in the C-3 benzylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with CuCN as the catalyst and DTBP as the oxidant, delivering structurally diverse 3-benzylquinoxalin-2(1H)-ones in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xie
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Ren-Gui Tian
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Xue-Ting Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
| | - Shi-Kai Tian
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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