1
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Zhang X, Zhang X, Liu D, Wang L, Wen G, Wang Y, Huang X. Advances in Carbon Microsphere-Based Nanomaterials for Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39194215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Carbon microspheres have indeed shown great promise as effective materials for absorbing electromagnetic waves, particularly in microwave applications. Their unique properties, such as high surface area, porosity, and electronic characteristics, make them ideal candidates for addressing the growing concerns around electromagnetic pollution from electronic devices. By leveraging the properties of these materials, we can work toward creating more efficient and sustainable electromagnetic wave absorption technologies. Recent efforts have focused on synthesizing and investigating carbon microsphere-based electromagnetic wave-absorbing nanomaterials with the ambition of achieving the desired attributes of being thin, light, wide, and robust. This Review first delves into the detailed mechanism of electromagnetic wave absorption, followed by an elucidation of the preparation methods for carbon microsphere-based nanomaterials. Furthermore, it systematically outlines the common methods and strategies employed to improve the microwave absorption capabilities of carbon microspheres, including chemical vapor deposition, emulsion polymerization, hydrothermal methods, and template methods. Lastly, it outlines the challenges encountered by carbon microsphere-based electromagnetic wave absorption nanomaterials and outlines their prospects, mainly morphology change, component hybridization, and elemental doping. This Review aims to provide valuable insights into the creation of carbon microsphere nanomaterials with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuji Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Xueqian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Dongdong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Longxin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Guangwu Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Yishan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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2
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Hosford BM, Ramos W, Lamb JR. Combining photocontrolled-cationic and anionic-group-transfer polymerizations using a universal mediator: enabling access to two- and three-mechanism block copolymers. Chem Sci 2024; 15:13523-13530. [PMID: 39183918 PMCID: PMC11339941 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02511c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
An ongoing challenge in polymer chemistry is accessing diverse block copolymers from multiple polymerization mechanisms and monomer classes. One strategy to accomplish this goal without intermediate compatibilization steps is the use of universal mediators. Thiocarbonyl thio (TCT) functional groups are well-known mediators to combine radical with either cationic or anionic polymerization, but a sequential cationic-anionic universal mediator system has never been reported. Herein, we report a TCT universal mediator that can sequentially perform photocontrolled cationic polymerization and thioacyl anionic group transfer polymerization to access poly(ethyl vinyl ether)-block-poly(thiirane) polymers for the first time. Thermal analyses of these block copolymers provide evidence of microphase separation. The success of this system, along with the established compatibility of radical polymerization, enabled us to further chain extend the cationic-anionic diblock using radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide. The resulting terpolymer represents the first example of a triblock made from three different monomer classes incorporated via three different mechanisms without any end-group modification steps. The development of this simple, sequential synthesis using a universal mediator approach opens up new possibilities by providing facile access to diverse block copolymers of vinyl ethers, thiiranes, and acrylamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon M Hosford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - William Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Jessica R Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 207 Pleasant Street SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
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3
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Yu L, Cui Y, Xing M, Sun Y, Li Z, Liu Y, Qu X, Chen S. Crystallization-Driven Controlled 2D Self-Assemblies via Aqueous RAFT Emulsion Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400549. [PMID: 39137300 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous emulsion polymerization is a robust technique for preparing nanoparticles of block copolymers; however, it typically yields spherical nanoassemblies. The scale preparation of nanoassemblies with nonspherical high-order morphologies is a challenge, particularly 2D core-shell nanosheets. In this study, the polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) are combined to demonstrate the preparation of 2D nanosheets and their aggregates via aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) emulsion polymerization. First, the crucial crystallizable component for CDSA, hydroxyethyl methacrylate polycaprolactone (HPCL) macromonomer is synthesized by ring opening polymerization (ROP). Subsequently, the RAFT emulsion polymerization of HPCL is conducted to generate crystallizable nanomicelles by a grafting-through approach. This PISA process simultaneously prepared spherical latices and bottlebrush block copolymers comprising poly(N',N'-dimethylacrylamide)-block-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate polycaprolactone) (PDMA-b-PHPCL). The latexes are now served as seeds for inducing the formation of 2D hexagonal nanosheets, bundle-shaped and flower-like aggregation via the CDSA of PHPCL segments and unreacted HPCL during cooling. Electron microscope analysis trace the morphology evolution of these 2D nanoparticles and reveal that an appropriate crystallized component of PHPCL blocks play a pivotal role in forming a hierarchical structure. This work demonstrates significant potential for large-scale production of 2D nanoassemblies through RAFT emulsion polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yuhong Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Mingxue Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yuemeng Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- Jinghua Plastics Industry Co. Ltd., Langfang, 065800, P. R. China
| | - Xiongwei Qu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Shengli Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
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4
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Clothier GKK, Guimarães TR, Thompson SW, Howard SC, Muir BW, Moad G, Zetterlund PB. Streamlining the Generation of Advanced Polymer Materials Through the Marriage of Automation and Multiblock Copolymer Synthesis in Emulsion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202320154. [PMID: 38400586 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202320154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are of paramount importance in modern life - an incredibly wide range of polymeric materials possessing an impressive variety of properties have been developed to date. The recent emergence of artificial intelligence and automation presents a great opportunity to significantly speed up discovery and development of the next generation of advanced polymeric materials. We have focused on the high-throughput automated synthesis of multiblock copolymers that comprise three or more distinct polymer segments of different monomer composition bonded in linear sequence. The present work has exploited automation to prepare high molar mass multiblock copolymers (typically>100,000 g mol-1) using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in aqueous emulsion. A variety of original multiblock copolymers have been synthesised via a Chemspeed robot, exemplified by a multiblock copolymer comprising thirteen constituent blocks. Moreover, libraries of copolymers of randomized monomer compositions (acrylates, acrylamides, methacrylates, and styrenes), block orders, and block lengths were also generated, thereby demonstrating the robustness of our synthetic approach. One multiblock copolymer contained all four monomer families listed in the pool, which is unprecedented in the literature. The present work demonstrates that automation has the power to render complex and laborious syntheses of such unprecedented materials not just possible, but facile and straightforward, thus representing the way forward to the next generation of complex macromolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn K K Clothier
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Thiago R Guimarães
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), CNRS (UMR 5629), ENSCPB, Université de Bordeaux, 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Steven W Thompson
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Shaun C Howard
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC, 3169, Australia
| | - Benjamin W Muir
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC, 3169, Australia
| | - Graeme Moad
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC, 3169, Australia
| | - Per B Zetterlund
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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5
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Carter MCD, Yin L, Barbon SM, Bremer M, Grigg D, Jing M, Michels K, Izmitli A, Backer S, Leal L, Abramo GP. Biodegradable Alkali-Swellable Emulsion Polymers: Industrial and Commercial Thickeners. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3823-3830. [PMID: 38773865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Sustainability and circularity are key issues facing the global polymer industry. The search for biodegradable and environmentally-friendly polymers that can replace conventional materials is a difficult challenge that has been met with limited success. Alternatives must be cost-effective, scalable, and provide equivalent performance. We report that latexes made by the conventional emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate and functional vinyl ester monomers are efficient thickeners for consumer products and biodegrade in wastewater. This approach uses readily-available starting materials and polymerization is carried out in water at room temperature, in one pot, and generates negligible waste. Moreover, the knowledge that poly(vinyl ester)s are biodegradable will lead to the design of new green polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C D Carter
- Dow Construction Chemicals, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Ligeng Yin
- Home & Personal Care, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Stephanie M Barbon
- Chemical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 633 Washington, Midland, Michigan 48642, United States
| | - Maelyn Bremer
- Chemical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 633 Washington, Midland, Michigan 48642, United States
| | - David Grigg
- Chemical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 633 Washington, Midland, Michigan 48642, United States
| | - Meng Jing
- Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Kathleen Michels
- Analytical Sciences, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Aslin Izmitli
- Home & Personal Care, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Scott Backer
- Home & Personal Care, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Lyndsay Leal
- Home & Personal Care, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Graham P Abramo
- Dow Plastics Additives, The Dow Chemical Company, 400 Arcola Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
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6
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Hu X, Yin R, Jeong J, Matyjaszewski K. Robust Miniemulsion PhotoATRP Driven by Red and Near-Infrared Light. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13417-13426. [PMID: 38691625 PMCID: PMC11099965 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Photoinduced polymerization techniques have gathered significant attention due to their mild conditions, spatiotemporal control, and simple setup. In addition to homogeneous media, efforts have been made to implement photopolymerization in emulsions as a practical and greener process. However, previous photoinduced reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) in heterogeneous media has relied on short-wavelength lights, which have limited penetration depth, resulting in slow polymerization and relatively poor control. In this study, we demonstrate the first example of a highly efficient photoinduced miniemulsion ATRP in the open air driven by red or near-infrared (NIR) light. This was facilitated by the utilization of a water-soluble photocatalyst, methylene blue (MB+). Irradiation by red/NIR light allowed for efficient excitation of MB+ and subsequent photoreduction of the ATRP deactivator in the presence of water-soluble electron donors to initiate and mediate the polymerization process. The NIR light-driven miniemulsion photoATRP provided a successful synthesis of polymers with low dispersity (1.09 ≤ Đ ≤ 1.29) and quantitative conversion within an hour. This study further explored the impact of light penetration on polymerization kinetics in reactors of varying sizes and a large-scale reaction (250 mL), highlighting the advantages of longer-wavelength light, particularly NIR light, for large-scale polymerization in dispersed media owing to its superior penetration. This work opens new avenues for robust emulsion photopolymerization techniques, offering a greener and more practical approach with improved control and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rongguan Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jaepil Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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7
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Lin C, Chen L, He Y, Xiang W, Nie Y, Cai B, Guo Z. Injectable, self-healing and degradable dynamic hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties and stability by thermal-induced micellization. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16207-16217. [PMID: 38769971 PMCID: PMC11103349 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02480j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamic hydrogels possessing injectable, degradable and self-healing abilities have attracted considerable attention in the biomedical field in recent years, but it is difficult to tune the mechanical properties and stability of conventional dynamic hydrogels. In this work, we synthesized ABA-triblock copolymers via RAFT polymerization, where the A block consisted of thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-diacetone acrylamide) and the B block was hydrophilic poly(acrylamide). Subsequently, dynamic hydrogels were obtained based on the acylhydrazone bonds between the triblock copolymers and adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH). The obtained hydrogels exhibited injectable and self-healable abilities. In response to the thermal-induced micellization of their temperature-responsive blocks, the mechanical strength of the hydrogels not only increased, but also they exhibited high stability even at pH 2.0. Moreover, the hydrogel in the stable state could be degraded by the fracture of its trithiocarbonate groups. In addition, the hydrogels exhibited good cytocompatibility and controlled release behavior for doxorubicin (DOX). Considering these attractive tunable properties, these dynamic hydrogels show various potential applications in the biomedical field, such as drug carriers and cell or tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Lin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 PR China
| | - Leniu Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 PR China
| | - Yuan He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 PR China
| | - Wenlong Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 PR China
| | - Yujing Nie
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 PR China
| | - Baixue Cai
- Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection Chongqing 401120 PR China
| | - Zanru Guo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environmental Science, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou 363000 PR China
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8
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Deane O, Mandrelier P, Musa OM, Jamali M, Fielding LA, Armes SP. Synthesis and Characterization of All-Acrylic Tetrablock Copolymer Nanoparticles: Waterborne Thermoplastic Elastomers via One-Pot RAFT Aqueous Emulsion Polymerization. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:2061-2075. [PMID: 38435050 PMCID: PMC10902817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c03115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) aqueous emulsion polymerization is used to prepare well-defined ABCB tetrablock copolymer nanoparticles via sequential monomer addition at 30 °C. The A block comprises water-soluble poly(2-(N-acryloyloxy)ethyl pyrrolidone) (PNAEP), while the B and C blocks comprise poly(t-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) and poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA), respectively. High conversions are achieved at each stage, and the final sterically stabilized spherical nanoparticles can be obtained at 20% w/w solids at pH 3 and at up to 40% w/w solids at pH 7. A relatively long PnBA block is targeted to ensure that the final tetrablock copolymer nanoparticles form highly transparent films on drying such aqueous dispersions at ambient temperature. The kinetics of polymerization and particle growth are studied using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy, while gel permeation chromatography analysis confirmed a high blocking efficiency for each stage of the polymerization. Differential scanning calorimetry and small-angle X-ray scattering studies confirm microphase separation between the hard PtBA and soft PnBA blocks, and preliminary mechanical property measurements indicate that such tetrablock copolymer films exhibit promising thermoplastic elastomeric behavior. Finally, it is emphasized that targeting an overall degree of polymerization of more than 1000 for such tetrablock copolymers mitigates the cost, color, and malodor conferred by the RAFT agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver
J. Deane
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Pierre Mandrelier
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
| | - Osama M. Musa
- Ashland
Specialty Ingredients, 1005 US 202/206, Bridgewater, New Jersey 08807, United States
| | - Mohammed Jamali
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Lee A. Fielding
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Henry
Royce Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K.
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9
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Shen T, Deng K, Chen Y, He Y, Zhu Y, Xu J, Ling J. Multiblock Poly-ε-Caprolactones: One-Step Synthesis toward Programmable Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300397. [PMID: 37821120 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Control of monomer sequence enables predictable structure-property relationships in versatile polymeric materials. The facile synthesis of multiblock copolymers (MBCPs) with controlled chain structure is highly challenging, particularly for those prepared via one-pot copolymerization of mixed monomers. Herein, poly-ε-caprolactone MBCPs, a series of thermoplastic elastomers with tailored thermal, mechanical, rheological, and degradable properties, are synthesized by Janus polymerization. Melting temperature, tensile strength, ductility, viscosity, and enzymatic degradability are governed by block length which is in turn dictated by the monomer-to-catalyst feed ratio. The relationships between the physicochemical properties and the architectures are investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kaicheng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuewei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Junting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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10
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Ma Q, Qiao GG, An Z. Visible Light Photoiniferter Polymerization for Dispersity Control in High Molecular Weight Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314729. [PMID: 37814139 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of polymers with high molecular weights, controlled sequence, and tunable dispersities remains a challenge. A simple and effective visible-light controlled photoiniferter reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization is reported here to realize this goal. Key to this strategy is the use of switchable RAFT agents (SRAs) to tune polymerization activities coupled with the inherent highly living nature of photoiniferter RAFT polymerization. The polymerization activities of SRAs were in situ adjusted by the addition of acid. In addition to a switchable chain-transfer coefficient, photolysis and polymerization kinetic studies revealed that neutral and protonated SRAs showed different photolysis and polymerization rates, which is unique to photoiniferter RAFT polymerization in terms of dispersity control. This strategy features no catalyst, no exogenous radical source, temporal regulation by visible light, and tunable dispersities in the unprecedented high molecular weight regime (up to 500 kg mol-1 ). Pentablock copolymers with three different dispersity combinations were also synthesized, highlighting that the highly living nature was maintained even for blocks with large dispersities. Tg was lowered for high-dispersity polymers of similar MWs due to the existence of more low-MW polymers. This strategy holds great potential for the synthesis of advanced materials with controlled molecular weight, dispersity and sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Greg G Qiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Zesheng An
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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11
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Sharma R, Shrivastava P, Gautam L, Agrawal U, Mohana Lakshmi S, Vyas SP. Rationally designed block copolymer-based nanoarchitectures: An emerging paradigm for effective drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103786. [PMID: 37742910 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Various polymeric materials have been investigated to produce unique modes of delivery for drug modules to achieve either temporal or spatial control of bioactives delivery. However, after intravenous administration, phagocytic cells quickly remove these nanostructures from the systemic circulation via the reticuloendothelial system (RES). To overcome these concerns, ecofriendly block copolymers are increasingly being investigated as innovative carriers for the delivery of bioactives. In this review, we discuss the design, fabrication techniques, and recent advances in the development of block copolymers and their applications as drug carrier systems to improve the physicochemical and pharmacological attributes of bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Sharma
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, MP 474005, India
| | - Priya Shrivastava
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Laxmikant Gautam
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India; Babulal Tarabai Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Sagar, M.P., 470228
| | - Udita Agrawal
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - S Mohana Lakshmi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, MP 474005, India
| | - Suresh P Vyas
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India.
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12
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Guo Y, Bai L. Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulation for the Self-Assembly of Symmetric Pentablock Terpolymers Melts under 1D Confinements. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3982. [PMID: 37836033 PMCID: PMC10575399 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The phase behavior of CBABC pentablock terpolymers confined in thin films is investigated using the Dissipative Particle Dynamic method. Phase diagrams are constructed and used to reveal how chain length (i-block length), block composition and wall selectivity influence the self-assembly structures. Under neutral walls, four categories of morphologies, i.e., perpendicular lamellae, core-shell types of microstructures, complex networks, and half-domain morphologies, are identified with the change in i-block length. Ordered structures are more common at weak polymer-polymer interaction strengths. For polymers of a consistent chain length, when one of the three components has a relatively smaller length, the morphologies transition is sensitive to block composition. With selective walls, parallel lamellae structures are prevalent. Wall selectivity also impacts chain conformations. While a large portion of chains form loop conformations under A-selective walls, more chains adopt bridge conformation when the wall prefers C-blocks. These findings offer insights for designing nanopatterns using symmetric pentablock terpolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Guo
- School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266525, China
| | - Linqing Bai
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266525, China;
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