1
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Li W, Peng X, Qin H, Xu Y, Han J, Lei H, Cao R. Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction with a Cu porphyrin bearing meso-CF 3 substituents. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:19121-19125. [PMID: 39588664 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt03098b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2024]
Abstract
Cu tetrakis(trifluoromethyl)porphyrin (1) was synthesized and examined as an electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We showed that 1 is highly efficient for the electrocatalytic HER in acetonitrile with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and outperforms Cu tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (2) by decreasing the onset overpotential by 220 mV. The icat/ip value (icat is the catalytic peak current and ip is the non-catalytic peak current) with 1 is 97, while it is 53 with 2. These results suggest that for Cu porphyrins, meso-CF3 substituents are much more effective than meso-C6F5 substituents to enhance the HER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzi Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Xinyang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Haonan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Yuhan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Jinxiu Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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2
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Cribbin L, Twamley B, Buga N, O’ Brien JE, Bühler R, Fischer RA, Senge MO. C-C Coupling in sterically demanding porphyrin environments. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:2784-2798. [PMID: 39530078 PMCID: PMC11552435 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/17/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Unlike their planar counterparts, classic synthetic protocols for C-C bond forming reactions on nonplanar porphyrins are underdeveloped. The development of C-C bond forming reactions on nonplanar porphyrins is critical in advancing this field of study for more complex porphyrin architectures, which could be used in supramolecular assemblies, catalysis, or sensing. In this work a library of arm-extended dodecasubstituted porphyrins was synthesized through the optimization of the classic Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of peripheral haloaryl substituents with a range of boronic acids. We report on palladium-catalyzed coupling attempts on the ortho-, meta-, and para-meso-phenyl position of sterically demanding dodecasubstituted saddle-shaped porphyrins. While para- and meta-substitutions could be achieved, ortho-functionalization in these systems remains elusive. Furthermore, borylation of a dodecasubstituted porphyrin's meso-phenyl position was explored and a subsequent C-C coupling showed the polarity of the reaction can be reversed resulting in higher yields. X-ray analysis of the target compounds revealed the formation of supramolecular assemblies, capable of accommodating substrates in their void.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Cribbin
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Nicolae Buga
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
| | - John E O’ Brien
- School of Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Raphael Bühler
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Roland A Fischer
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, D02 R590, Ireland
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberg, Str. 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany
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3
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Yang X, Liu Y, Niu X, Chu K. Porphyrin-Confined Supported Ultrasmall Ir Clusters as Oxygen Evolution Catalysts for Water Electrolysis. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:19798-19808. [PMID: 39431586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c03070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
Metalloporphyrin ligands themselves can participate in the redox process, making them beneficial in promoting the multielectron catalytic process of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, OER catalysts synthesized by traditional chemical strategies face challenges in water electrolysis. We synthesized high-performance and stable alkaline and acidic OER electrocatalysts loaded with ultrasmall iridium clusters by taking advantage of the attraction and confinement of Ir atoms by the Ir-N bonds formed by the porphyrin cavity. The N in the porphyrin cavity forms an Ir-N bond with Ir so that Ir carries a negative charge and attracts Ir atoms to form ultrasmall Ir clusters above the cavity to adjust the electronic structure of the Ir clusters. The resulting catalyst Tpyp-Ir(IrOX) exhibits a small overpotential (242 and 259 mV) at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in alkaline and acidic conditions and demonstrates good long-term operational stability. In addition, Tpyp-Ir(IrOX) exhibits a higher transition frequency (TOF) (1.69 O2 s-1 at 300 mV) in 1 M KOH, which is 7 times that of Ir/C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiaohui Niu
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ke Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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4
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Chen Y, Yi W, Ding P, Sun Y, Kantorovich L, Yu M. On-Surface Boronation of Porphyrin into a Molecular Dipole. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:12522-12528. [PMID: 39349980 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Functionalized porphyrins by introducing exotic atoms into their central cavities have significant applications across various fields. As unique nanographenes, porphyrins functionalized with monoboron are intriguing, yet their synthesis remains highly challenging. Herein, we present the first on-surface boronation of porphyrin, bonding a single boron atom into the porphyrin's cavity. The boronation is selective, being observed exclusively in molecules featuring a specific aromatic ring-fused structure (ARFS*), not the pristine porphyrin molecule or its other ARFS forms. The boron's bonding geometry is noncentered, transforming the boronated porphyrin into a molecular dipole and imparting a markedly varied electronic structure. Well-ordered two-dimensional dipole arrays are achieved. Upon elevated thermoactivation, intermolecular O-B-O bonds provide robustness and flexibility to the molecular chains. This work demonstrates the high selectivity of on-surface porphyrin boronation and provides an effective strategy for tailoring molecules' electronic structure, producing molecular dipoles, and promoting the robustness and flexibility of molecular chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Wei Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Pengcheng Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Ye Sun
- School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lev Kantorovich
- Department of Physics, King's College London, The Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Miao Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610000, China
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5
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Vinodh M, Alipour FH, Al-Azemi TF. meso-5,15-Bis[3-(iso-propyl-idenegalacto-pyran-oxy)phen-yl]-10,20-bis-(4-methyl-phen-yl)porphyrin. IUCRDATA 2024; 9:x241028. [PMID: 39712658 PMCID: PMC11660175 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314624010289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 10/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The crystal structure of a glycosyl-ated porphyrin (P_Gal2) system, C70H70N4O12, where two iso-propyl-idene protected galactose moieties are attached to the meso position of a substituted tetra-aryl porphyrin is reported. This structure reveals that the parent porphyrin is planar, with the galactose moieties positioned above and below the porphyrin macrocycle. This orientation likely prevents porphyrin-porphyrin H-type aggregation, potentially enhancing its efficiency as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy. Notable non-bonding C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π inter-actions among adjacent P_Gal2 systems are observed in this crystal network. Additionally, the tolyl groups of each porphyrin can engage in π-π inter-actions with the delocalized π-systems of neighboring porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickey Vinodh
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Fatemeh H. Alipour
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Talal F. Al-Azemi
- Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, PO Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
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6
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Anghel D, Epuran C, Fringu I, Fratilescu I, Lascu A, Macsim AM, Chiriac V, Gherban M, Vlascici D, Fagadar-Cosma E. Double Type Detection of Triiodide and Iodide Ions Using a Manganese(III) Porphyrin as Sensitive Compound. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:5517. [PMID: 39275429 PMCID: PMC11397875 DOI: 10.3390/s24175517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
A paramagnetic A3B-type Mn(III)-porphyrin was synthesized and characterized by physical-chemical methods (UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy). The obtained compound was tested as a sensitive material for the spectrophotometric and potentiometric detection of iodine species. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, the triiodide anions could be detected with high precision in the concentration interval of 1.02 × 10-5 to 2.3 × 10-5 M, with an LOD of 9.44 × 10-6 M. The PVC-based electrode using DOP as a plasticizer showed a sensitivity toward iodide in a wide concentration range of 1.0 × 10-5 to 1.0 × 10-1 M, with an LOD of 8.0 × 10-6 M. Both methods are simple, low-cost, and efficient for the detection of iodine species in synthetic samples and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Anghel
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Avenue 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Camelia Epuran
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Avenue 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ionela Fringu
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Avenue 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ion Fratilescu
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Avenue 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Lascu
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Avenue 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Macsim
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry "Petru Poni", Grigore Ghica Vodă Alley, No. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vlad Chiriac
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timisoara, 4 Vasile Parvan Ave, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Gherban
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, P. Andronescu Street, No. 1, 300224 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dana Vlascici
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timisoara, 4 Vasile Parvan Ave, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Eugenia Fagadar-Cosma
- Institute of Chemistry "Coriolan Dragulescu", Mihai Viteazu Avenue 24, 300223 Timisoara, Romania
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7
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Kaigorodova EY, Mamardashvili G, Kurochkin IY, Mamardashvili N. Influence of supramolecular self-assembly of oppositely charged Co- and Sn-porphyrins on the their spectral-luminescent properties in aqueous and aqueous micellar media of ionic surfactants. OPTICAL MATERIALS 2024; 154:115805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.optmat.2024.115805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2024]
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8
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Maguire S, Strachan G, Norvaiša K, Donohoe C, Gomes-da-Silva LC, Senge MO. Porphyrin Atropisomerism as a Molecular Engineering Tool in Medicinal Chemistry, Molecular Recognition, Supramolecular Assembly, and Catalysis. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401559. [PMID: 38787350 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Porphyrin atropisomerism, which arises from restricted σ-bond rotation between the macrocycle and a sufficiently bulky substituent, was identified in 1969 by Gottwald and Ullman in 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(o-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrins. Henceforth, an entirely new field has emerged utilizing this transformative tool. This review strives to explain the consequences of atropisomerism in porphyrins, the methods which have been developed for their separation and analysis and present the diverse array of applications. Porphyrins alone possess intriguing properties and a structure which can be easily decorated and molded for a specific function. Therefore, atropisomerism serves as a transformative tool, making it possible to obtain even a specific molecular shape. Atropisomerism has been thoroughly exploited in catalysis and molecular recognition yet presents both challenges and opportunities in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Maguire
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
| | - Grant Strachan
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
| | - Karolis Norvaiša
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
| | - Claire Donohoe
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Centre, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-535, Portugal
| | | | - Mathias O Senge
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, D02R590, Ireland
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Focus Group-Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenberg Str. 2a, 85748, Garching, Germany
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9
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Ren XR, Xing K, Liu T, Cao R, Dang LL, Bai F, Duan PC. Hydrogen Atom Abstraction and Reduction Study of 21-Thiaporphyrin and 21,23-Dithiaporphyrin. Molecules 2024; 29:3424. [PMID: 39065002 PMCID: PMC11279893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The metal-free porphyrins protonation has gained interest over five decades because its structure modification and hardly monoacid intermediate isolation. Here, upon the hydrogen atom abstraction processes, one step diproptonated H3STTP(BF4)2 (STTP = 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21-thiaporphyrin) (3) and stepwise protonated HS2TTPSbCl6 (5) and diprotonated H2S2TTP(BF4)2 (6) (S2TTP = 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21,23-thiaporphyrin) compounds were obtained using HSTTP and S2TTP with oxidants. The closed-shell protonated compounds were fully characterized using XRD, UV-vis, IR and NMR spectra. In addition, the reduced 19π compounds [K(2,2,2)]HSTTP (2) and [K(2,2,2)]S2TTP (7) were synthesized by the ligands with reductant KC8 in THF solution. These two open-shell compounds were characterized with UV-vis, IR and EPR spectroscopies. The semiempirical ZINDO/S method was employed to analyze the HOMO/LUMO gap lever and identify the electronic transitions of the UV-vis spectra of the closed- and open-shell porphyrin compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rui Ren
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Kang Xing
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Teng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ronghui Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Li-Long Dang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Duan
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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10
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Bradley D, Tian R, Bhadbhade MM, Macreadie LK, Sarowar CH, Peeks MD. Probing the Antiaromaticity and Coordination Chemistry of Bowl-Shaped Zinc(II) Norcorrole. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10103-10107. [PMID: 38780238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Zinc norcorrole was prepared as its pyridine complex (ZnNc·pyridine) by metalation of freebase norcorrole. The ZnNc·pyridine complex is distinctly bowl-shaped, as demonstrated by both X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopy showed characteristic ring current deshielding effects, with different magnitudes on either face of the bowl-shaped complex. Exchanging the pyridine ligand with the bidentate ligand DABCO results in the formation of a stable (ZnNc)2·DABCO sandwich complex, which was also characterized by crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. The NMR resonances of the axial ligands in all of the complexes demonstrate that the paratropic ring current in zinc norcorrole is approximately 40 nA/T, which is comparable in magnitude to the diatropic ring current in porphyrin. Analysis of the ligand-exchange processes on addition of DABCO to ZnNc·pyridine showed that ZnNc coordinates to axial nitrogen-containing ligands with approximately 1000-fold higher binding constants than analogous zinc porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bradley
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Ruoming Tian
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Mohan M Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | | | - Chowdhury Hasan Sarowar
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Martin D Peeks
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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11
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Yadav I, Acharyya JN, Prakash GV, Sankar M. Structurally influenced optical nonlinearities and ultrafast dynamics in β-acroleyl- and β-dicyanobutadienyl-appended cobalt corroles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15125-15129. [PMID: 38764422 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00090k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The strong two-photon induced nonlinear absorption and self-focusing type positive nonlinear refraction are pronounced by the structural engineering in β-functionalized cobalt corroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderpal Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India.
| | - Jitendra Nath Acharyya
- Nanophotonics Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - G Vijaya Prakash
- Nanophotonics Lab, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Muniappan Sankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India.
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12
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Chakraborty P, Ghosh N, Awasthi N, Rath SP. Spin-Flip via Subtle Electronic Perturbation in Axially Ligated Diiron(III) Porphyrin Dimer. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400266. [PMID: 38407531 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Spin state switching in the metal center is a crucial phenomenon in many enzymatic reactions in biology. The spin state alteration, a critical step in cytochrome P450 catalysis, is driven most likely through a weak perturbation upon substrate binding in the enzyme, which is still not well clarified. In the current work, the spin state transition of iron(III) from high to intermediate via an admixed state is observed upon a subtle electronic perturbation to the sulphonate moieties coordinated axially to a diiron(III)porphyrin dimer. While electron-donating substituents stabilize the high-spin state of iron(III), strongly electron-withdrawing groups stabilize an intermediate-spin state, whereas the moderate electron-withdrawing nature of axial ligands resulted in an admixed state. Confirmation of the molecular structures and their spin states have been made utilizing single-crystal X-ray structure analysis, Mössbauer, magnetic, EPR, and 1H NMR spectroscopic investigations. The position of the signals of the porphyrin macrocycle in the paramagnetic 1H NMR is found to be very characteristic of the spin state of the iron center in solution. The Curie plot for the pure high-spin complexes shows the signals' temperature dependency in line with the Curie law. Conversely, the pure intermediate-spin state of iron exhibits an anti-Curie temperature dependence, whereas the admixed-spin state of iron displays significant curvature of the lines in the Curie plot. An extensive DFT analysis displays a linear dependence between the energy difference between dx 2 - y 2 ${{_{x{^{2}}- y{^{2}}}}}$ and dz 2 ${{_{z{^{2}}}}}$ orbital versus Fe-Npor distance for the complexes reported here. Furthermore, a strong linear correlation between the Fe-O distance and the spin density over the oxygen atom, as well as the Fe-Npor distance for the complexes, has been observed. Thus, a slight electronic perturbation at the axial ligand of the diheme resulted in a large change in the electronic structures with a spin-flip. This is at par with the metalloenzymes, which employ minute perturbations around the periphery of the active sites, leading to spin state transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulami Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016
| | - Niva Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016
| | - Nidhi Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016
| | - Sankar Prasad Rath
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016
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13
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Wu W, He T, Zhang X, Xie LH, Si GR, Xie Y, Li JR. Rare-Earth Metal-Organic Framework with Nonplanar Porphyrin Groups for High-Efficiency Photocatalysis. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7412-7421. [PMID: 38600810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Nonplanar porphyrins play crucial roles in many biological processes and chemical reactions as catalysts. However, the preparation of artificial nonplanar porphyrins suffers from complicated organic syntheses. Herein, we present a new rare-earth porphyrinic metal-organic framework (RE-PMOF), BUT-233, which is a three-dimensional (3D) framework structure with the flu topology consisting of 4-connected BBCPPP-Ph ligands H4BBCPPP-Ph = 5',5⁗-(10,20-diphenylporphyrin-5,15-diyl)bis([1,1':3',1″-terphenyl]-4,4'' dicarboxylic acid) and 8-connected Eu6 clusters. Noteworthily, the porphyrin cores of the BBCPPP-Ph ligands in BUT-233 are nonplanar with a ruffle-like conformation. In contrast, the porphyrin core in the free ligand H4BBCPPP-Ph is in a nearly ideally planar conformation, as confirmed by its single-crystal structure. BUT-233 is microporous with 6-8 Å pores and a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 649 m2/g, as well as high stability in common solvents. The MOF was used as a photocatalyst for the oxidation degradation of a chemical warfare agent model molecule CEES (CEES = 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide) under the light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation and an O2 atmosphere at room temperature. CEES was almost completely converted into its nontoxic light-oxidized product CEESO (CEESO = 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide) in only 5 min with t1/2 = 2 min (t1/2: half-life). Moreover, the toxic deep-oxidized product 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfone (CEESO2) was not detected. The catalytic activity of BUT-233 was high in comparison with those of some previously reported MOF catalysts. The results of photo/electrochemical property studies suggested that the high catalytic activity of BUT-233 was benefited from the presence of nonplanar porphyrin rings on its pore surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Tao He
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Lin-Hua Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Rui Si
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yabo Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Rong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
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14
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Bashir B, Alotaibi MM, Clayborne AZ. Computational investigation of structural, electronic, and spectroscopic properties of Ni and Zn metalloporphyrins with varying anchoring groups. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:134305. [PMID: 38563304 DOI: 10.1063/5.0191858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyrins are prime candidates for a host of molecular electronics applications. Understanding the electronic structure and the role of anchoring groups on porphyrins is a prerequisite for researchers to comprehend their role in molecular devices at the molecular junction interface. Here, we use the density functional theory approach to investigate the influence of anchoring groups on Ni and Zn diphenylporphyrin molecules. The changes in geometry, electronic structure, and electronic descriptors were evaluated. There are minimal changes observed in geometry when changing the metal from Ni to Zn and the anchoring group. However, we find that the distribution of electron density changes when changing the anchoring group in the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. This has a direct effect on electronic descriptors such as global hardness, softness, and electrophilicity. Additionally, the optical spectra of both Ni and Zn diphenylporphyrin molecules exhibit either blue or red shifts when changing the anchoring group. These results indicate the importance of the anchoring group on the electronic structure and optical properties of porphyrin molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Bashir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, USA
| | - Maha M Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, USA
| | - Andre Z Clayborne
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, USA
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15
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Peng X, Zhang M, Qin H, Han J, Xu Y, Li W, Zhang XP, Zhang W, Apfel UP, Cao R. Switching Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Pathways through Electronic Tuning of Copper Porphyrins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401074. [PMID: 38311965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The electronic structure of metal complexes plays key roles in determining their catalytic features. However, controlling electronic structures to regulate reaction mechanisms is of fundamental interest but has been rarely presented. Herein, we report electronic tuning of Cu porphyrins to switch pathways of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Through controllable and regioselective β-oxidation of Cu porphyrin 1, we synthesized analogues 2-4 with one or two β-lactone groups in either a cis or trans configuration. Complexes 1-4 have the same Cu-N4 core site but different electronic structures. Although β-oxidation led to large anodic shifts of reductions, 1-4 displayed similar HER activities in terms of close overpotentials. With electrochemical, chemical and theoretical results, we show that the catalytically active species switches from a CuI species for 1 to a Cu0 species for 4. This work is thus significant to present mechanism-controllable HER via electronic tuning of catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Mengchun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haonan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jinxiu Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yuhan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wenzi Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xue-Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie I, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Strasse 3, 46047, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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16
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Nandi RP, Chandra B, Ghosh S, Sarma SP, Geremia S, Hickey N, Thilagar P. Pyrrole βC-B-N Fused Porphyrins: Molecular Structures and Opto-Electrochemical Studies. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304219. [PMID: 38155424 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the design, synthesis, structure, and electrochemical study of doubly βC-B-N fused Ni(II) porphyrins (1-trans, 1-cis, 2-trans, and 2-cis). These compounds have been synthesized from A2B2 type dipyridyl Ni(II) porphyrins (Ar=Ph for 1 a; Ar=C6F5 for 2 a) via Lewis base-directed electrophilic aromatic borylation reactions. The solution state structures of these compounds have been established using 1H NMR, 11B NMR, 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C HSQC, and 19F-13C HSQC NMR techniques. Single crystal X-ray analysis have revealed that 1-trans, 1-cis, and 2-trans adopt ruffled conformations, with alternate meso-carbons on the opposite sides of the mean porphyrin plane. The Soret bands in the absorption spectra of the B-N fused molecules are ~40 nm redshifted compared to unfused Ni(II) porphyrin precursors. The B-N fusion have diminished the redox potential of fused porphyrins. Although 1-trans and 1-cis, show four oxidation processes, 2-trans and 2-cis show only three oxidation processes. DFT studies have revealed that the tetrahedral geometry of the boron has induced a twist in the π-conjugation, which destabilizes the HOMO and stabilizes the LUMO in 1-trans, 1-cis, 2-trans, and 2-cis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Prasad Nandi
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
| | - Brijesh Chandra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
| | - Subhajit Ghosh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
| | - Siddhartha P Sarma
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Division of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
| | - Silvano Geremia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, ITALY
| | - Neal Hickey
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127, Trieste, ITALY
| | - Pakkirisamy Thilagar
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, INDIA
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17
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Han J, Liu Y, Peng D, Liu J, Wu D. Biomedical Application of Porphyrin-Based Amphiphiles and Their Self-Assembled Nanomaterials. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:2155-2180. [PMID: 37955349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrins have been vastly explored and applied in many cutting-edge fields with plenty of encouraging achievements because of their excellent properties. As important derivatives of porphyrins, porphyrin-based amphiphiles (PBAs) not only maintain the advanced properties of porphyrins (catalysis, imaging, and energy transfer) but also possess self-assembly and encapsulation capability in aqueous solution. Accordingly, PBAs and their self-assembles have had important roles in diagnosing and treating tumors and inflammation lesions in vivo, but not limited to these. In this article, we introduce the research progress of PBAs, including their constitution, structure design strategies, and performances in tumor and inflammation lesion diagnosis and treatments. On that basis, the defects of synthesized PBAs during their application and the possible effective strategies to overcome the limitations are also proposed. Finally, perspectives on PBAs exploration are updated based on our knowledge. We hope this review will bring researchers from various domains insights about PBAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gongchang Road 66, Guangming, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Yadong Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gongchang Road 66, Guangming, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Danfeng Peng
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518119, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gongchang Road 66, Guangming, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Dalin Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Gongchang Road 66, Guangming, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
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18
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Yadav I, Sankar M. Panchromatic and Perturbed Absorption Spectral Features and Multiredox Properties of Dicyanovinyl- and Dicyanobutadienyl-Appended Cobalt Corroles. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 38010211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Four new β-functionalized π-extended cobalt corroles with one and two dicyanovinyl (DCV) or dicyanobutadienyl (DCBD) moieties at the 3- and 3,17-positions have been synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Interestingly, the synthesized DCV- and DCBD-appended cobalt corroles displayed panchromatic and near-infrared absorption in the range 300-1100 nm in CH2Cl2 and pyridine solvents. (MN)2-(Cor)Co and A2MN2-(Cor)Co exhibited 8-9 times enhancement in the molar absorptivity of the Q band compared to the parent corrole ((Cor)Co). The unique absorption spectral features of these β-functionalized cobalt corroles are splitting, broadening, and red-shifting in the Soret and Q bands. One DCV unit brings a 30-46 nm red shift, whereas one DCBD unit brings a 40-75 nm red shift in the Q band compared to the corresponding precursors. This is rare that the intensity of the longest Q band is greater than or equal to the Soret-like bands. These corrole derivatives exhibit UV-vis spectral features similar to those of chlorophyll a. A 220 mV positive shift per DCV group and 160 mV positive shift per DCBD group were observed in the first oxidation potentials compared to (Cor)Co in the desired direction for the utility of these cobalt complexes in electrocatalysis. DFT studies revealed that HOMO and LUMO were stabilized after appending DCV and DCBD groups on the corrole macrocycle and exhibited a "push-pull" behavior leading to promising material applications in nonlinear optics (NLO) and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inderpal Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Muniappan Sankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
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19
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Xu Q, Chen J, Wang Y, Wang D, Xu X, Xia J, Zhang KL, Zhou X, Fan W, Wang Z, Hou C, Sun D. Guest-Stimulated Nonplanar Porphyrins in Flexible Metal-Organic Frameworks. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304771. [PMID: 37394703 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Nonplanar porphyrins with out-of-plane distortions play crucial roles in many biological functions and chemical applications. The artificial construction of nonplanar porphyrins usually involves organic synthesis and modification, which is a highly comprehensive approach. However, incorporating porphyrins into guest-stimulated flexible systems allows to manipulate the porphyrin distortion through simple ad/desorption of guest molecules. Here, a series of porphyrinic zirconium metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is reported that exhibit guest-stimulated breathing behavior. X-Ray diffraction analysis and skeleton deviation plots confirm that the material suffers from porphyrin distortion to form a ruffled geometry under the desorption of guest molecules. Further investigation reveals that not only the degree of nonplanarity can be precisely manipulated but also the partial distortion of porphyrin in a single crystal grain can be readily achieved. As Lewis acidic catalyst, the MOF with nonplanar Co-porphyrin exhibits active properties in catalyzing CO2 /propylene oxide coupling reactions. This porphyrin distortion system provides a powerful tool for manipulating nonplanar porphyrins in MOFs with individual distortion profiles for various advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jishi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yujun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Dongjuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhen Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Qingdao Boting Hydrogen Age Ocean Technol R&D Ctr, Qingdao Boting Technol. Co. Ltd., Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jianfei Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Kou-Lin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Zonghua Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Chuantao Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Sino-Japanese Center for Collaborative Research of Carbon Nanomaterials, Instrumental Analysis Center of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Daofeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Science, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
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20
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Gao Y, Vlaic S, Gorni T, De' Medici L, Clair S, Roditchev D, Pons S. Manipulation of the Magnetic State of a Porphyrin-Based Molecule on Gold: From Kondo to Quantum Nanomagnet via the Charge Fluctuation Regime. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9082-9089. [PMID: 37162317 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
By moving individual Fe-porphyrin-based molecules with the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope in the vicinity of the elbow of the herringbone-reconstructed Au(111) containing a Br atom, we reversibly and continuously control their magnetic state. Several regimes are obtained experimentally and explored theoretically: from the integer spin limit, through intermediate magnetic states with renormalized magnetic anisotropy, until the Kondo-screened regime, corresponding to a progressive increase of charge fluctuations and mixed valency due to an increase in the interaction of the molecular Fe states with the substrate Fermi sea. Our study demonstrates the potential of utilizing charge fluctuations to generate and tune quantum magnetic states in molecule-surface hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Gao
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sergio Vlaic
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tommaso Gorni
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luca De' Medici
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Clair
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IM2NP, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Dimitri Roditchev
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7588, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Pons
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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21
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Chen J, Wang Y, Chen C, To CT. Mechanochemical
β
‐Halogenation of nickel(II) porphyrins at room temperature. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202300055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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22
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MTHPP monoacetic ester: unexpected formation, zinc metalation, thermal and photophysical properties. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-023-02779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the current investigation we report an unexpected methyl esterification occurred during the coupling reaction of mTHPP monoacetic acid 2 with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole in the presence of HBTU/DIPEA. The mechanism of this unexpected methyl esterification was studied, and the structure of the formed methyl ester 5 was confirmed by the means of 1H, 13C NMR in addition to (MALDI-TOF and ESI-HRMS) spectrometry. The formation of 5 during the coupling reaction was also chemically supported by an alternative synthetic method involving a direct monosubstitution reaction of mTHPP 1 with methyl bromoacetate. We also investigated the metalation of 5 with zinc and studied the thermal properties along with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of the zinc porphyrin 6. The photophysical properties of porphyrin methyl ester 5 and its zinc complex 6 were also investigated.
Graphical Abstract
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23
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Labella J, Torres T. Subphthalocyanines: contracted porphyrinoids with expanded applications. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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24
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Liu Q, Gao J, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zhang X, Lin Q, Zeng W, Zhou Z. A trans-ortho asymmetrically di-strapped metalloporphyrin integrating three key structural features of ligand in heme. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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25
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Xue S, Lv X, Liu N, Zhang Q, Lei H, Cao R, Qiu F. Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of Bent Bis(dipyrrin) Ni(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1679-1685. [PMID: 36634365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Planar Ni(II) porphyrinoid complexes have been widely used in electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction and oxygen reduction reaction as well as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, nonplanar Ni(II) tetra-pyrrolic complexes have not been thoroughly investigated thus far. In this study, three highly bent bis(dipyrrin) Ni(II) complexes have been synthesized to investigate their structure, electronic property, and electrocatalytic HER activities. Cyclic voltammetry and thin-layer UV-visible spectroelectrochemistry studies revealed four redox processes, yielding two reduced species as the final products. The ic/ip values of phenyl- and pentafluorophenyl-bearing bis(dipyrrin) Ni(II) complexes were >30 when trifluoroacetic acid was used as the proton source, and their Faradaic efficiencies for H2 generation were >93%. Density functional theory calculations of the HERs revealed low endothermic energies of bent bis(dipyrrin) Ni(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ningchao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Fengxian Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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26
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Acoplanarity, Aromaticity, Chirality, and Helical Twisting Power of Chlorin e6 13(N)-Methylamide-15,17-dimethyl Ester Complexes: Effect of a Metal. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The experimental and theoretical study of the influence of metal complexing on geometry, aromaticity, chirality, and the ability to twist the nematic phase by complexes based on modified natural chlorin e6 was carried out. The geometry optimization of the chlorin e6 13(N)-methylamide-15,17-dimethyl ester (MADMECl) and its Zn, Cu, and Ni complexes by DFT (CAM-B3LYP/6–31 G(d,p) functional) method was performed. Based on these calculations, the acoplanarity degree of the macrocyclic ligand and the distortion energy of its dianion were estimated, which allowed the arrangement of the MADMECl complexes in the series Ni > Cu > Zn. Aromaticity was evaluated using the NICS criterion (nuclear independent chemical shift). An increase in the degree of aromaticity of the macrocycle upon complex formation was established. At the same time, the aromaticity of the inner conjugation contour corresponds to the same series as the acoplanarity, while the outer π-delocalization is characterized by the reverse sequence. An experimental evaluation of the electron circular dichroism of the Soret and the Q-bands, as well as the g-factor of dissymmetry, was carried out. The growth of these parameters with an increase in the degree of acoplanarity and aromaticity of the internal conjugation contour was determined. The induction of helical phases in mixtures of nematic liquid crystals (LCs) based on cyanobiphenyls and MADMECl macrocyclic metal complexes was studied by polarization microscopy, and the clearance temperatures and helix pitch of the mesophases were measured. A strong effect of the metal on the phase transition temperature and helical twisting power was established.
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Tang J, Liang Z, Qin H, Liu X, Zhai B, Su Z, Liu Q, Lei H, Liu K, Zhao C, Cao R, Fang Y. Large-area Free-standing Metalloporphyrin-based Covalent Organic Framework Films by Liquid-air Interfacial Polymerization for Oxygen Electrocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214449. [PMID: 36344440 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Synthesizing large-area free-standing covalent organic framework (COF) films is of vital importance for their applications but is still a big challenge. Herein, we reported the synthesis of large metalloporphyrin-based COF films and their applications for oxygen electrocatalysis. The reaction of meso-benzohydrazide-substituted metal porphyrins with tris-aldehyde linkers afforded free-standing COF films at the liquid-air interface. These films can be scaled up to 3000 cm2 area and display great mechanical stability and structural integrity. Importantly, the Co-porphyrin-based films are efficient for electrocatalytic O2 reduction and evolution reactions. A flexible, all-solid-state Zn-air battery was assembled using the films and showed high performance with a charge-discharge voltage gap of 0.88 V at 1 mA cm-2 and high stability under bent conditions (0° to 180°). This work thus presents a strategy to synthesize functionalized COF films with high quality for uses in flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zuozhong Liang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haonan Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xiangquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Binbin Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhen Su
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Haitao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Kaiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Chuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Rui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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