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Ojelade O, Fu Q, Nair S, Jones CW. Catalytic Upgrading of a Mixed Hydroxy Acid Feedstock Derived from Kraft Black Liquor. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2024; 12:9054-9066. [PMID: 38910879 PMCID: PMC11191363 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic feedstocks are widely studied for sustainable liquid fuel and chemical production. The pulp and paper industry generates large amounts of kraft black liquor (BL) from which a high volume of hydroxy acids (HAs) can be separated for further catalytic processing. Here, we explore the catalytic upgrading of HAs, including the conversion of (1) a model HA, gluconic acid; (2) a model mixture of HAs, and (3) a real mixture of HAs derived from kraft BL on M/Nb2O5 (M = Pd, Pt, Rh, and Ru). The hydrodeoxygenation of model gluconic acid reveals that "volatile" carboxylic acids (mainly C2 and C3), levulinic acid, and cyclic esters are significant products over all the catalysts, with Pd/Nb2O5 showing superior activity and selectivity toward valuable intermediates. The model mixture of HAs shows a wide range of reactivity over the supported metal catalyst, with the product selectivity strongly correlating to reaction temperature. Utilizing a 0.25% Pd/Nb2O5 catalyst, a real mixture of HAs derived from kraft BL is successfully dehydroxylated to produce a mixture rich in C3-C8 carboxylic acids that may be amenable for further upgrading, e.g., catalytically to ketones with high carbon chain lengths. Despite the feedstock complexity, we selectively cleaved the C-OH bonds of HAs, while successfully preserving most of the -COOH groups and minimizing C-C and C=O bond scission reactions under the operating conditions tested. The BL-derived HA stream is thus proposed to be a suitable platform for producing mixed carboxylic acid products from an overoxygenated byproduct feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opeyemi
A. Ojelade
- School of Chemical &
Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Chemical &
Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Sankar Nair
- School of Chemical &
Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- School of Chemical &
Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
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Wu Z, Wang T, Zhao Z, Ji Y, Bai H, Jiang Y, Wang X, Nawaz H, He A, Xia J, Xu J, Chen S, Hu L. Niobium-based single-atom catalyst promoted fractionation of lignocellulose in choline chloride-lactic acid deep eutectic solvent. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132055. [PMID: 38704073 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Pretreatment is the key step to convert lignocelluloses to sustainable biofuels, biochemicals or biomaterials. In this study, a green pretreatment method based on choline chloride-lactic acid deep eutectic solvent (ChCl-LA) and niobium-based single-atom catalyst (Nb/CN) was developed for the fractionation of corn straw and further enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. With this strategy, significant lignin removal of 96.5 % could be achieved when corn straw was pretreated by ChCl-LA (1:2) DES over Nb/CN under 120 °C for 6 h. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose-enriched fraction (CEF) presented high glucose yield of 92.7 % and xylose yield of 67.5 %. In-depth investigations verified that the high yields of fractions and monosaccharides was attributed to the preliminary fractionation by DES and the deep fractionation by Nb/CN. Significantly, compared to other reported soluble catalysts, the synthesized single-atom catalyst displayed excellent reusability by simple filtration and enzymatic hydrolysis. The recyclability experiments showed that the combination of ChCl-LA DES and Nb/CN could be repeated at least three times for corn straw fractionation, moreover, the combination displayed remarkable feedstock adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Zihe Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Yifan Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Hongli Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Yetao Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Haq Nawaz
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Aiyong He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Jiaxing Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an 223300, China.
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Tian Y, Feng Y, Li Z, Fan Y, Sperry J, Sun Y, Yang S, Tang X, Lin L, Zeng X. Green and efficient selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over hybrid CoOx/Nb2O5 nanocatalyst in water. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.112981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Ji N, Alemayehu A, Li H, Ri P, Diao X. Enhanced demethylation of aromatic ether to phenol over NiAl hydrotalcite-derived nickel sulfide catalyst. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.113016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Tian Y, Chen B, Yu Z, Huang R, Yan G, Li Z, Sun Y, Yang S, Tang X, Lin L, Zeng X. Efficient catalytic hydrogenation of furfural over cobalt-based catalysts with adjustable acidity. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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