1
|
Wang S, Yao Y, Deng W, Chu X, Yang T, Tian G, Ao Y, Sun Y, Lan B, Ren X, Li X, Xu T, Huang L, Liu Y, Lu J, Yang W. Mass-Produced Skin-Inspired Piezoresistive Sensing Array with Interlocking Interface for Object Recognition. ACS NANO 2024; 18:11183-11192. [PMID: 38630641 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
E-skins, capable of responding to mechanical stimuli, hold significant potential in the field of robot haptics. However, it is a challenge to obtain e-skins with both high sensitivity and mechanical stability. Here, we present a bioinspired piezoresistive sensor with hierarchical structures based on polyaniline/polystyrene core-shell nanoparticles polymerized on air-laid paper. The combination of laser-etched reusable templates and sensitive materials that can be rapidly synthesized enables large-scale production. Benefiting from the substantially enlarged deformation of the hierarchical structure, the developed piezoresistive electronics exhibit a decent sensitivity of 21.67 kPa-1 and a subtle detection limit of 3.4 Pa. Moreover, an isolation layer is introduced to enhance the interface stability of the e-skin, with a fracture limit of 66.34 N/m. Furthermore, the e-skin can be seamlessly integrated onto gloves without any detachment issues. With the assistance of deep learning, it achieves a 98% accuracy rate in object recognition. We anticipate that this strategy will render e-skin with more robust interfaces and heightened sensing capabilities, offering a favorable pathway for large-scale production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yelan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Deng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Chu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Boling Lan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiarong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelan Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianpei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Longchao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Chemistry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Frontier Science, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610031, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qorbani M, Chen KH, Chen LC. Hybrid and Asymmetric Supercapacitors: Achieving Balanced Stored Charge across Electrode Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400558. [PMID: 38570734 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemical capacitor configuration extends its operational potential window by leveraging diverse charge storage mechanisms on the positive and negative electrodes. Beyond harnessing capacitive, pseudocapacitive, or Faradaic energy storage mechanisms and enhancing electrochemical performance at high rates, achieving a balance of stored charge across electrodes poses a significant challenge over a wide range of charge-discharge currents or sweep rates. Consequently, fabricating hybrid and asymmetric supercapacitors demands precise electrochemical evaluations of electrode materials and the development of a reliable methodology. This work provides an overview of fundamental aspects related to charge-storage mechanisms and electrochemical methods, aiming to discern the contribution of each process. Subsequently, the electrochemical properties, including the working potential windows, rate capability profiles, and stabilities, of various families of electrode materials are explored. It is then demonstrated, how charge balancing between electrodes falters across a broad range of charge-discharge currents or sweep rates. Finally, a methodology for achieving charge balance in hybrid and asymmetric supercapacitors is proposed, outlining multiple conditions dependent on loaded mass and charge-discharge current. Two step-by-step tutorials and model examples for applying this methodology are also provided. The proposed methodology is anticipated to stimulate continued dialogue among researchers, fostering advancements in achieving stable and high-performance supercapacitor devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Qorbani
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hsien Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chyong Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barbero CA. Functional Materials Made by Combining Hydrogels (Cross-Linked Polyacrylamides) and Conducting Polymers (Polyanilines)-A Critical Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2240. [PMID: 37242814 PMCID: PMC10221099 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels made of cross-linked polyacrlyamides (cPAM) and conducting materials made of polyanilines (PANIs) are both the most widely used materials in each category. This is due to their accessible monomers, easy synthesis and excellent properties. Therefore, the combination of these materials produces composites which show enhanced properties and also synergy between the cPAM properties (e.g., elasticity) and those of PANIs (e.g., conductivity). The most common way to produce the composites is to form the gel by radical polymerization (usually by redox initiators) then incorporate the PANIs into the network by oxidative polymerization of anilines. It is often claimed that the product is a semi-interpenetrated network (s-IPN) made of linear PANIs penetrating the cPAM network. However, there is evidence that the nanopores of the hydrogel become filled with PANIs nanoparticles, producing a composite. On the other hand, swelling the cPAM in true solutions of PANIs macromolecules renders s-IPN with different properties. Technological applications of the composites have been developed, such as photothermal (PTA)/electromechanical actuators, supercapacitors, movement/pressure sensors, etc. PTA devices rely on the absorption of electromagnetic radiation (light, microwaves, radiofrequency) by PANIs, which heats up the composite, triggering the phase transition of a thermosensitive cPAM. Therefore, the synergy of properties of both polymers is beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Barbero
- Research Institute for Energy Technologies and Advanced Materials (IITEMA), National University of Río Cuarto (UNRC)-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|