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Yuan L, Shao C, Zhang Q, Webb E, Zhao X, Lu S. Biomass-derived carbon dots as emerging visual platforms for fluorescent sensing. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118610. [PMID: 38442811 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Biomass-derived carbon dots (CDs) are non-toxic and fluorescently stable, making them suitable for extensive application in fluorescence sensing. The use of cheap and renewable materials not only improves the utilization rate of waste resources, but it is also drawing increasing attention to and interest in the production of biomass-derived CDs. Visual fluorescence detection based on CDs is the focus of current research. This method offers high sensitivity and accuracy and can be used for rapid and accurate determination under complex conditions. This paper describes the biomass precursors of CDs, including plants, animal remains and microorganisms. The factors affecting the use of CDs as fluorescent probes are also discussed, and a brief overview of enhancements made to the preparation process of CDs is provided. In addition, the application prospects and challenges related to biomass-derived CDs are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China
| | - Congying Shao
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, China
| | - Erin Webb
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, United States
| | - Xianhui Zhao
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, United States.
| | - Shun Lu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
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2
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Li J, Zhao X, Gong X. The Emerging Star of Carbon Luminescent Materials: Exploring the Mysteries of the Nanolight of Carbon Dots for Optoelectronic Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400107. [PMID: 38461525 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs), a class of carbon-based nanomaterials with dimensions less than 10 nm, have attracted significant interest since their discovery. They possess numerous excellent properties, such as tunability of photoluminescence, environmental friendliness, low cost, and multifunctional applications. Recently, a large number of reviews have emerged that provide overviews of their synthesis, properties, applications, and their composite functionalization. The application of CDs in the field of optoelectronics has also seen unprecedented development due to their excellent optical properties, but reviews of them in this field are relatively rare. With the idea of deepening and broadening the understanding of the applications of CDs in the field of optoelectronics, this review for the first time provides a detailed summary of their applications in the field of luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), solar cells, and photodetectors. In addition, the definition, categories, and synthesis methods of CDs are briefly introduced. It is hoped that this review can bring scholars more and deeper understanding in the field of optoelectronic applications of CDs to further promote the practical applications of CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiujian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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Ferreira RAS, Correia SFH, Georgieva P, Fu L, Antunes M, André PS. A comprehensive dataset of photonic features on spectral converters for energy harvesting. Sci Data 2024; 11:50. [PMID: 38191564 PMCID: PMC10774306 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Building integrated photovoltaics is a promising strategy for solar technology, in which luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) stand out. Challenges include the development of materials for sunlight harvesting and conversion, which is an iterative optimization process with several steps: synthesis, processing, and structural and optical characterizations before considering the energy generation figures of merit that requires a prototype fabrication. Thus, simulation models provide a valuable, cost-effective, and time-efficient alternative to experimental implementations, enabling researchers to gain valuable insights for informed decisions. We conducted a literature review on LSCs over the past 47 years from the Web of ScienceTM Core Collection, including published research conducted by our research group, to gather the optical features and identify the material classes that contribute to the performance. The dataset can be further expanded systematically offering a valuable resource for decision-making tools for device design without extensive experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rute A S Ferreira
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sandra F H Correia
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Petia Georgieva
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departament of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lianshe Fu
- Department of Physics and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Antunes
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Departament of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo S André
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Hu H, Wu Y, Gong X. Organosilicon-Based Carbon Dots and Their Versatile Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305933. [PMID: 37661362 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a newly discovered type of fluorescent material that has gained significant attention due to their exceptional optical properties, biocompatibility, and other remarkable characteristics. However, single CDs have some drawbacks such as self-quenching, low quantum yield (QY), and poor stability. To address these issues, researchers have turned to organosilicon, which is known for its green, economical, and abundant properties. Organosilicon is widely used in various fields including optics, electronics, and biology. By utilizing organosilicon as a synthetic precursor, the biocompatibility, QY, and resistance to self-quenching of CDs can be improved. Meanwhile, the combination of organosilicon with CDs enables the functionalization of CDs, which significantly expands their original application scenarios. This paper comprehensively analyzes organosilicon in two main categories: precursors for CD synthesis and matrix materials for compounding with CDs. The role of organosilicon in these categories is thoroughly reviewed. In addition, the paper presents various applications of organosilicon compounded CDs, including detection and sensing, anti-counterfeiting, optoelectronic applications, and biological applications. Finally, the paper briefly discusses current development challenges and future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhong Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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Wu M, Li J, Wu Y, Gong X, Wu M. Design of a Synthetic Strategy to Achieve Enhanced Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Sulfur and Nitrogen Codoping and Its Multifunctional Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302764. [PMID: 37330653 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Here, a rational strategy to achieve multifunctional N, S codoped carbon dots (N, S-CDs) is reported, aiming to improve the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of the CDs. The synthesized N, S-CDs have excellent stability and emission properties independent of excitation wavelength. Through the introduction of S element doping, the fluorescence emission of CDs is red-shifted from 430 to 545 nm, and the corresponding PLQYs can be greatly enhanced from 11.2% to 65.1%. It is found that the doping of S elements causes an increase in the size of CDs and an elevated graphite N content, which may be the key factors to cause the redshift of fluorescence emission. Furthermore, the introduction of S element also serves to suppress the nonradiative transitions, which may be responsible for the elevated PLQYs. Besides, the synthesized N, S-CDs have certain solvent effect and can be applied to detect water content in organic solvents, and have strong sensitivity to alkaline environment. More importantly, the N, S-CDs can be used to achieve an "on-off-on" dual detection mode between Zr4+ and NO2 - . In addition, N, S-CDs combinedwith polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) can also be utilized as fluorescent inks for anti-counterfeiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhong Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular lmaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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Picchi A, Wang Q, Ventura F, Micheletti C, Heijkoop J, Picchioni F, Ciofini I, Adamo C, Pucci A. Effect of Polymer Composition on the Optical Properties of a New Aggregation-Induced Emission Fluorophore: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3530. [PMID: 37688156 PMCID: PMC10489943 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, fluorophores with a tetraphenylethylene (TPE) core are considered interesting due to the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior that enables their effective use in polymer films. We propose a novel TPE fluorophore (TPE-BPAN) bearing two dimethylamino push and a 4-biphenylacetonitrile pull moieties with the typical AIE characteristics in solution and in the solid state, as rationalized by DFT calculations. Five different host polymer matrices with different polarity have been selected: two homopolymers of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) (PCHMA) and three copolymers at different compositions (P(MMA-co-CHMA) 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 mol%). The less polar comonomer of CHMA appeared to enhance TPE-BPAN emission with the highest quantum yield (QY) of about 40% measured in P(MMA-co-CHMA) 75:25. Further reduction in polymer polarity lowered QY and decreased the film stability and adhesion to the glass surface. LSC performances were not significantly affected by the matrix's polarity and resulted in around one-third of the state-of-the-art due to the reduced QY of TPE-BPAN. The theoretical investigation based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations clarified the origin of the observed AIE and the role played by the environment in modulating the photophysical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Picchi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.P.); (C.M.); (F.V.)
| | - Qinfan Wang
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FRE2027, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France; (Q.W.); (I.C.)
| | - Francesco Ventura
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.P.); (C.M.); (F.V.)
| | - Cosimo Micheletti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.P.); (C.M.); (F.V.)
| | - Jesse Heijkoop
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Product Technology, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.H.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesco Picchioni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Product Technology, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (J.H.); (F.P.)
| | - Ilaria Ciofini
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FRE2027, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France; (Q.W.); (I.C.)
| | - Carlo Adamo
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), FRE2027, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France; (Q.W.); (I.C.)
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.P.); (C.M.); (F.V.)
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7
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Correia SFH, Fu L, Dias LMS, Pereira RFP, de Zea Bermudez V, André PS, Ferreira RAS. An autonomous power temperature sensor based on window-integrated transparent PV using sustainable luminescent carbon dots. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:3428-3438. [PMID: 37383075 PMCID: PMC10295119 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00136a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The energy efficiency of buildings can be significantly improved through the use of renewable energy sources. Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) appear to be a solution for integrating photovoltaic (PV) devices into the structure of buildings (windows, for instance) to enable low-voltage devices to be powered. Here, we present transparent planar and cylindrical LSCs based on carbon dots in an aqueous solution and dispersed in organic-inorganic hybrid matrices, which present photoluminescent quantum yield values up to 82%, facilitating an effective solar photon conversion. These LSCs showed the potencial for being incorporated as building windows due to an average light transmittance of up to ∼91% and color rendering index of up to 97, with optical and power conversion efficiency values of 5.4 ± 0.1% and 0.18 ± 0.01%, respectively. In addition, the fabricated devices showed temperature sensing ability enabling the fabrication of an autonomous power mobile temperature sensor. Two independent thermometric parameters were established based on the emission and the electrical power generated by the LSC-PV system, which could both be accessed by a mobile phone, enabling mobile optical sensing through multiparametric thermal reading with relative sensitivity values up to 1.0% °C-1, making real-time mobile temperature sensing accessible to all users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra F H Correia
- Instituto de Telecomunicações and University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Lianshe Fu
- Department of Physics and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Lília M S Dias
- Department of Physics and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Rui F P Pereira
- Chemistry Center and Chemistry Department, University of Minho 4710-057 Braga Portugal
| | - V de Zea Bermudez
- Chemistry Department and CQ-VR, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal
| | - Paulo S André
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal
| | - Rute A S Ferreira
- Department of Physics and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
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8
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Huang C, Duan M, Shi Y, Liu H, Zhang P, Zuo Y, Yan L, Xu Y, Niu Y. Insights into the antibacterial mechanism of iron doped carbon dots. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 645:933-942. [PMID: 37178569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.04.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial nanomaterials provide promising alternative strategies to combat the bacterial infection due to deteriorating resistance. However, few have been practically applied due to the lack of clear antibacterial mechanisms. In this work, we selected good-biocompatibility iron-doped CDs (Fe-CDs) with antibacterial activity as a comprehensive research model to systematically reveal the intrinsic antibacterial mechanism. Through energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping of in situ ultrathin sections of bacteria, we found that a large amount of iron was accumulated inside the bacteria treated with Fe-CDs. Then, combining the data of cell level and transcriptomics, it can be elucidated that Fe-CDs could interact with cell membranes, enter bacterial cells through iron transport and infiltration, increase intracellular iron levels, trigger increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lead to disruption of Glutathione (GSH)-dependent antioxidant mechanisms. Excessive ROS further leads to lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in cells, lipid peroxidation destroys the integrity of the cell membrane, and finally leads to the leakage of intracellular substances resulting in bacterial growth inhibition and death. This result provides important insights into the antibacterial mechanism of Fe-CDs and further provides a basis for the deep application of nanomaterials in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Meilin Duan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Shi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Hao Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Department of Urology Key Laboratory of Urinary System Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yuhui Zuo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Lei Yan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
| | - Yusheng Niu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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